新闻标题的翻译与技巧.ppt

by 吴爽 潘阳,新闻标题的翻译与技巧,若按报道的内容，新闻则可分为：政治新闻（political news ）、经济新闻（economic news）、科技新闻（technological news ）、文化新闻（cultural news）、体育新闻（sports news）、暴力与犯罪新闻（violence and crime news）、灾难新闻（disaster news）、天气新闻（weather news）、讣告（obituary）和娱乐（entertainment）等若干大类。 如按照事件的性质，新闻又可分为“硬新闻” （hard news）和“软新闻”（soft news）两大类。 硬新闻亦称：“纯消息报道”（spot news or straight news），指题材比较严肃、具有一定时新性的客观事实报道。 软新闻是指人情味较浓、写法轻松活泼的社会新闻，其题材可能会显得陈旧或无关紧要，但决非枯燥乏味。,新闻种类,新闻价值,构成新闻价值的要素很多，在英语新闻报道中，主要有以下几种： 1）时效性（timeliness）和时新性（freshness）。 2）重要性（importance） 3）显著性（prominence） 4）接近性（nearness）。 5）奇异性（unusualness） 6）趣味性（interest）,A. Translation of lexical items in English news headlines,Translation of acronym (首字母缩略词) Translation of new words in English news headline（新词） Translation of midget words（小词）,1.Translation of acronym,a. Translate according to its pronunciation (1) OPEC 22nd Session Ends (OPEC =Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织，即欧佩克) -欧佩克第二届会议结束 (2) AIDS-The Risk to Heterosexual (AIDS=Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 艾滋病,即后天免疫缺损综合症) -艾滋病危及异性恋爱者,b. Translating and shortening the full name (1) NATO to Seek New Secretary General (NATO=North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织,简称北约) -北约寻求新任秘书长 (2) USSR Dissolves, Mikhail CorbachevResigns: Boris Yeltsin Takes over (USSR=Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟,简称苏联) -苏联解体,戈尔巴乔夫辞职,叶利钦上台,c. Explaining all letters (1) BBC Considering Starting Global Television Service (BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation) -英国广播公司拟开通全球电视服务 (2) Hollywood Helps CIA Come in From the Cold (CIA=Central Intelligence Agency) -好莱坞为中央情报局重塑形象,2. Translation of new words in English news headlines,The idea, begun in Naples, Italy, and called “Suspended Coffee” i.e., a customer pays for a coffee and “banks” it for someone less fortunate who could use a jolt of caffeine and good will has become an international internet sensation with coffee shops in Europe and North America participating in the movement.,待用咖啡,“Cool carl” is a group of fashion icon quietly emerging from the current “clan” context. Just as the name suggests, those people possess the quality of being both “cool” and thrift as a “carl”. It is a kind of “stinginess” which is the latest trend and with a positive meaning because what the “cool carl” advocates is “saving glorious; waste shameful”. “Cool carl” is not necessarily poor or miserly but the kind of people with relatively high academic degrees and salaries. Their penny pinching can not be interpreted as mean but as thrift.,酷抠族,A DINKWAD is an acronym which stands for “double income, no kids, with a dog”. Its an extension of a DINK (double income, no kids), not to be confused with a DINKY (double income, no kids yet) or a DINKEM (double income, no kids, excessive mortgage),丁狗族,先逛店后网购,先到传统实体店查看某件商品，然后到网上以较低的价格将该商品购入的行为，我们可以称之为“先逛店后网购”。,Showrooming,女性夏季“防狼神器”毛腿丝袜,hair stockings,女友专用调,女友专用调指男士在跟自己的另一半说话时声调和语气上的变化。这种变化主要体现为：声调提高、语调更显温柔，并且不时夹杂着各种爱称和幼稚的语言。,girlfriend voice,3. Translation of midget words,(1) Report Backs Methadone for Addicts -报道支持吸毒者使用镁沙酮镇定剂 (2) Nuclear Blast Seepage Is Found -核爆炸渗漏物被发现,Midget words are verbs or nounsthat are shorter or fewer syllable but more vivid employed in news headline to make it easier for readers to understand.,acechampion(得胜者) aidassistance(帮助) blastexplosion(爆炸) bodycommitteecommission (委员会) clashcontroversy(机构) crashcollision(碰撞；坠毁) dealagreementtransaction (协议交易) demsdemocrats民主主义者；民主人士; (美国)民主党党员 envoyambassador(大使) fakecounterfeit(赝品；骗局) fete=celebration庆祝(活动) feudstrongdispute(严重分歧) flopfailure(失败) freezestabilization (物价、工资等)冻结；平抑 glutoversurply(供过于求) GOPGrand 0ld Party(美国)共和党,nodapproval(许可；批准) pact=agreementtreaty (条约协议) pollelectionpublicopinion poll (投票选举民意测验) probeinvestigation(调查) pulloutwithdrawal(撤退；撤离) riftseparation(隔离；分离) rowquarrel(争论；争议) setready(准备) snagunexpected difficulty (意外障碍；意外困难) statementdispute that cannot be settled(僵持；僵局) stanceattitude(态度) stepprogress(进程；进步) strifeconflict(冲突；矛盾) ties(diplomatic)relations (外交)关系,B. Translation of proper punctuations,Comma (,) Colon (:) Quotation mark () Dash(),Comma (,) Comma is used to replace and in order to save space, generally being translated to be 和 in Chinese.” (1) UN, Iraq Talk on Refugee Aid -联合国和伊拉克谈判援助难民问题 2) China, CIS States May Share Cables -中国和独联体国家合作开发光电通讯,Colon (:) (1)The2 billion Makeover: Australias Olympic City Gets Ready for the Games -二十亿美元的大改造：澳大利亚的奥林匹克城准备迎接奥运会 (2) War Plan: the Wests Military Options -战争计划：西方的军事选择,“Colon is also used to take place of relation verbs, and it is always translated to be 说、 宣称、 是 in Chinese.” (1) Renminbi to Remain Reliable, Strong: Li -李鹏说人民币保持可靠和坚挺 (2) Health Survey: New Yorkers Fitter,Slimmer -健康调查称纽约人更加健康和苗条,Quotation mark () 英语新闻标题中的引号均为单引号，常用于引语式标题，引用常理性话语、某人原话或者文章中一句半句话，翻译时应转化为双引号，文学或文艺作品则应改用书名号。 （1）Oprah Tops Forbes Celebrity 100 Power List (FOX) 奥普拉名列福布斯“百位重量级名人榜”之首 （2）Oceans Thirteen Banks $37.1 Million (AP) 十三罗汉旗开得胜 票房已达3710万,Dash() It is often translated to be “说” in Chinese in order to draw out the speaker, and to be “再”in order to emphasize something. (1) Labor Council Face Bankruptcy Officials -官员们说劳动党委员会面临崩溃 (2) Yeltsin in Hospital Again -叶利钦再次住院,C.The translation of rhetorical devices,1. Alliteration and rhyme (1)This Week: Forgive And Forget (alliteration) 本周要闻：乞求原谅和遗忘的明星们 (2)Fears for Spears (rhyme) 小甜甜布兰妮的烦心事,2. Metaphor (1) Middle East:：A Cradle of Terror 中东-恐怖主义的摇篮 (2) Russian Reform:：Old Wine in New Bottle 俄罗斯改革-新瓶装陈酒,3 Pun ， 巧妙使用同形异义词(homonym)或同音异义词(homophone) (1) Soccer Kicks off with Violence 足球开踢 , 拳打脚踢 (2) “Age” a Tired Retread of Reality Dating Formula 速配节目滥用“年龄牌”,4. Allusion (1) Liberty Is the True Mother of Invention -自由是发明之母 (2) Measure for Measure - 一报还一报,5. Exaggeration (1) Vow to Zip His Lips -誓将守口如瓶 (2) Decision and Division. -判决和分歧,D. Translation in terms of the grammar features,The linguistic characteristics of the English news headline in the grammar are also displayed in omission, unique usage of tense, voice and non-predicate verbs as well. Usually, general present is used to express past, infinitive refers to the future, present participle expresses the occurring matter, and passive voice is frequently expressed directly only by the verb past participle without linking verb.,1. Omission,(1) Pompeii Reported Seriously Damaged （=Pompeii Is Reported to Have Been Seriously Damaged ) -据报道庞培遗址已严重损毁(omitting auxiliary verb) (2) Forecast of Mexican Quake Accurate, But Ignored (=The Forecast of Mexican Quake Is Accurate, But It Is Ignored) -墨西哥地震预报准确,但未被重视(omitting article, relative verb and pronoun),2. Present tense expresses past,(1) A Ground War Begins. -场地面战争打响了. (2) UC Journalism Suffers Rough Year in Credibility. -年来美国新闻界信誉下降.,3. Infinitive refers to future:,(1) Noppon Steel to Hold down Production 日铁将降低产景. (2) US to Ease Technology Sale to China. 美将简化对华科技销售.,4. Present participle expresses present or future:,(1) Yugoslav Pianist Stirring Music World -南斯拉夫钢琴家震动乐坛 (2) Deposits, Loans Rising in HK. -存贷款额在港回升.,5. The past participle refers to the voice:,(1) US Car Makers Viewed as Threat by Europeans -美国汽车制造商被欧洲人视为威胁 (2) Coverage Denied. -拒绝提供保险,The key to deal with the tense and voice in title lies in conforming to the goal languages custom and keeping the titles characteristics.,. 英汉标题的互译技巧,直译 意译 增词法 省略法 添加注释性词语,FAO and OECE Predict Rising Demand for Food from China New iPhone App Improves the Chance of Survival for Heart Attack Victims Rethinking 'Good' Cholesterol; PSA Test Debate,Exercise:,FAO and OECE Predict Rising Demand for Food from China 粮农组织和经合组织预计中国粮食进口需求不断增长 New iPhone App Improves the Chance of Survival for Heart Attack Victims 提高心脏病患者生存机会的新iPhone应用程序 Rethinking 'Good' Cholesterol; PSA Test Debate 有益胆固醇和PSA测试受到质疑,Thank you !,