名词性从句 (5).ppt

名词性从句,Practice:,1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move,A,b/C,C,B,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词从句,How to judge a clause:,学习名从要知道; 及物动词最重要; 动词之前叫主从; 动词之后是宾从. 系动词也贼重要; 它的后面跟表从; 千万不能忘介词; 它的后面跟宾从.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,His job is important.,What he does is important.,主语,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,表语,It was good news that everyone got back safely,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,宾语,I dont know the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,同位语,Try to find the noun clauses and tell the functions.,At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.,2. She wondered if the buses would still be running.,3.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.,4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.,Object clause,Object clause,Predicative clause,Object clause,名词性从句考点归纳,一、名词性从句的语序：,(1) that 和whether/if引导的从句,She sensed something.A tall man in a dark coat was staring at herShe sensed that she was being stared by a tall man in a dark coat.,She wondered.Would the buses still be running?She wondered if/whether the buses would still be running.,陈述语序,(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句（倒装）语序。,他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ),你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )I dont know what is wrong with her.,F,T,T,F,（1） 名词性从句构成有3种,a. That + 陈述句 That light travels in straight lines is known to all.,b. if/whether + 陈述句 No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.,c. 疑问词+陈述句 This is what we are looking for.,It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.What is known to all is that light travels in straight lines.As is known to all, light travels in straight in lines.,二、名词性从句连接词的选用 补充P218,（1）that 和what 的选用,that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,that,名从 不做成份定从 做成份,what 名从 做成份,that / what,1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,(2) 引导词that 的省略 补充到语法书P218,that 可省略的情况：单个动词宾语从句中的that可省略; and, but, or 连接的并列宾语从句中第一个that可省略,that不可省略的情况：a. 主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略,that/ (that),1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.,(that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,(3) if 和whether 的选用 2,不能使用if 的情况：a. 主语从句( 注：若it做形式主语，whether/if )b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句d. 介词后的宾语从句e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,可以使用if的情况：动词宾语从句it作形式主语时,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.9. It hasnt been decided _we shall attend the meeting.,if / whether,Whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether/if,(4)其它连接代词和副词的选用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,三、同位语从句的引导和辨别,1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。,1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.,that/ whether / where/ how,where,how,that,that,whether,1）The news _ our football team won the match was really encouraging . 2）The news _ we heard on the radio was not true .,_是形容词性的从句, 它与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。_是名词性从句，是对前面名词作进一步的补充性解释说明。,同位语从句与定语从句的区别,that,(that/ which),定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句和定语从句的区别 补充到P218,1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。,2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.,补：,1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.,1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.,Attributive or Appositive,AT,AP,AP,AT,名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 should + do, should 可省略,He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.,宾语从句的时态呼应,1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.,his dream will come true some day,what you were doing at this time yesterday,2. 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . 他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher told me,he was preparing for the examination,He had been away from his hometown for ten years,light travels in a straight line.,Practice time,1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. was thought that D. is thought that4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when,7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who,13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where,Thank you,