美国人地性格特点及成因.docx

本科生毕业论文申请学士学位论文题目美国人的性格特点与其成因作者雨晴所学专业名称英语师指导教师金艳2014年12月10日美国人的性格特点与其成因分析学院外国语学院二O一四年十二月十日Analysis of the American Characters and FormingReasonsByTao YuqingUnder the supervision ofAssociate Professor Jin YanA ThesisSubmitted to the School of Foreign LanguagesIn Partial Fulf川ment of the RequirementFor the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in EnglishAtChuzhou UniversityDecember 10, 2014AcknowledgementsI would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all these who helped me in one way or another in the pletion of this thesis.First of all, I owe great indebtedness to my supervisor, Associate Professor Ji n Ya nwhose strict demands and insightful suggestions are indispensable through all the stages of development and revision of the thesis. Hehas made lots of corrections and suggestions while reading my drafts of the thesis. Without hispatience and wisdom the present thesis would be unthinkable.Special thanks should also be extended to all of the teacherswho taught me during my four years of study in Chuzhou University, in particular, associate professors Jin Yan for their enlightening instructions.At last, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to my family and dear friends. With their consistent support and encouragement, I would be able to carry on my study and plete this thesis.AbstractWhen it es to the American culture, more issues are talked about American geography, politics, and economy , instead of its people. As a matter of fact, American people is also a significant part of its national culture. This paper mainly talks about characters of American people and many forming reasons. Different nationalities have different characters due to variously cultural backgrounds, such as, Chinese modesty, French romance, German strictness and so on. Certainly American people has its own unique characters:opennessdirectness, independence,self-reliance, hard work, etc. Although American people are amiable, they resist the fate. However, All these characters are not haphazard, they are formed from a variety of factors, including history, geography, culture, religion, and eating habits.Key words: American people; American characters; forming reasons.摘要提到美国文化，人们谈论更多的是美国的地理，政治，经济，而非她的人民C 事实上，美国的人民也是其文化的重要组成局部， 本文就将讨论美国人的性格特 点与其诸多形成的原因。不同的民族有着不同的性格特征。 人们常常谈与中国人 的含蓄，法国人的浪漫，德国人的严谨等等。当然，美国人也拥有其鲜明的性格 特征。美国人奔放，随和，坦率和独立进取，自立，自动，抗拒命运。所有的这 些特点不是偶然的，是受其历史，地理，文化，与饮食习惯等各种因素共同形成 的结果。关键词：美国人；美国人的性格特点；形成原因。Table of ContentsAcknowledgements . Abstract II摘要IIITable of contents IV1. Introduction 12. Ameri can characters . 1Openness；. .1Informality22.3 Success as a goa卜 - ：.22.4 Independence and self-reliance .22.5 Spirit of resisting the fate .:.23. Reasons for forming American characters .33.3 Historical factor . . .3Geographical factor. 33.3 Climatic factor- .43.4 Cultural factor 53.5 Religious factor 64. Conclusion75. Bibliography 8Analysis of the American Characters and Forming Reasonsl.IntroductionEvery nation has its own unique personality. People often talk about Chinese modesty, French romance, and German strictness etc. The American character equally has its own distinctive features. Americans are generally cheerful, sociable, and they have informal etiquette. The first meeting is not necessary to shake hands. Sometimes, they just smile, and say" Hi or Hello ,which they considered is polite. Americans generally shake hands with women gently. In farewell, they just wave to you and say Goodbye" or See you tomorrow" . But if others bow to them, they also use the appropriate etiquette to express their respect, such as shaking hands, nodding,hugging and so on. When you first make a American friend, he may talk with you all the time. When you walk in the street, glancing to strangers with no intention, he may smile or nod to you, or say Hello . If your car breaks down on the road, enthusiastic American people will help you to repair. If you get lost in the street, they will be eager to help you.Americans do not like to be subordinated to others when dealing with each other. They either do not like those who are too polite to pliment themselves.Therefore, Americans make friends and hope to give people a good impression, but often lack the kind of heart-familiar. Besides, they are independent and enterprising. They do not like to depend on their parents and others. On the street, every morning you will see a boy delivering morning newspapersdoor to door regardless of the wind and rain. They will get their return by their effort. To most American students, they earn their tuition by doing park-time job and struggling for scholarships. They have to leave their parents to live on their own when they are in adulthood.Everything in the world has its origin. There is no exception. Certainly culture also has it history, let alone the American characters. American characters are not haphazard, and they have their origin. They are formed from a variety of factors, including history, geography, culture, religion, and eating habits.2.American characters2.1 opennessAmericans are open and outgoing. They are easier to approach. American people like to talk with each other both acquaintances and strangers. However, they dislike keeping silence, and they are not good at hiding their opinions. When you see a few Americans who are talking actively in the street, actually maybe they just know each other one hour ago. People who have ever contact with Americans will have the same feeling that Americans in the western people are the most outgoing , and the most amiable. Certainly it is also the American loveliness.2.2 informalityAmericans are well-known for their informalityin the world. We can find this character from their dress and their way of greeting when they meet. Americans dress very casually. In their eyes, fort is the most important and they consider it unnecessary to do those flashy and superficial items. In the office building, you will find those white-collar workers without a coat and a tie work in their offices. In addition, in university campus,you will see American professors who often wear jeans and Nike shoes in their classes. Their dress is very normal in American campus. Last but not least, in the name, whether subordinates see their bosses, or students meet their teachers, Americans generally just need to smile, or say Hi and Hello . It is not necessary to add to any titles.2.3 Success as a goalIn the eyes of Americans, what is the most important is not the family background of one person, but his own talent and ability. Even a child, he also wants to perform very prominently in the school to win his parents favor. They also seem to understand that love of their parents is not their birthright, but their spoils through their efforts. That Americans place a very high valuation upon success is agreed on by almost every Americans. Success for them does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sort which is preferably measurable. If the boy turns out to be a preacher instead of a business man. That is all right. But if the bigger his church and congregation are, the more successful he will be.2.4 Independence and self-relianceAmericans do not like rely on others, equally they either dislike others relying on themselves. Every morning you will see a eleven-year-old boy who will deliver morning newspapers door to door, and some girls at the same age will go to the neighbors to help looking after little children. Their parents consider that independence for their children from childhood will have great benefits on their future social life. Besides, Americans are particular about DO IT YOUSELF . In America, they generally do their own cooking, their own washing, their own marketing and other tasks whoever they may be a doctor, professor, lawyer, businessman and so on. They have a certain of social status, but they do not think that doing chores will reduce their decent identity. They have enough economic power to employ a housekeeper, but they do not think that they need to do this.2.5 Spirit of resisting the fateAmericans do not believe the power of the fate. They think those who believe the fate are backward, naive and barbaric. The fatalism is the representative of superstition, laziness and unwillingness of taking active action. Americans are very active. There is an article called American on the move” , which talks about American history, actually American history of immigration. In America, 40 million families will move every year, and average one family in five families will move once every three years. This frequent immigration in a certain reflect that they are not used to live ordinary daily life, and they are eager to find a new place, looking for new job opportunities, and gain a new character.3. Reasons for forming American characters3.1 Historical factorThe development and change of everything are the product of a certain historical period. The forming of American character has a profoundly social and historical origin. Americans do not experience the feudal society. Before the invasion, America is a primitive society ruled by Indians. They do not experience the feudal society which is characterized by autocratic rule. Therefore, Americans are not influenced and controlled by feudal thought. As a consequence,American charactersare open and free. The people of North America have traditional character of freedom. Indians are the master of America. They are free and independent all the time. They consider that the world is the mon home of all things, and all animals and plants in the world like human beings equally share the same and equal right. They are polite and generous with strangers, and they want to get along with strangerslike friends. Besides, the colonists invading the North America are mainly English, and most of them are puritans. They came to North America to get rid of feudal rule and pursue speech and life freedom.There is a long historical origin. The early immigrants came to the savage lands of North America from their homeland. The harsh environment require them to be independent and self-reliance and firm. Only in this way, can they survive in the lands. A significant western movement in American history, require them to be more firm faith, and they must believe their fate, which is controlled in their own hands. As long as they believe human can defeat the God, they can defeat nature,conquer nature, change nature, and improve their life condition. Therefore, Americans form this kind of character that they do not believe the fate and the fate is mastered in their own hands.3.2 Geographic factorThe development of everything in the world is not only the product of history, but it also has an essential relationship with natural geographic environment. To a certain extent, American characters are also the product of special American geographic environment. There are irregular coast lines, endless mountains, vast plains, wavy hills, desolate deserts, flat plateaus and low-lying swamps and basins in American large land. Various landscapes are distributed.Humans are a kind of animal with a strong adaptability. When they have settled in a place, they begin to adapt to and change this kind of natural environment. In the process of adaptation, people in different terrains will form their own unique social production and character traits. The region with influence of blue ocean civilization is based on the sea, therefore, their character is free and open. There are close to 23 thousand kilometers coastlines in America between the hug of two oceans. The big trait of the ocean civilization is openness and instability. People inside ocean want to get the nourishment of ocean. They want to catch abundant fishes and frequently overseas trade. They dare to think deeply, take adventures, broaden their horizons, as a consequence, American characters are open and free, with the spirits of aggressiveness. Plain encourages people to pursue the knowledge, exploit new thoughts. Therefore, those people who live in the plain of the east of Appalachian and the Middle plain are good at business and trade because of predominantly natural condition. Hence , they are cheerful ,open, broad-minded, and generous. In a word, plicated American natural landscape produces a variety of characters.3.3 climatic factorThere are plicated and diversified climates and a big difference between them because of vast population and plicated landscapes. Climatic diversity leads to different character traits in those living different regions. In the Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu wrote: in cold countries, people are less happy; in warmer countries, people are more happy than in cold countries; however, in hot countries, people are very sensitive to happiness. There are more outdoors activities in tropic areas. therefore, they are hot-tempered. However, people living in cold areas have more indoors activities, hence they are strong and tolerant, with the spirit of aggressiveness. In Politics, Aristotle said:" people in cold European countries are brave and have more freedom than other countries" On the contrast, those people who live in warm and wet areas are easy and fortable, but they are smart and free. Thereby, various climates have a certain influence on different American characters, which leads to the diversity in American character.3.4 Cultural factorPopulation and nation. America is a country of immigration, therefore, those immigrants who e from all over the world bring their own history, culture, lifestyle, religion, as well as value into America, which forms American diversification. Certainly, the process of collision and exchange between different cultures is also the process of free speech and individuality. Therefore, people in north America have a profound understanding in individual s life, freedom, and interest.Culture. As we all know, there is not a period of feudal society in the process of American history. Nobility, poor men, rank, crown, which are popular among European continent, are no practical meaning in America.They do not pay mare attention to family, status, and identity. However, what they attach importance to is their own realistic achievements. This kind of concept which began in early American original period to a certain degree has bee the precipitate of American cultural tradition. Everyone cherishes their own equal right, therefore,when they get along with each other, it is not necessary to be critical about all kinds of red-tapes. For this reason, it has formed this kind of American character without ceremony. Informality is to make people in the process of munication more relaxed and f