中考英语考点18形容词的比较级和最高级.docx

中考英语考点18形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级3）有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。usefulmore usefulmost usefulgood/well 好的betterbestbad/ill 坏的worseworstmany/much 多的moremostlittle少的lessleastfar远的furtherfurthestfartherfart hestold老的olderoldesteldereldest2.形容词比较级的用法1）形容词的比较级能够单独使用：Be more careful next time.下次小心点。It was quieter outside.夕卜面安静点了。It couldn be easier.不能再容易了。This car is more expensive.这辆车比较贵。Who is taller? 谁高一点？Which book is better?哪本书更好？1.形容词比较级和最高级的构成1）单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成2）多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。如：原级比较级最高级difficultmore difficultmost difficultdeliciousmore deliciousmost delicious2）也能够和than连用，表示两者相比，than后能够跟：a.名词或代词（若为人称代词，在口语中多用宾格）：He is older than me.他年龄比我大。Tokyo is bigger than New York.东京比纽约大。b.动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。This is more interesting than sitting in an office. 这比坐办公 r室更有意思。c.从句：I was a better singer than he was.我唱歌比他好。He is stronger than I expected.他比我预料的更健壮。d.状语：She felt worse than usual.她感到比平时更难受。He is busier than ever. 他比过去更忙了。e. 跟其它成分（如动词、形容词等）：It better to be prepared than unprepared. 有准备比没准备好。She was more surprised than angry.她吃惊甚于生气。He was more lucky than clever.他是运气好，而不是聪明。3） 形容词比较级的修饰语1）形容词比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly 之类表示水准的状语:He feeling a lot better today.他感到今天好多了。She a little bit better now.她现在稍稍好点了。It sightly warmer today.今天稍微暖和一点。2)也可在比较级前 any, no, some, even, still这类词：Do you feel any better today?你今天感觉好一点 了吗？She was no older than Zilla.他并不比齐拉大。This book is even more useful than that.这本书甚至比那本书更有用。3)比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：Shall I get a couple more chairs? 我要不要再搬两把椅子来？My sister is ten years younger than me.我妹妹比我小十岁。You ra head taller than Jane. 你比简高一个头。4） 形容词比较级的特殊用法和more相关的词组1) the more the more 越就越。例如：The harder you work , the greater progress youll make. 越努力, 进步越大。2) more B than A=less A than B 与其说 A 不如说 B。例如：He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 他工作时, 与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。3) no morethan与一样,不比多。例如：The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看至 U 的和皇帝一样多。no less - than 与一样。 例如：He is no less diligent than you.他和你一样勤勉。4) more than不但仅，非常。例如:She is more than kind to us all.她对我们非常热心。和less相关的词组5） less than 不到 不太：In less than a week, the MS was ready不到一周稿子就准备好了。6） no less than多达 很多于He won no less than $5oo. 他赢了很多于 500 美圆。No less than 2 million people came.至少来了 2 百万人。7） more or less基本上 大体上 大约The work is more or less finished. 这项工作基本上完成了。The answers were more or less right. 这些回答大体上是准确的。另外，还有as +形容词或副词原级+ as8）在否定句或疑问句中可用so as。例如：He cannot run so/as fast as you.他没你跑得快。9）当asas中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a +单数名词/ as + many/much +名词。例如：This is as good an example as the other is.这个例子和另夕卜个样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸，我也能。10）表示倍数的词或其他水准副词做修饰语时，放在 as的前面。例如：This room is twice as big as that one.这房间的面积是那间的两倍。Your room is the same size as mine.你的房间和我的样大。11）倍数 + as + adj. + as <=> 倍数 + the + of。例如：This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.你的房间是我的两倍大。Your room is twice the size of mine.5.形容词最高级用法the +最高级+比较范围1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,例如：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。例如：It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.-这是个很重要的问题。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。（错）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.（对）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2） 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost o例如：This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.这帽子差不多是最大的了。一、/ 注息：a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。This is the very best.This is much the best.b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。）最高级的意义有时能够用比较级表示出来。例如：Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的。Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.4.)”否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ soas"结构也能够表示最高级含义。例如:Nothing is so easy as this.没比这更简单的了。=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.