2020年中考英语考点专项突破题 专题34 阅读理解一（含解析）.doc

专题34 阅读理解一一、 黄冈四、阅读理解 第一节阅读下面三篇短文，根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(1)In a town there lived a little, beautiful and smart girl. Her name was Rose. Everyone in the town liked her. She was very brave, but she was scared of the doctor. One day, one of her teeth was moving. Her mom saw it. She said, “One of your teeth is moving, and you need to visit Doctor Tim.”Rose said, “No! Im not going to the doctor.” Mom said, “Dont worry. Its not so wobbly(摆动的) now, we neednt go to the doctor at once.” That made Rose feel better.After five weeks, Rose forgot about her tooth but her mom didnt. She checked her tooth again and it was more wobbly, so she said, “Its time to see the doctor.”Rose was scared but she had to do what her mom told her, so they went to see Doctor Tim.They had to wait in the waiting room.When it was her turn, her heart was beating very fast. She went into Doctor Tims room. He was smiling. She sat on the chair.Doctor Tim said, “Close your eyes.”Rose closed her eyes, but just before Doctor Tim started, tears started coming down from her eyes. When she opened her eyes, she saw Doctor Tim holding her tooth, smiling.Rose smiled. Then Doctor Tim gave her a teddy bear. From that time Rose wasnt scared of doctors anymore.26. At the beginning of the story, Rose was scared of _ .A. her momB. the doctorC. her teethD. the people in the town27. Rose forget about her tooth after _.A. five monthsB. many yearsC. several hoursD. five weeks28. The doctor gave Rose _ after he pulled her tooth out.A. a bookB. a teddy bearC. a candyD. many teeth29. According to the passage, the doctor was a man.A. kindB. braveC. carelessD. shy26【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据She was very brave, but she was scared of the doctor. 可知，她很勇敢，但她害怕医生。故选B。27【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据After five weeks, Rose forgot about her tooth but her mom didnt. 可知，五个星期后，罗丝忘记了她的牙齿，但她妈妈没有。故选D。28【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由句子Then Doctor Tim gave her a teddy bear.可知，然后蒂姆医生给了她一只泰迪熊。故选B。29【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。A. kind善良的；B. brave勇敢的；C. careless粗心的；D. shy害羞的。根据句子He was smiling. 他在笑。和句子Then Doctor Tim gave her a teddy bear. 然后蒂姆医生给了她一只泰迪熊。可以推测出蒂姆医生是很善良的。故选A。(2)Li Shizhen (李时珍) was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518.Both of Li Shizhens father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhens grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. His father was doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhens father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial (帝国的) examination. When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宫廷) A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he fulfilled his fathers dream he didnt want to continue working for the court.One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica 本草纲日 ). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China.30. What was Li Shizhe s grandfather?A. An official.B. A prince.C. A country doctor.D. A writer.31. What did Li Shizhens father want Li Shizhen to do?A. To be a doctor.B. To write a book.C. To be a prince.D. To enter politics.32. When he was 38, Li Shizhen cured _ .A. his grandfatherB. the son of the Prince of ChuC. an official in that countryD. a famous doctor33. According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for?A. Working for the court.B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica.C. His long traveling.D. Curing a lot of people.34. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Li Shizhens life.B. Li Shizhens grandfathers life.C. Li Shizhens fathers life.D. Li Shizhens book.30【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。A. An official. 一位官员；B. A prince. 一位王子；C. A country doctor. 一位乡村医生；D. A writer. 一位作家。根据Li Shizhens grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. 可知，李时珍的祖父是一位乡村医生，他带着一袋药草和药物到农村行医，治好了很多人。故选C。31【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。A. To be a doctor. 做一名医生。B. To write a book. 写一本书。C. To be a prince. 做一名王子。D. To enter politics. 进入政界。根据Li Shizhens father wanted him to enter politics (从政).可知，李时珍的父亲想让他从政。故选D。32【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宫廷). 可知，当他38岁时，他治好了楚王的儿子，几年后被邀请到朝廷做官。故选B。33【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由句子Li Shizhen, was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica 本草纲日 . 可知，李时珍，以其著作本草经而闻名。故选B。34【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。A. Li Shizhens life. 李时珍的生活。B. Li Shizhens grandfathers life. 李时珍的祖父的生活。C. Li Shizhens fathers life. 李时珍的父亲的生活。D. Li Shizhens book. 李时珍的书。根据短文的第一段Li Shizhen (李时珍) was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. 李时珍是中国历史上最著名的医生之一。1518年出生于湖北启春。可知，本文介绍了李时珍的生活。故选A。(3) In the state of Qin (秦国 ) , there was a man called Shang Yang (商鞅). He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms(改革) for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards (报酬) to soldiers who were successful when at war.But these reforms were not easily carried out (执行) at first. Most people didnt trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole.Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.”It was a simple job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke.Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces.After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him.Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝国).35. What did Shang Yang do?A. A statesman.B. A king.C. An emperor.D. A soldier.36. In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have?A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition.B. Having a wooden pole cutting competitionC. The man stepping forward first would be praised.D. The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some gold pieces.37. Why did Shang Yangs reward increase at last?A. Because a man stepped forward.B. Because there wasnt enough time.C. Because Shang Yang heard no answer.D. Because Shang Yang was happy.38. “They believed he was a man of his word.” What does the underlined part mean?A. A man who can speak loudly.B. A man who likes to speak a lot.C. A man who keeps his word.D. A man of few words.39. After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China?A. Shang Yang became the first emperor.B. The first empire of China appeared.C. The south gate fell down.D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker.35【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms(改革) for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards (报酬) to soldiers who were successful when at war. 他是一位政治家，为国家制定了许多改革方案，比如更加注重农业，给战争中成功的士兵奖励。可知，商鞅是一位政治家。故选A。36【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole. Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.” 他在秦都南门放了一根细木杆。许多人来看他和杆子。然后，在人群面前，商鞅大声说：“把这根杆子带到北门的人会得到10块金币。”可知，为了进行改革，他的想法是能抗着杆子从南门到北门的人会得到10块金币。故选D。37【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” 商鞅听不到回答，上前说：“现在奖励50块金块。”可知，商鞅增加奖励是因为他听不到回答。故选C。38【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。A. A man who can speak loudly.能大声说话的人。B. A man who likes to speak a lot. 喜欢说大话的人。C. A man who keeps his word. 信守诺言的人。D. A man of few words. 寡言少语的人。句子They believed he was a man of his word.的意思是：他们相信他是信守诺言的人。因此a man of his word是“信守诺言”的意思。故选C。39【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝国). 在这些伟大的改革下，秦国变得越来越强大。最后，秦始皇把七国统一为一个帝国。可知，中国的第一个帝国出现了。故选B。二、 黄石，阅读理解阅读A、B、C三篇材料，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Im sure you all know how important recycling is. Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But its actually very scientific. MaterialThe first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled. Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic.Daily thingsCan you think of everyday items made of these materials? Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled. LoopThese things are usually stamped with the recycling loop It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular( 三角形) circle. This shows that cycle(循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.Process Lets go back to the process of recycling. The items are put in a recycling bin.A truck carries the items to a recycling plant. The materials are separated and squashed（被压扁成） into square cubes. Companies buy and turn them into new products.21. What is “recycling” according to the passage?A. Its a magic performance.B. Its a way of burning old things.C. Its a way to make old things useful.D. Its a scientific research.22. Which material is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rubber.B. MetalC. Glass.D. Plastic.23. You can put your old things into a recycling bin except _.A. soda cansB. magazinesC. cereal boxesD. all bottles24. The “3 arrows” shows that the items .A. have some valuable stampsB. are in a triangle circleC. are recycled and reusedD. are thrown away25. The passage is mainly about .A. recyclable materialsB. recyclable daily thingsC. the recycling processD. recycling in a scientific way21【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things“回收就是把旧的东西变成新的东西”可知，是一个让旧的东西有用的方法，故选C。22【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic可知，文中提到了纸、金属、玻璃和塑料，并未提到橡胶，故选A。23【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes. Some bottles of juice are made out of glass可知，汽水罐就是一个很好的例子。它们是由金属制成的。杂志和报纸是用纸做的。麦片盒也是如此。有些果汁瓶是由玻璃制成的，所以汽水罐、杂志、麦片盒都可以放到循环利用的垃圾箱里，有些果汁瓶也可以，而不是所有的果汁瓶，故选D。24【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular( 三角形) circle. This shows that cycle(循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else可知，它有三个箭头。这表明这种循环还在继续。物品会被扔掉，但它们会作为其他东西继续存在，所以三个箭头表示东西可以被回收，可以被再一次使用，故选C。25【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据It sounds like magic. But its actually very scientific以及下文可知，以一个科学的方式进行回收利用，故选D。BOnce upon a time, a wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing weaker day by day and was unable to take care of himself, so he decided to hire（雇佣） a nurse to help with housework and take care of him.One day, the old man interviewed two nurses Anthony and Peter. Anthony happened to be a handsome young man, while Peter looked quite ordinary (普通的). The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, “Anthony has given me a very bad account（描述） of you. He said you are rude(粗鲁的) and untrustworthy (不可信赖的) . Is this correct? ”Peter thought for a minute and said, “If Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.”The old man was very impressed by Peters character. Meanwhile, Anthony returned with a cup of tea for the old man, The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then turned to Anthony and told him, “Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. What do you think about this? ” After hearing this, Anthony became angry and started cursing(咒骂).In the end, the old man hired Peter. Although Peter looked quite ordinary, he had impressive inner(内在的) beauty.26. What did the old man want a nurse to do?A. Live with him.B. Help with housework and look after his wife.C. Work as a doctor.D. Help with housework and look after him.27. What did Anthony look like?A. Handsome.B. Ordinary.C. Old.D. Ugly.28. The old man told Peter that Anthony_.A. had had some bad words of himB. had praised himC. did not trust himD. considered him to be not important29. How did Peter react(反应 ) when he heard the old mans words?A. He was angry.B. He took it seriously.C. He didnt believe him.D. He blamed (责备 ) Anthony.30. What can we learn from the passage?A. Ordinary people are more trustworthy.B. Handsome men must be good men.C. Inner beauty is more important than appearance.D. Others opinions are always correct.26【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据so he decided to hire（雇佣）a nurse to help with housework and take care of him可知，这个男人想要招聘一个护士来帮他做家务和照顾他，故选D。27【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Anthony happened to be a handsome young man, while Peter looked quite ordinary (普通的)可知，安东尼长得帅，而彼得很普通，故选A。28【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Anthony has given me a very bad account（描述） of you. He said you are rude(粗鲁的) and untrustworthy (信赖的) . Is this correct? ”可知，这个老人告诉彼得，安东尼说他坏话，故选A。29【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Peter thought for a minute and said, “If Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.”可知，彼得想了几分钟并说，如果安东尼对我有不好的看法。我一定有什么错的地方，我应该花时间改变这些东西。所以彼得严肃对待这件事。故选B。30【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题、根据Although Peter looked quite ordinary, he had impressive inner(内在的) beauty以及全文可知，尽管彼得看起来非常普通，他有令人印象深刻的内在美，所以内在美比外表更重要，故选C。CEarlier this year, China achieved a new milestone（里程碑） in space exploration. On Ja