计算机专业英语2模拟试题2及答案.docx

计算机专业英语模拟2.Vocabulary（词汇，30分）(一)TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese.（写出下列词组的汉语，共10分，每题1分）1.centralprocessingunit（CPU）中央处理器1.2.operatingsystem操作系统2.3.electronicspreadsheet电子表格4.managementinformationsystem管理信息系统5.electroniccommerce电子商务6.database数据库7.softwareengineering软件工程8.softwarecrisis软件危机9.networksecurity网络安全10.computervirus计算机病毒(二)FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations.（根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写，共10分，每题1分)1随机存储器RAM2局域网LAN3计算机辅助设计CAD4数字视频光盘DVD5通用串行总线USB6面向对象编程OOP7集成开发环境IDE8结构化查询语言SQL9多文档界面MDI10企业之间的电子商务交易方式B2B(三)Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn.（将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配，共10分，每空1分）1.outputb2.high-levellanguagec3.projectwindowe4.black-boxtestingg5.multimediah6.WWWi7.fieldj8.applicationsoftwareda.b.c.d.e.f.g.h.视频输出.高级语言应用软件工程窗口系统软件黑盒测试多媒体9.systemsoftwaref10.vidioai.j.万维网字段changetheformwherenecessary.（从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的()式.Comprehension（阅读理解，40分）（一）Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow,and形填空，共10分,每空2分)high-levellanguageassemblylanguagewrittenmachinelanguagenotationAprogramminglanguage,designedtofacilitatethecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers,isa_notation_fordescribingcomputationinreadableform.Thereare3levelsofprogramminglanguages,theyare_machinelanguage_,whichcanberundirectlybycomputer;_assemblylanguage_and_high-levellanguage_.Therearedifferenthigh-levelprogramminglanguages.Fortunately,mostofthemhavemanykindsofconstructincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbe_written_.Therefore,firstthingtobedecidedaboutataskistochoosewhichprogramminglanguageisbestsuitedforthejob.PassageAThecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystems.Amongotherthings,itsconfigurationdetermineswhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelationtoothercomputers.TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystemcomponent,responsiblefordirectingmostofthecomputersystemactivitiesbasedontheinstructionsprovided.Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext,thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller,whileitsspeedandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously.Indeed,thesechangeshaveresultedinmicrocomputersthataresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap.TheCPUcomprisesthecontrolunitandthearithmetic/logicunit(ALU).Thecontrolunitisresponsiblefordirectingandcoordinatingmostofthecomputersystemsactivities.Itdeterminesthemovementofelectronicsignalsbetweenmainmemoryandthearithmetic/logicunit,aswellasthecontrolsignalsbetweentheCPUandinput/outputdevices.TheALUperformsallthearithmeticandlogical(comparison)functionsthatis,itadds,subtracts,multiplies,divides,anddoescomparisons.Thesecomparisons,whicharebasically“lessthan”,“greaterthan”,and“equalto”,canbecombinedintoseveralcommonexpressions,suchas“greaterthanorequalto”.Theobjectiveofmostinstructionsthatusecomparisonsistodeterminewhichinstructionshouldbeexecutednext.（二）Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassageA.（根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误，共10分，每题2分）1.Withthedevelopmentofcomputer,thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomebiggerandbigger.(F)2.ThemovementofelectronicsignalsbetweenmainmemoryandtheALUaswellasthecontrolsignalbetweentheCPUandinput/outputdevicesarecontrolledbythecontrolunitoftheCPU.(T)3.TheCPUcomprisesthecontrolunitandmemory.(F)4.Thecontrolunitperformsallthearithmeticandlogical(comparison)functions.(F)5.Thecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystems.(T)PassageBAcomputervirusisacomputerprogramthatiscreatedtomakeandspreadcopiesofitself.Theprogrammayhoweveralsobedesignedtohaveothereffectsonthesystemsitinfects,rangingfromtheannoyingtothedisastrous.Virusattacksaregrowingrapidlythesedays.AccordingtoBusinessWeek,the76,404attacksreportedinthefirsthalfof2003nearlymatchpreviousyearstotalnumber.Asnewantivirustoolsaremorepowerfulthanbefore,theviruswritersaregettingalotsmarterwithnewerandcreativewaystoattacknetworksystems.Letsfirstexaminesomecommonvirustypes:BasicVirus-apieceofsoftwarecodethatisdevelopedtoattackcomputersandnetworksystemsviaemailorInternetconnections.Itquicklyreplicatesitselfandgraduallyattachestofiles,programsortheharddrive.TrojanHorses-Thisisaprogramthatdoesntreplicatewhenenteringasystembutcanbeeffectivelyusedtoopenbackdoors.TrojanHorsesallowhackerstotakecontroloveraparticularsystemortostealveryimportantdata.Worm-thistypeofvirusisabletospreaditselfautomaticallyoverthenetworkfromonecomputertothenext.Duringawormattack,userscomputersgetinfectedwithoutevenhavingtoclickopenemailattachmentoranyprogram,etc.Sinceitisverydifficulttoavoidthevirus,yourbestdefenseisapowerfulantivirusprogram.Inordertofightwithsuchviruses,thesoftwarevendorsshouldfocusonmakingtheirproductsmorerobust.Thismayaskforatrade-offbetweenuser-friendlinessandsecurity.Inspecificcasesitmayrequireline-by-lineinspection,coderetoolingandevensystemsautomationtodefendtheinstalledprograms.（三）choosethebestansweraccordingtothepassageB.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案，共10分，每题2分）1AcomputervirusisacomputerprogramthatiscreatedtomakeandspreadCofitself.AprogramsBvirusCcopiesDfiles2WormspreaditselfexceptbyD.AnetworkBE-mailCprogramDhardware3AntivirusprogramcanscanandAvirus.AcleanBproduceCreplicateDmake4TrojanHorsesC.Aquicklyreplicateitselfandgraduallyattachtofiles,programsortheharddrive.Binfectthecomputerwithoutevenhavingtoclickopenemailattachmentoranyprogram.Callowhackerstotakecontroloveraparticularsystemortostealveryimportantdata.Davoidthevirustoattackcomputer.5AccordingtoBusinessWeek,theBattacksreportedinthefirsthalfof2003nearlymatchpreviousyearstotalnumber.A86,404B76,404C56,354D34,876PassageCTheInternet,thenknownasARPANET,wasbroughtonlinein1969,whichinitiallyconnectedfourmajorcomputersatuniversitiesinthesouthwesternUS.TheearlyInternetwasusedbycomputerexperts,engineers,scientists,andlibrarians.Therewasnothingfriendlyaboutit.Therewerenohomeorofficepersonalcomputersinthosedays,andanyonewhousedit,whetheracomputerprofessionaloranengineerorscientistorlibrarian,hadtolearntouseaverycomplexsystem.TheInternetmaturedinthe1970sasaresultoftheTCP/IParchitecture.AsthecommandsforE-mail,FTP,andtelnetwerestandardized,itbecamealoteasierfornon-technicalpeopletolearntousethenets.Itwasnoteasybytodaysstandardsbyanymeans,butitdidopenupuseoftheInternettomanymorepeopleinuniversitiesinparticular.Otherdepartmentsbesidesthelibraries,computer,physics,andengineeringdepartmentsfoundwaystomakegooduseofthenets-tocommunicatewithcolleaguesaroundtheworldandtosharefilesandresources.In1991,thefirstreallyfriendlyinterfacetotheInternetwasdevelopedattheUniversityofMinnesota.TheUniversitywantedtodevelopasimplemenusystemtoaccessfilesandinformationoncampusthroughtheirlocalnetwork.SincetheInternetwasinitiallyfundedbythegovernment,itwasoriginallylimitedtoresearch,education,andgovernmentuses.Commercialuseswereprohibitedunlesstheydirectlyservedthegoalsofresearchandeducation.Thispolicycontinueduntiltheearly1990s,whenindependentcommercialnetworksbegantogrow.（四）ChoosethebestansweraccordingtoPassageC.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案，共10分，每题2分）1.HowmanycomputerswereconnectedtotheinitialInternetin1969?BA.TenB.FourC.TwentyD.Three2.OnlyAcouldusetheearlyInternet.A.computerexperts,engineers,scientists,andlibrariansB.anyexperts,engineers,scientists,andlibrariansC.computerexperts,engineers,scientists,andstudentsD.experts,engineers,andscientistsinuniversitiesinUS3.TheInternetbecamealoteasierfornon-technicalpeopletolearnandusebecauseofthecommonB.A.commandsB.protocolsC.topologiesD.architecture4.ThefirstreallyfriendlyinterfacetotheInternetappearedwiththeintroductionofaCsystemforfilesandinformationaccess.A.computerB.operatingC.menuD.application5.WhichstatementisnottrueaccordingtoPassageC?DA.ManymorepeopleinuniversitiesbegantousetheInternetinthe1970s,butitwasntasuser-friendlyastodaysstandards.B.Therestrictionstocommercialuseschangedastheindependentcommercialnetworkswerenotfundedbythegovernment.C.CommercialuseswereallowedfortheearlyInternetiftheydirectlyservedthegoalsofresearchandeducation.D.TheearlyInternetwasloggedinfromhomeorofficepersonalcomputers.Translation（翻译，30分）(一)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.（将下列句子翻译成汉语，每题5分）1.SQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclient/serverdatabasesystem.1.SQL服务器用于允许成前上万的用户同时访问数据库，是一个真正的客户端/服务器端的数据库系统。2.Anapplicationsoftwareisanyprogramdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctiondirectlyfortheuseror,insomecases,foranotherapplicationprogram.2应用软件是直接为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件，或在某些情况下，为另一种应用程序设计的软件。3.AsmallnetworkmayonlyconnecttwocomputersinsideahometoshareasingleprinterandInternetconnection3一个小型的网络可能是连结一个家庭中的两个计算机，共同分享一个打印机和Internet连结。4.Thereisfreefirewallsoftwareavailablethatcanrunonyourcomputerandprovideagoodlevelofprotectiontoyournetwork.4有一些免费的防火墙软件能在你的计算机上运行，并且给你的网络提供很好的保护。fromtranslate(二)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.（将下段文章翻译成汉语，共10分）Ahigh-levellanguageisanartificiallanguagewithwhichwecanwritevariousinstructions.Thisispossiblenotbecausecomputerprocessorsarenowsotechnologicallyadvancedthattheycanunderstandtheselanguages.Youshouldprogramminglanguagesintomachinelanguagewhichcanbeunderstoodbythecomputerprocessors.Compilerscanaccomplishthistask.Thisdoesmeanthatahigh-levellanguageprogramisnotdirectlyexecutable:itmustbecompiledtoproduceprocessorprogram,whichisexecutable.高级语言是一种人造语言，使用它我们可以写不同的指令。这成为可能不是因为计算机处理器技术先进到它们可以理解这些语言。你需要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语言。编译器能够完成这项工作。这就意味着高级语言程序不是直接可执行的：它必须被编译生成处理器程序，这些程序是可执行的。