–ed形容词和–ing形容词的用法区别.docx

e d形容词和 i n g形容词的用法区别一、传统的观点许多参考书认为：-ing 形容词与表示事物的名词连用，-ed 形容词与表示人 的名词连用。此说法在很多情况下是可行的，但表述欠准确，在许多情况下却是不可靠的。 如-ing 形容词用于人的情况就比比皆是：假若你的老师说话幽默、讲课生动，那么不仅他 的课非常 interesting，而且你会说他是一个 interesting man(有趣的人)。比较：Im interested in interesting people. 我对有趣的人感兴趣。He was worried about his worrying son. 他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。He was annoyed with the annoying person. 他对这个讨厌的人很生气。另一方面，-ed 形容词用于指物的情况也不少见。比较并体会：a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)由于传统的观点说得太绝对，有时做起题来还可能会因此掉入命题人的陷阱，请看下面一 题 ：_ do you think of your English teacher? Is he _？A. What, interesting B. What, interestedC. How, interesting D. How, interested此题考查两方面的知识点：一是考查 what do you think of与 how do you like的用法 区别(两者搭配不同，但意思相同)；二是考查 interesting 与 interested 的用法区别。若 套用以上关于-ing 形容词与-ed 形容词的区别，则可能将答案锁定为 D。但是错了，此题的 最佳答案应是 A。二、正确的观点关于-ing 形容词与-ed 形容词的区别，比较准确的表述应该是：1. 以后缀 ed 结尾的形容词(如 ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所 修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。如：He had a pleased smile on his face.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。He told me the news in a very excited voice.他声音很激动地告诉了我这个消息。第一句中的 a pleased smile 意为“满意的微笑”，它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑；第二句中的 a very excited voice 指的是“很激动的声音”，即指的是某人因很激动而发 生那样的声音。原则上，-ed 形容词通常直接用于说明人，若修饰事物，则多为 air(神态), appearance(外 貌), cry(哭声), face(表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪)<Times New Roman">), mood(等 显示某人的情感状况的名词。2. 以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词 ( 如 delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying 等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们 说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。如：The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。请再比较并体会以下句子：He is frightened. 他很害怕。He is frightening. 他很吓人。He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。H e has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。H read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。三、学练结合请做做以下试题，看你是否能克服原来的思维定势，能否跳出命题人的陷阱：1. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _.A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry2. The little boy isnt getting on well in maths and worse still, he is even unwillingto go to school. With her son _, she feels very _.A. disappointing;worrying B. disappointing;worriedC. disappointed;worried D. disappointed;worrying3. After the Anti-terrorist War, the American soldiers returned home, _.A. safe but tired B. safely but tired C. safe and tiring D. safely and tiring4. As we all know, typing is a _ job to a _ heart.A. tired; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tired D. tiring; tiring5. Poor boy! His_ looks and _hands suggested he was very afraid. A. frightful; trembling B. frightened; tremblingC. frightening; trembled D. frightened; trembly6._ do you think of your English teacher? Is he _？A. What, interesting B. What, interestedC. How, interesting D. How, interesteded 形式及常见短语与 ing 形式形容词归纳excited (be d about) / exciting surprised (be d at) /surprisingamazed (be d at) /amazingembarrassed(be ed in) /embarrassingeeeeeeeeee (be ed at / by) / encouragingeeeeeeeeee (be d of) / frustratinginterested (be ed in) / interesting thrilled (be ed at) / thrillingterrified (be terrified at/ of / with) / terrifyingpleased (be d with) / pleasing, = pleasantsatisfied(be satisfied with) / satisfyingfrightened (be ed at / of ) / frighteningtired (be d of) / tiringbored (be d with) / boringrelaxed (无固定搭配) / relaxingfascinated (be d by) / fascinatingannoyed (be ed with) / annoyingmoved (be d by) / movingworried (be worried about) / worryingconfused (be confused about) / confusing练习：一 用括号内所给动词的-ed 形式或-ing 形式填空1. The children were _after the trip. （tire）2. The trip was_. （tire）3. The _children went to bed early after the trip. （tire）4. The _trip lasted a whole day. （tire）5. The trip made the children_. （tire）6. The bad weather made the trip_. （tire）7. Toms parents are _ at his _ results of the exams（disappoint）8. _and angry, he left the meeting-room. （disappoint）9. It is _that he didnt pass the examination（disappoint）10. When hearing the_ news that Michael Jackson passed away, they were_to lookat each other. （surprise）11. He was _ about his _ son. （worry）12. Im not _with his interpretation of this sentence. （satisfy）13. He was _with the _person. （annoy）14. A police car appeared on the road, the thief had a_ look on his face. （frighten）15. The situation here is _and we are_. （encourage）答案：1-5 ADCDB 6-11ABACBA答案与解析：1. 选 A。句中的 that punishthe law 是定语从句。句意是：因为他们小孩的违法行为而 惩罚其父母，这样的法律使得做父母的感到忧虑。表示人“感到忧虑的”用由过去分词转换 而来的形容词。2. 选 B。句意是：由于她的儿子令人失望，她感到非常烦恼。表示“令人的”用 -ing 形容词；表示“感到的”用 -ed 形容词。3. 选 A。此题一方面考查形容词作状语(。此题一方面考查形容词作状语(当形容词用作状 语时，表示意义上的增补，和句子主语在逻辑上有主谓关系)，另一方面考查形容词 tiring 与 tired 的用法区别，此处填 tired 表示“人感到疲惫的”，即选 A。4. 选 C。第一空填 tiring，表示“使人劳累的”；第二空填 tired，表示“感到劳累的”。5. 选 B。第一空填 frightened，其意为“感到害怕的”；第二空填 trembling 表示动作的进 行。也就是说， frightened 说明主语因而产生的情绪反应，从而影响到人的身体部 位trembling答案：1. tired 2. tiring 3. tired 4. tiring 5. tired 6. tiring 7. disappointed, disappointing) 8. Disappointed 9. disappointing10. surprising; surprised 11. worried; worrying 12. satisfied 13. annoyed; annoying 14. frightened15. encouraging; encouraged