牛津上海八下 8B Unit4 Newspapers 知识点梳理-文档资料.doc

8B Unit 4 Newspapers与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 P53教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范读，让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读，我读一句，让幼儿读一句，边读边记；第二通读，我大声读，我大声读，幼儿小声读，边学边仿；第三赏读，我借用录好配朗读磁带，一边放录音，一边幼儿反复倾听，在反复倾听中体验、品味。 1. sit v. 坐 satsatseat n. 座位与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 2. a pile of newspapers 一堆报纸 two piles of 两堆.3. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 请某人（不要）做某事4. a composition on newspapers 一篇关于报纸的文章 a composition =an article5. news n. 新闻（不可数） a piece of news two pieces of news6. newspaper n. 报纸（可数） a newspaper two newspapers a school newspaper 一份校报7. write v.wrotewrittenwritingwriter n. 作者；作家P541. section n. 部分=part different sections =different parts 不同的部分2. headline(s) n. 大字标题；新闻提要 passage n. 章节；段落3. come from = be from 来自于 He is from=He comes from We are from=We come from4. local a. 当地的 local news 当地新闻 local snacks 当地小吃5. UN 联合国：the United Nations的缩写6. be short of v. 缺少；缺乏 be short of cash 缺乏现金；现金不足7. announce v. 宣布announcement n. an announcement 一个通告8. walk down the street 沿街散步9. nobody= not anybody= no one 后+does/ is (三单)10. recognize v. 认出 Nobody recognized him. 没有人认出他。11. lips n. 嘴唇 be on everybodys lips 众口相传e.g. His name was on everybodys lips. 他的名字挂在每个人的嘴上。/他的名字众口相传12. well-known a. 有名的；著名自=famous better known (比较级)the best known (最高级)13. one of the best known scientists 最著名的科学家之一14. consider v. think about carefully考虑；把看作considerate a. 体谅的；深思熟虑的inconsiderate a. 不替别人着想的；考虑不周的considerable a. 该注意的；应考虑的15. inconsiderate passengers不替别人着想的乘客们16. stand v. stoodstood 站立；忍受 17. notany more= notany longer =no longer 不再；再也不18. I cant stand it any more. =I cant stand it any longer.=I can no longer stand it. 我再也不能忍受了。19. Sb. spend time (in) doing sth./ on sth.= It takes sb. time to do sth. 某人花时间做某事20. queue up v. 排队等候 =wait in line jump the queue 插队21. queue up for a bus 排队等车22. push v. 推pull v. 拉 push to get on 挤上车23. get on 上车get off 下车 24. get into the car/ taxi -get out of the car/ taxi 上（下）小汽车/ 出租车25. fair a. 公平的；公正的unfair a. 不公平的 be unfair to sb. 对某人不公平26. proper a. 适当的；正当的properly adv. queue up properly 正当排队27. give sb. a lesson 给某人一个教训 gavegiven 28. should do =ought to do 应该做 shouldnt do =ought not to do 不应该做29. self-discipline n. 自我修养；自律 give sb. a lesson in self-discipline 在自律方面给某人一个教训30. intelligent a. 聪明的；智能的=clever =smart =bright 31. intelligent traffic systems 智能交通系统32. set up v. 建立= put up setsetsetsetting 33. in Pudong New District 在浦东新区34. improve v. 改善；改进；提高= make better improvement n. 35. traffic flow n. 交通流量 flow n. 流量 flow v. 流动flowedflowed36. win v. 赢；获胜wonwon winner n. 胜利者37. competition n. =contest 竞赛 take part in a competition/ contest 参加竞赛38. probably adv. =maybe =perhaps =possibly 也许；可能；大概P551. soon a. 很快；不就 =before long =in no time how soon 多久以后 soon after 不久之后；稍后2. term n. 学期 this term 这个学期 last term 上个学期 next term 下个学期3. Grade Eight students =students of Grade Eight 八年级的学生4. want to do =would like to do 想要做某事 He would like to do =He wants to do5. publish a newspaper 出版一份报纸 publishing house 出版社；出版公司6. hold a meeting =have a meeting 开一次会 hold v. heldheld 举行；容纳；抓住7. late a. 晚的；迟到的 be late for class/ school/ work 上课/学/班迟到 two minutes late 迟到两分钟8. later adv. 后来 two minutes later =after two minutes 两分钟后9. headmaster n. 校长-headmistress n. 女校长10. after school 放学后 after class 下课后 after work 下班后11. be at the meeting 在开会 speak at the meeting 在会上发言12. decide to do =make up ones mind to do 决定做 decide not to do 决定不做. decision n. 决心 make a decision 做一个决定；作出决定13. elect v. choose by voting 选举；推选 election n. e.g. elect her/ him monitor of our class 选/她/他当我班的班长14. chief a. = main =most important 主要的 15. edit v. 编辑；校订editor n. (报刊，杂志的)编辑-edition n. 版本；（报纸、杂志的）一份16. the chief editor 主编17. suggest v. 建议suggestion n. some useful suggestions 一些有用的建议18. suggest (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人做某事 （常写成:suggest sb(主格) do ） e.g. They suggest we visit the Bund at night. 他们建议我们晚上参观外滩 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事19. choose v. chosechosen 选择choice n. a good choice 20. experience n. 经历；经验-experienced a. 有经验的 an experienced worker 一个经验丰富的工人 experience表示“经验”时不可数，如：much experience 许多经验 She has no experience. 她没有经验。 表示“经历”时可数，如：a new experience an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历21. an editor of her class 她班上的一个编辑 22. vote for her 投她一票 secret vote 不记名投票 We all voted for her. 我们都投了她的票。23. elect Joyce to be the chief editor 选乔伊斯当主编24. take charge of the meeting =be in charge of =be responsible for 负责会议25. ought to do（情态动词）：应该做某事-ought not to do 26. secret n. 秘密-secretary n. 秘书27. ask for sth. 请求；要求 ask for help 请求帮助28. too =as well =as well as =not onlybut also =bothand =So do/ does sb. 29. I was secretary of the Reading Club. 我是读书俱乐部的秘书 30. the others =the rest =the other +复数名词 ：其余的；剩余的31. other a. 别的 后+（名词）复数； others n. 别人；别的 后不可以+名词the others n. =the rest 其余的 后不可以+名词 the other n. 另一个; a. 另一个后+（名词）单/复another a. 再一个；另一个；又一个 后+（名词）单/复32. onethe other一个另一个（用于两者）33. in my/ his /her other hand 在我 /他/ 她的另一个手上34. someothers.有的有的；一些，一些35. somethe others.一些其余的36. one after another 一个接一个 =one by one37. oneanotherthe third一个另一个第三个38. I was elected to be the secretary. 我被选为秘书。 （was /were +done 过去时的被动语态）39. start taking notes =start to take notes 开始记笔记40. the other three 另外三个人41. different sections =different parts 不同的部分/版块42. Pansy asked which sections they would have. =Pansy asked which sections to have.（wh-词+ sb. will/would/ should/ can do= wh-词+ to do ）43. tell sb. (not) to do 叫某人（不）做某事 telltold-told44. talk over :discusscarefully 详细讨论；详谈45. between prep. 在两者之间 among prep. 在中 （用于三者或以上）46. at the next meeting 在下一次的会议上47. make a list of 列一张的清单48. some other things =something else 一些别的事情49. discuss v. 讨论 =talk about -discussion n. 50. for example 例如 一般后有“，”+句子 such as +sth.或doing sth. 51. how often 多久一次 （对“几次+ 一段时间”的提问）52. be free to readers 对读者免费53. free a. 有空的；免费的 be free =have time 有空 ask for free rides 要求免费搭乘（车，船）54. cost 物花钱 e.g. The book cost me 25 Yuan. pay 人花钱 ( paid-paid ) I paid 25 Yuan for the book. 我花了25元买这本书。spend人花钱 ( spentspent ) I spent 25 Yuan on the book.take 物/事花时 (tooktaken) It took me two hours to do my homework.55. call it= name it 给它取名为；称它 be called 被叫做；被称为56. mirror n. 镜子 look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子57. brief a. 简短的briefly adv. :shortly or quickly 短暂地58. whether conj. 是否 =if whetheror是.还是. whether or not ：无论；是否；不管59. different ideas =different views 不同的观点60. be different from 与不同 many differences 许多差别61. think about doing 考虑做某事 thoughtthought62. a bit= a little 有点；一点 e.g. a bit cold 有点冷 a bit longer 长一点(点)；久一点(点)63. agree to do 同意做某事 -disagree 不同意 agree with sb. 同意某人 I couldnt agree more. 我完全同意。64. conclude v. =come to the end/ finish （使）结束；终止；断定-conclusion(s) n. 结论65. conclude the meeting 结束这次会议66. arrange v. 安排-arrangement(s) n. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事67. the next meeting 下一次会议68. in one weeks time =in one week 一周之内；一周后 (How soon提问)P561. work it /them out 把它（们）解答出来 work out = solve 解决；解答2. badminton captain 羽毛球队长 play badminton 打羽毛球3. need v. necessary a. 必要的unnecessary a. 不必要的4. Its necessary for us to plant trees every year. 我们每年种树是必要的。5. It is + adj. + of sb.+ to do sth. 若结构中的形容词是指不定式逻辑主语的特征、品质、能力的，形容词后的介词就用“of”。e.g. Its honest/ foolish/ clever/patient/ kind/ nice / friendly/ brave of you to do sth.6. work as a secretary =be a secretary 担任秘书 e.g. He has worked as a manager for one year. =He has been a manager for one year.7. discuss sth. with sb. =talk about sth. with sb. 跟某人谈论某事P571. happen v.=take place 发生 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 happen to sb. 发生在某人身上2. during the meeting 在会议期间-duration n. 持续时间 the duration of the film3. refer to v. 指的是；参考4. popular a. 流行的；受欢迎的 be popular with/ among students 受学生欢迎的5. agree on ideas 意见相同 agree on 表示在某方面或某一点上达成或取得一致意见P581. modal verbs 情态动词2. be similar in meaning 在意思上相近3. much rubbish 许多垃圾4. right away =right now =at once =immediately 立刻马上5. as soon as possible =as soon as one can 尽可能快地 e.g. We should read English as often as possible. =We should read English as often as we can.6. need batteries for the recorder 需要录音机的电池7. start to publish =start publishing 开始出版P591. visit v./ n. 参观；拜访 visit the factory v. a visit to the factory n.一次到工厂的参观 2. WenHui Daily 文汇日报3. at the school entrance 在学校入口处4. wear a uniform 穿制服 woreworn wear v. 穿（戴）着 put on 穿（戴）上5. behave well 表现好behavior n. 行为；举止6. a washing machine 一台洗衣机7. staff n. 全体职员 （staff是一个复数名词，后+ are/ do）8. be happy / glad /pleased to do sth. 很高兴做某事9. type v. 打字typist n. 打字员-typewriter n. 打字机10. cook n. 厨师；v. 煮；做菜-cooker n. 炊具；炉灶-cookery n. 烹饪学；烹饪术 e.g. cookery books/ lessons/ programs11. print v. 印刷-printer n. 印刷机；打印机12. rob v. 抢robber n. 强盗-robbery n. 抢劫案 rob sb. of sth. 抢了某人某物 robrobbed13. steal v. stolestolen 偷 steal sth. from sb. 从某人那里偷了某物14. president n. 总统 15. burn down v. 烧毁 burn v.burntburntburning a. sunburnt a. 晒黑的16. according to 根据；按照P601. a writing competition 一个写作竞赛 competition= contest2. award n. 奖品3. stamp collecting n. 集邮 collect stamp v. 集邮4. opinion n. =idea =view n. 观点；主张5. attract v. 吸引-attractive a. 吸引人的-attraction(s) n. 吸引人的事物6. thank you for joining us 感谢你加入我们7. even if 即使P611. after doing =after sb do before doing =before sb. do when doing =when sb. doing 2. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 some invitations 几张请柬3. appreciate v. 欣赏；感激4. at the moment =now= at present 现在；此刻5. sound reasonable 听起来合理6. learn from 向学习learnt-learntP621. make some/ a few mistakes 犯些错误 correct the mistakes 改正错误2. annual a. 每年的 a League member 一个团员3. all over the city =throughout the city =around the city =the whole city= everywhere in the city整个城市4. march around the streets 在街道上游行5. form v./ n. 形成；形式 helicopter n. 直升飞机 fly over 飞过flew-flown6. act v. 扮演；行动actor n. 男演员actress n. 女-action n. 行动activity n. 活动active a. 积极的；活跃的7. a talent show n. 才艺展示；才艺表演talented a. 有才艺的 metal jars 金属罐8. wear the national costumes 穿着民族服装international a.nationality n. gather v. 聚集；收集9. youth n. 青年时期10. in all =altogether 一起；总共P631. express congratulations 表达祝贺/恭喜 compliment(s) n. 恭维；道贺2. sympathy n. 同情；慰问 well done 干得好3. deserve v. 应得；值得 You deserved to win! 你值得获胜！4. delight v./ n. 使高兴；高兴-delighted a. 高兴的 Im delighted for you! 我为你高兴！5. What a shame!= What a pity! 真可惜！多可惜啊！ shame n. 羞耻；惭愧6. terrible a. 可怕的；糟糕的= awful Long time no see. 好久不见 7. She was pleased at the news. =She was pleased to hear the news. 她很高兴听到这个消息。8. show ones sympathy for sb 对某人表示同情-showed-shownP641. fall on the canteen 倒在食堂上-fellfallen2. in the storm 在暴风雨/雪中 in the rain 在雨中3. interview sb. about sth. 采访某人关于某事 e.g. interview our headmaster about our school 4. at half past twelve =at twelve thirty 在12点半 at nine forty-five =at a quarter to ten 在12：455. fashion n. 时尚；时装-fashionable a. 流行的；时髦的6. teenage a. 青少年的；十几岁的teenager n. 青少年（1319岁）7. when you leave school= when leaving school 当你毕业时8. an English teacher =a teacher of English 一个英语老师9. design v. 设计designer n.设计师 feature n. 特征，容貌，（期刊的）特辑10. fix v. 修理；固定 fix= mend =repair 修理11. many interests 许多兴趣 show interest in. 对.表现出兴趣 take interest in sth. 对有兴趣；对.怀有兴趣12. record n. 记录-recorder n. 录音机13. team n. 队 on the school team 在校队P651. complain v. 抱怨；抗议-complaint n. contain v. 包含；容纳- container n. 容器；集装箱2. committee n. 委员会3. be pleased with sth./ sb. 对某事/ 某人满意 =be satisfied with sth. 4. less fit =less healthy =unhealthier a. 更不健康；较不健康 fitfitter -fittest5. special prizes 特殊的奖品 prize n. 奖；奖品；奖金P661. a man of many talents and interests 一个有许多才艺和兴趣的人2. invent v. 发明-inventor n. 发明家-invention n. 发明（物）3. curious a. 好奇的 He was naturally curious about sth. 他天生对某事好奇4. a way of doing sth. =a way to do sth. 一个做某事的方法5. do an experiment 做一个实验 simple equipment 简单的设备6. lead to 导致；通向 lead v. -ledled 领导7. discover v. 发现-discovery n. 发现； the discovery of electricity 电的发现8. finding(s) n. 发现物 9. actually adv. =in fact 事实上；实际上10. protect.from=preventfrom=keepfrom保护免/不受.之害11. vision n. 视力；视觉=eyesight 12. be tired of sth./ doing sth. 对做某事感到厌倦；厌烦（做）某事13. a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 two pairs of glasses14. at the same time 在同一时间15. two different types of glasses 两种不同类型的眼镜 type =kind 种类16. be known as 被誉为；叫做；号称 17. develop v. 发展；形成-developed a. 发达的developing a. 发展中的development n. with the development of 随着的发展18. efficient a. 有效的；能干的more efficientmost efficient P67681. damage v. =destroy v. 损害；毁坏 damage n. =harm n. 损害2. search for 搜寻：look carefully for sth. or sb. 3. establish v. 建立；创建 =set up= put up4. improve v. 提高；改善：make better5. century n. 世纪= 100 years centuries pl.6. collect information about sth. 收集有关的信息7. cloud(s) n. 云cloudy a. 多云的 8. Whats the weather like today? =How is the weather today? (问天气)今天天气怎么样？9. able a. 有能力的unable a. 不能的；不会的disabled a. 残废的；有缺陷的第 5 页