自考小抄 中外作品研究（Chinese and foreign works on self cheat sheet）.doc

自考小抄 中外作品研究（Chinese and foreign works on self cheat sheet）0661 - Research on Chinese and foreign news works(sample of the first two chapters, complete edition, 6 pages and a half)Notes are based on textbooksResearch on Chinese and foreign news worksTang Shiying editor, Wuhan University pressNotes are based on directoriesAn introduction to the study of I JournalismThe first chapter is about the principles of Journalism ResearchFirst, we must have correct guiding ideologyTwo, adhere to the scientific attitude of seeking truth from factsThree, adhere to the correct direction of public opinion, grasp the characteristics of news worksFour, understand and grasp the historical background of news worksFive, the news works as a whole system to investigateThe second chapter is about the thinking characteristics of news worksI. sensibility and reasonTwo, personality and commonnessThree, subjectivity and objectivityFour, use a variety of forms of thinkingThe third chapter is about the method of evaluating news worksFirst, a detailed analysis of the content and form of news worksTwo, a comprehensive analysis of news worksThe fourth chapter is about the study of foreign news worksI. report forms of foreign news worksTwo, the main writing features of foreign news worksThree. Methods and requirements of Foreign Journalism ResearchThe fifth chapter is about the accomplishment of JournalistsI. political literacyTwo, theoretical literacyThree, professional qualityFour, knowledge literacyFive, moral qualityII news reading analysis section(a)1 Yanan celebrates Japans unconditional surrender2 members of the Communist Party Liu Hulan Kangkaijiuyi3, the Central Plains, our troops occupied Nanyang4 I three hundred thousand victory army crossed the Yangtze RiverThe 5 Shanghai games toughened and hardened into steel6, distinguish between the mainstream and tributaries, not the beginning of excessive7 Asif, Vianney to brush full of wit and humour8 look at the change from the post office9 economists go to market10, a carrier rocket flies across the vast sky11 guest midnight bell 100 Fengqiao Xinghui Fuso into12, learn Nanjing green experience, pay attention to three deficiencies13 a new book full of self-criticism14 Jinshan comrades memorial service held in Beijing15. Scientific heat appeared in Beijing suburbs16 rushed to Tianjin Luan River17 grab the dishes18 Poyang Lake emerged as the worlds largest Bai Hequn19, Chinas athletes won the first gold medal in the Olympic GamesThere are 20 Shaanxi coal21 good! Honesty lives forever22 Wuhan hundred mile Yangtze River lock up.23, China has invested huge sums of money to speed up the development of the Yangtze River coastal areas24 US Japan auto trade talks begin25 No, Britannia(two)Behind the curtain of the magnificent 12 Qilian North travel (excerpt)3 tables on the table4 visits "grape regular""5 night6 for the sixty-one class brothers7 heroes ascend the summit of the earth8, "one dollar" spirit9 example of the county Party Secretary - Jiao Yulu10 Shuicheng Venice11 poems written on silk handkerchief12, it is not the dispute between fish and grass13 overnight car Madian14 what is the reason why the matches are out of stock in Changsha?15, the town is more charming scenery16 "flying Apsaras" volley17 "my mother taught me how to duck."18 visits to the toiletThree 19 bombs fathers ""20, love is vomiting yellow21, Huayang reef supply busy22 wake up, Tongling!23, vegetable prices tracking24 exemplary role of leading cadres - Kong Fansen25 soul(three)1 Japan signed surrender2 cremation - eternal Gandhi3 American astronauts landed on the moon4, the death of Premier Zhou Enlai, Beijing is in deep sorrow5 the electricity cuts New York into darkness6 pretty wife to see "Huan Huan", "how cute!"!7 St. Helens volcano erupted8 remember Lu Xun9 impression of Peng Dehuai10 a month after the fall of Paris11 bridges under the surface of the water12 Mussolini hangs on the streets of Milan13 Auschwitz no news can be written14 Indira Gandhi (excerpt)?15, "old newspaper boy" Roy diedThe worlds best emergency room 16Research on Chinese and foreign news works"An introduction to the study of I JournalismThe first chapter is about the principles of Journalism Research1, what principles should be followed in the study of news works?First, we must have the right idea;Two, adhere to the scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts;Three, adhere to the correct direction of public opinion, grasp the characteristics of news works;Four, understand and grasp the historical background of news works;Five, the news works as a whole system to investigate.2, why do we need correct guidance in the study of news works?As the latest reflection of social reality, the content of the news works is complicated and diverse. A piece of news work, from collection and production to public communication, is a complex system engineering. Therefore, to study news works, we must have the correct guiding ideology, which is an important basic principle for the study of news works.The researchers of journalism should be guided by the theory of Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought and Deng Xiaoping theory, and the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Deng Xiaoping theory is a new stage in the development of Marx doctrine in china. Further study of Deng Xiaopings theory is of great significance to the study of news works. With correct guidance,Talent is our ability to keep a clear head when we study and evaluate news works, and to give readers the correct guidance in reading news works. If there is no correct guiding ideology, then we will lose the direction to analyze and study the news works, and it is difficult to make a correct and proper understanding and evaluation of the news works.Studying Marxs theory is of profound understanding and good application. When we study news works, we must carry forward the style of combining theory with practice. Write the practice of using the basic principle of the Marx doctrine of news works and journalists of serious thoughts. We should closely integrate the socialist news work in the new historical period, emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts and creatively carry out research work.3, how to do "persist in seeking truth from facts"?If we want to seek truth from facts, we must strictly base on objective things and proceed from the actual situation of journalistic works. Both the analysis of news works, or news reports on forms of evaluation; whether it is written and practical examination to reporters, still works on the social effects of the understanding, to know insist on Marxs theory, take the scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts.If we want to be practical and realistic, we must try to overcome the influence of some psychological factors in the light of the reality of the new works. Can not meet the intentions of others with in blindly, not to engage in idealism, metaphysics, subjective to objective analysis of the frame instead of news works.4, the characteristics of news works?First, in terms of the content of the news works:To be true; to be fresh; to be prompt and timely; to have importance.Two, in the form of expression and expression:The objectivity of news language;News language must be concise, popular and vivid, and easy to be accepted by the masses;Thirdly, the news structure can help to accurately report the facts, express the authors ideas and views and be easy for readers to read;The technique of expression is flexible and varied;In style, news works should be diversified.5, the meaning and requirements of news authenticityNews is a newly reported fact, a true reflection of various objective facts that exist in social life and in nature. First there are facts, then there is news. Truth is the inherent attribute of news, and it is the life and power of news.The authenticity of news includes the following three requirements:First, the specific facts in the news must be true and completely in conformity with objective facts.In fact, the two news must be accurate, not exaggerated features, narrow, point to the face, Overgeneralization, to seek truth from facts summarize the whole picture, completely consistent with facts.Three, on the whole and in connection with the objective facts, not only should pay attention to the reality of specific facts accurate, but also pay attention to the overall, in essence, and the trend of development to grasp the authenticity of things.6, the study of news works, why should we understand the historical background of news works?The research works of journalism, in the careful analysis of each specific work at the same time, should also put it in the background on the analysis and comparison of measure, as far as possible, so as to have the "point" on the understanding and grasp of the "face".News is the product of the times and has the closest and most direct relation with the times it produces. Good news works, to varying degrees, record the life and struggle of the times from different angles and in different aspects. Understanding and mastering the times of news works is of great benefit to the study of news works.Contact the background of news works, first of all, the social content, from the news works social influence, investigated its relationship with the times; secondly, different times, different society, have different values, aesthetic taste and social needs. The evaluation and selection of the news works have different characteristics of the times. Again, the impact of the times on the news works is not only reflected in the content, but also reflected in its manifestations. News style is not immutable and rigid. In order to meet the needs of society better, it is in constant change and development. All kinds of news subjects are constantly enriched in the development and change. Finally, the language style of news works also leaves the mark of the times.7, why should the news works as a whole system to investigate?A news project, from collection and production to public communication, is a complex systematic project. Its quality is not only affected by internal factors, but also influenced and restricted by many external factors. Therefore, the research of news works itself at the same time in seeking truth from facts, broaden the thinking space, the business expanded to other aspects relating to, such as collecting, gathering and dissemination of results, put them as a whole system to be inspected, it is absolutely necessary.In this whole system, journalism is the center and subject of the study;And journalism itself is the unity of content and form. To study news works, we should not only take the whole situation into account, but also analyze the various parts in detail, and show how they serve the purpose of representing the whole content and the whole situation. Only in the process of studying news works, we can grasp the overall function and social effects accurately and profoundly, and judge the pros and cons of them.The news works are in the authors mind of objective things, the spirit of products formed by the production processing, the authors political attitude, ideas, life experience, business culture, can be reflected in his works. As much as possible to know the author, as far as possible, in-depth understanding of the writing practice, is be of great advantage to a comprehensive and profound study of news works.The study of news works should also take account of its objective dissemination effect. To evaluate whether a news work is good or bad, we should insist on the view that practice is the only standard for inspection and arrangement, and pay great attention to its objective dissemination effect.News is open to the whole society. The diversity of audiences often leads to the complexity of the dissemination of news works. The same news works make different reactions in society and produce different evaluations, and it is common to draw different conclusions. The researchers in the study of the social effect, to have overall awareness, the overall concept, starting from the interests of the masses, considering different conditions, take into account all aspects of the social effect, not only should pay full attention to the main aspects, nor ignore the second hand, for comparison, analysis, measure in order to achieve the objective evaluation of notarization.8, journalism researchers should seriously study Marxism Leninism and Mao Zedong thought, and the central content is to study Deng Xiaoping theory.9, Marxs journalism is an important part of Marxs scientific system. It is the use of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, human activities of news practice, especially the middle class team news practice, made a scientific summary and the summary, reveals the basic law of news events and work, is the theoretical weapon for guiding the socialist journalism, but also know the theory of news works on weapons.10, to study news works, we must adhere to the ideological line of Marx doctrine and adopt a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts.11, the object of journalism research is specific news works.12, even if the same news events and figures, often show different attitudes, give different evaluation, draw different conclusions, adopt different ways of expression, write the social effect different news works.13, the press and public opinion units should adhere to the correct political orientation, guard against all work, and adhere to the correct direction of public opinion.14, socialist journalists must adhere to the materialist origin view, truthfully and accurately report objective things and reflect the objective world in a practical and realistic way.15, as far as news limitation is concerned, the shorter the time between the fact and the news report, the greater the value of the news.16, the importance of news is determined by the meaning it contains, not simply depending on the size of the subject matter. When investigating the importance of news, we should comprehensively investigate its relations with the masses and the relationship between it and the real life.17, the richness of news content and the diversity of social functions determine that the coverage of news reports is very extensive.18, the most important and common genre in news works: news.