第九单元 历史与社会、世界与环境-精选文档.docx

第九单元历史与社会、世界与环境要练说，先练胆。说话胆小是幼儿语言发展的障碍。不少幼儿当众说话时显得胆怯：有的结巴重复，面红耳赤；有的声音极低，自讲自听；有的低头不语，扯衣服，扭身子。总之，说话时外部表现不自然。我抓住练胆这个关键，面向全体，偏向差生。一是和幼儿建立和谐的语言交流关系。每当和幼儿讲话时，我总是笑脸相迎，声音亲切，动作亲昵，消除幼儿畏惧心理，让他能主动的、无拘无束地和我交谈。二是注重培养幼儿敢于当众说话的习惯。或在课堂教学中，改变过去老师讲学生听的传统的教学模式，取消了先举手后发言的约束，多采取自由讨论和谈话的形式，给每个幼儿较多的当众说话的机会，培养幼儿爱说话敢说话的兴趣，对一些说话有困难的幼儿，我总是认真地耐心地听，热情地帮助和鼓励他把话说完、说好，增强其说话的勇气和把话说好的信心。三是要提明确的说话要求，在说话训练中不断提高，我要求每个幼儿在说话时要仪态大方，口齿清楚，声音响亮，学会用眼神。对说得好的幼儿，即使是某一方面，我都抓住教育，提出表扬，并要其他幼儿模仿。长期坚持，不断训练，幼儿说话胆量也在不断提高。 (包括世界与环境、历史与社会)教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范读，让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读，我读一句，让幼儿读一句，边读边记；第二通读，我大声读，我大声读，幼儿小声读，边学边仿；第三赏读，我借用录好配朗读磁带，一边放录音，一边幼儿反复倾听，在反复倾听中体验、品味。 时间:60分钟,分值:55分 要练说，先练胆。说话胆小是幼儿语言发展的障碍。不少幼儿当众说话时显得胆怯：有的结巴重复，面红耳赤；有的声音极低，自讲自听；有的低头不语，扯衣服，扭身子。总之，说话时外部表现不自然。我抓住练胆这个关键，面向全体，偏向差生。一是和幼儿建立和谐的语言交流关系。每当和幼儿讲话时，我总是笑脸相迎，声音亲切，动作亲昵，消除幼儿畏惧心理，让他能主动的、无拘无束地和我交谈。二是注重培养幼儿敢于当众说话的习惯。或在课堂教学中，改变过去老师讲学生听的传统的教学模式，取消了先举手后发言的约束，多采取自由讨论和谈话的形式，给每个幼儿较多的当众说话的机会，培养幼儿爱说话敢说话的兴趣，对一些说话有困难的幼儿，我总是认真地耐心地听，热情地帮助和鼓励他把话说完、说好，增强其说话的勇气和把话说好的信心。三是要提明确的说话要求，在说话训练中不断提高，我要求每个幼儿在说话时要仪态大方，口齿清楚，声音响亮，学会用眼神。对说得好的幼儿，即使是某一方面，我都抓住教育，提出表扬，并要其他幼儿模仿。长期坚持，不断训练，幼儿说话胆量也在不断提高。 一、选择题(每小题1分,共10分)1.(2019·原创预测)Dalian is one of cities I have ever visited. It is very clean. A.the dirtiestB.the smallestC.the most beautiful2.The number of the South China tiger in the last few years. There are less and less tigers in China. A.has risenB.has fallenC.has increased3.The hotel is not very modern, but it does have the of being close to the city center. A.advantageB.transportationC.inspiration4.Its for the elephant to be locked by chain for fifty years. A.uglyB.cruelC.relaxing5.What do you think of your mother?She is a good mother, a good teacher. I love her a lot. A.either; orB.not only; but alsoC.neither; nor6.What are you going to order?Well, I think I try Mapo Tofu, but Im not sure. A.mightB.mustC.cant7.Sally, its 10 oclock already. the TV and go to bed. OK, Dad.A.Turn onB.Put onC.Turn off8.David, you your report? No. I finished writing it this morning.A.have; writtenB.are; writingC.did; write9.Can you tell me ? Yes. She went to the museum with her friend Mary.A.what Lily did yesterdayB.when Lily went to school yesterdayC.why Lily cried yesterday10.The traffic is becoming worse and worse in Beijing because of private cars. People should use public transport more often. A.I agreeB.Sounds boringC.I hope not二、(2018·南京改编)补全对话(每小题1分,共5分)A:Hello, Im Barry Lai, a reporter with TV News. Would you mind answering a few questions about the events of this afternoon?B:1 A:All right then.Where were you when the birds landed?B:I was shopping in Central.A:2 B:Id say there were about 1,000 birds in all.A:3 B:They were small brown and green birds.A:And what did they do, exactly?B:Well, they came down and landed in Statue Square. 4 A:How did people react?B:Oh, everyone was amazed.Traffic stopped completely and the police had to be called.A:OK. 5 A.Thanks very much for talking to me.B.Not at all.C.How do you like the birds?D.Can you tell me what they looked like?E.How many birds do you think there were?F.You are welcome.G.They stayed there for about 15 minutes before flying off again.三、(2018·江苏苏州)完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)Alex was a giraffe who lived in a zoo with his mum, dad and other giraffe friends. As Alex grew, he 1 his neck was much shorter than the others. He began to get 2. But his mother told him that he was special. She said it did not matter how short or long his neck was. Alex tried not to think about his short 3. But as his friends grew taller and taller, his neck 4 short. Sometimes the other giraffes 5 him, but his parents told him not to worry. They said that he should be happy with himself the way he was. He tried, but he could not even play in some giraffe sports. He was just too 6. One day, one of the zoo workers came and took Alex away. Alex was frightened. Would he have to leave the zoo just 7 he didnt have a long neck? The zoo worker calmed Alex down and gave him some food. He felt better. Then he led Alex into another area of the zoo. There was a small 8 between the two areas. Alex was the only giraffe that could fit through it. Soon Alexs parents came to see him. “I told you that you were special,” his mother said. “The zoo has made a place just for 9 because so many people want to see how special you are!” She was right. Visitors pointed to him and screamed 10. They looked happy to see something so special at the zoo. 1.A.wonderedB.foundC.hopedD.agreed2.A.powerfulB.interestedC.energeticD.worried3.A.legB.tailC.neckD.nose4.A.stayedB.becameC.turnedD.felt5.A.looked afterB.fell behindC.laughed atD.heard of6.A.tallB.shortC.fatD.thin7.A.afterB.unlessC.becauseD.before8.A.cageB.holeC.windowD.door9.A.himB.youC.usD.me10.A.excitedlyB.angrilyC.sadlyD.heavily四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共20分)A(2018·湖南衡阳)World famous physicist(物理学家) Stephen Hawking died peacefully at his home in Cambridge on March 14th, 2018. Hawking was born in Oxford, England on January 8th, 1942. He went to school in a small city near London. As he himself admitted, he wasnt very serious about studying. He did very little work; he was never top of his class. However, he still achieved good marks. After leaving school, Hawking first went to Oxford University to study physics. Then he went to Cambridge University to study cosmology(宇宙学).At the age of 21, Hawking noticed something wrong with him. He had a bad illness that stopped him from moving and talking. He couldnt communicate except by blinking(眨眼). He sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate with others, he moved two fingers to control the computers mouse. He chose his words from the screen, which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer(音响合成器). “Ive had the disease for most of my life,” Hawking once said, “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.”Although Hawking was a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work, including the Albert Einstein Awardthe highest achievement in physics.Hawking worked at Cambridge University as a professor. His story shows that nobody, however bad their situation is, should lose hope. “Life is not fair,” he once said, “You just have to do the best you can in your own situation.”1.When did Stephen Hawking pass away?A.On January 8th, 1942.B.On March 14th, 2018.C.On March 24th, 2018.2.During studying in a small city near London, we know that. A.Stephen Hawking was the best student of his classB.Stephen Hawking didnt work hard at his lessonsC.Stephen Hawking began to study cosmology3.What happened to Stephen Hawking when he was 21?A.There was something wrong with his head.B.He couldnt even blink to communicate except by moving fingers.C.He could neither talk nor move.4.How did Stephen Hawking communicate with others after the bad illness?A.By mouth.B.By body languages.C.By a voice synthesizer.5.Why was Stephen Hawking so successful at his work?A.Because he never lost hope in his own condition.B.Because life was not fair for him.C.Because he had a bad illness.B(2018·广州)阅读短文及文后AE选项,选出可以填入15各题空白处的最佳选项。Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. 1 In fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised(认定)as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasnt he known for his invention at the time? Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. 2 When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk. In 1850, Meucci and his wife, Ester, moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. 3 To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently. Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.4 Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent(专利) on his invention. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him. In 2019, more than a century after Meuccis death, his work was finally recognised by the government. 5 A.He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.B.However, he wasnt the first person to think of the idea.C.Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk.D.He will now be known all over the world as the telephones inventor.E.He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.五、(2018·浙江金华、丽水改编)词语运用(每小题1分,共10分)itdostudyhewriteluckyskillbearandmuchJoseph is a teacher in New York. He gives lessons to1 students about American history. But he2in Kenya, an African country where the children lead a very different life. For example, a ten-year-old boy may spend3 time in taking care of cows than studying at school. The children also learn many 4 like how to live in the wild. Unlike many other children, Joseph went to school. And5, when he was 15, he came 6 in America and then became a teacher. So far, Joseph 7a book called Facing the Lion. In the book, he talks about his childhood. He thinks 8 is very important for American children to learn about the cultural differences between their country 9 the others. He also thinks children should learn to be strong and full of hope. Now Joseph 10 a project, hoping that it will help children face their own“lions”. 参考答案一、1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.A7.C8.B9.A10.A二、1.B2.E3.D4.G5.A三、1.B2.D3.C4.A5.C6.B7.C8.D9.B10.A四、A1.B2.B3.C4.C5.AB1.B2.A3.E4.C5.D五、1.his2.was born3.more4.skills5.luckily6.to study7.has written8.it9.and10.is doing第 8 页