比较级与最高级及倍数表达方式.docx

比较级与最高级、倍数表达方式词的变化规则1）规则变化构成法原级比较级最tWj级一般单音节词未尾加-er,-esttall（ 高的）great（巨大的）tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音 词和少数以-le结尾的双音节 词只加-r,-stnice（好的） large（大的） able （有能力的）nicer larger ablernicest largest ablest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭 音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅 音字母，再加-er , -estbig（大的）hot （热的）bigger hotterbiggest hottest"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双 曰p词，改y为i ,再加-er , -esteasy（容易的） busy（忙的）easier busiereasiest busiest少数以-er , -ow结尾的双 日ij词未尾加 -er , -estclever（聪明的） narrow（窄的）cleverer narrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节 词，在前 曲加 more, most来构 成比较级和最高级。important（重要的） easily（容易地）more important more easilymost important most easily2）不规则变化原级比较级最tWj级good（好的） well（健康的）betterbestbad （坏的） ill（有病的）worseworstold （老的）older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many（多的）moremostlittle（ 少的）lessleastfar （远的）farther/fur therfarthest/furt hest3） more +形容词/副词原级二、基本结构比较级形容词或副词 +thanYou are taller than I.He is the tallest in his class.可修饰比较级的词a great deal,much happier1) a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, any, still, even 等2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。3)以上词( 除 by far) 外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。典型例题:2) Are you feeling ?Yes ， I'm fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better3) The experiment waseasier than we had expected.more much4) If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time timethe+ 最高级+比较范围1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the ，副词最高级前可不用。形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义，只表示 "非常"。It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。( 错 )Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.( 对 )Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almostThis hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意：可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。This is the very best.This is much the best.b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.3) 句型转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.4)"否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ soas"结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.倍数的表达方式1.Thistimes hall形容词is five/ 副词的比较级thantimes bigger than our”例如：classroom.2.times+as +形容词/ 副词的原级as”例如This table is three times as long as that one.3.“times + the +名词4.5.6.7.8.（如：size ， height ， weight ， length ， width, age 等）of例如：Thisstreet isfourtimes thelengthof that street.“times+more+ 名词+than”例如：Therearetwicemore studentsin ourclass than intheirs.“times+what从句”例如：Thepriceofthemeatistwicewhatit was last year.“ times + up on （或 over ）Heis threetimesuponyourage.“+by + times”例如：Hisspeedis fasterthanmine by four times.“times+ comparedwith+被比较对象“例如：”The number of the studentsin our school has increasedompared with 1980.9." times + that of +被比较对象”例如：fourtimescIn this workshop the output of July was three January.timesthatof和 more 有关的词组1） the more the more 越就越The harder you work ， the greater progress you'll make.2） more B than A 与其说 A不如说B=less A than BHe is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work.3） no morethan 与一样不,（对两者同时否定）no more than 仅仅not more than 不多于，至多not .more than Eg: He is no more a writer than a painter.He has no more than three children.He has not more than three children.She is not more clever than he is.no less than 不亚于no less than 多达not less than 意为“不下于”、 “至少”not less - than 与样Eg: He is no less diligent than you.We walked no less than three miles.He has not less than seven daughters.She is not less beautiful than Mary.