开放教育英语本科专业必修课英语综合实践课程.ppt

开放教育英语(本科)专业必修课 英语综合实践课程,主讲：王薇（讲师）,阅读理解基本技能,能够综合运用英语语言基本知识：英语词汇、语法和文体知识 词汇是核心，是文章构成的基础；语法是组词造句的结构，是文章构成的必要条件；问题是连句成章的手段，使文章丰富多彩。词汇、语法和文体知识的关系如下图所示：,文体,语法,词汇,阅读理解基本技能, 能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节 在设计考题时，五个题目中最多只有一个题目考查文章的中心思想，二至三题考查主要内容，一至二题考查细节。对于细节的理解，很大程度上取决于词汇、语法和文体知识的熟练掌握。 具备根据上下文把握词义的能力；理解上下文的逻辑关系 出题方式有两种：一种是指出哪一个选项正确表达了文中某个词的意义，另一种是通过考核某个细节检查考生是否理解了某一个词语。这两种出题方式一般都涉及大纲中比较难记的词和“超纲词”。 能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论 文章中作者的看法和意图并不都是明确用文字表达出来的，许多地方隐含了作者的真实意图。这种理解是和语言使用的场景和语境（上下文）分不开的。,阅读理解基本技能, 能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等作出简单的分析和判断 考生需要对文章结构进行分析，判断出事件发生的前因后果、叙事顺序、论点和论据的排列关系等，根据文章的整体理解，分析和判断出作者的整体态度、观点和意图。,中心思想,主要内容,细节,推测词义,判断和推论,文章结构和 作者态度,易,易,难,Test 1 : Reading (Passage One) p55,1. Coca-cola company changed the formula in 1985 because _. A. it led the soft drink industry in the market B. its market studies supported the change in the formula C. it carried out market research for expansion D. it simply felt the need to make the change 2. According to the passage, the drinkers rejected New Coke because of _. A. the late response to the market by Coca-cola company B. the reproduction of Coca-cola's old drink formula C. a strong dislike by Coca-cola's regular drinkers D. the emotional relationship between the drinkers and the old soft drink,Test 1 : Reading (Passage One),3. The product Coca-cola was believed to stand for _. A. traditional values and good memories B. traditional customs and happy days C. past honors and efficient management D. top quality and wonderful taste 4. Which of the following statements is true? A. Research by Coca-cola considered emotional factors. B. Coca-cola did little research before they made the change. C. Research by Coca-cola was quantitative rather than qualitative. D. Research by Coca-cola was both quantitative and qualitative.,Test 1 : Reading (Passage One),5. The author of the article clearly indicates that _. A. the weakness of the research could have been removed B. Coca-cola should have measured the quantitative factors more carefully C. Coca-cola should have done a more extensive qualitative study D. A slower change of the product might have improved the sales of the company,Test 1 : Reading (Passage One),1 In 1985, the Coca-cola company made the decision to change the formula of its leading soft drink. The change was based on the findings of many market studies. These studies had shown that the general response to the new product was good. However, the change of the traditional Coca-cola by New Coke was rejected by the majority of drinkers. In fact, the company had to step back and restart production of the old formula of Coca-cola. 2 The most important reason why New Coke was rejected was the emotional relationship that existed between drinkers and the old soft drink formula. Drinking Coca-cola had become a tradition for many people over its 99 years of existence. The change made by the company was not only in Coke's formula but also in the traditional values and memories that it represented to the drinkers. “We had taken away more than the product Coca-cola. We had taken away a little part of them and their past.” The drinkers rejected this “improvement”, because “they believed that Coke stood for traditional value. so they felt betrayed when the product changed completely overnight”.,Test 1 : Reading (Passage One),3 Although a lot of research was done by Coca-cola company, it didn't show the depth of drinkers' emotion for the product. The studies took many forms, but none of the tests was able to measure the degree of personal and emotional reactions caused by the disappearance of the old, traditional Coca-cola. The weakness of the research was that it was mainly quantitative in form. The result was only numbers that could not show the deep meaning the product had for many people. A more extensive study focusing on the qualitative aspects of the change would perhaps have been able to demonstrate the close relationship existing between drinkers and product.,Test 1 : Reading (Passage One),1. 正确答案：B 【解析】第一段第二和第三句话 “The change was based on the findings of many market studies. These studies had shown that the general response to the new product was good”，故选B。 2. 正确答案：D 【解析】第二段第一句 “ was the emotional relationship that existed between drinkers and the old soft drink formula”，故选D。 3. 正确答案：A 【解析】第二段第三句 “ but also in the traditional values and memories”，故选A。 4. 正确答案：C 【解析】第三段第三句话 “ it was mainly quantitative in form”，故选C。 5. 正确答案：C 【解析】全文的最后一句提供答案C。,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two) p57,6. The followings are mentioned in Paragraph 1 EXCEPT that _. A.“My Wife Is a Gangster” and “Phone”are the most stunningly good movies B. Since 1999 filmmakers in South Korea have begun to attract attention C. More and more Korea films have been played in the cinemas D. Korea tourism is more and more prosperous 7. According to the second paragraph, the following statements are true EXCEPT that _. A. “A Tale of Two Sisters”, like “My Wife Is a Gangster”, is a horror film B. The movies have brought South Korea international attention C. South Korea is paving way for the center of Asia's film market D. DreamWorks is a film company in America,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two),8. According to the third paragraph, the following statements are true EXCEPT that_. A. Some of Asia's moviemakers are envious of South Korea B. The Pusan Film Festival is called as Cannes East C. A one-stop service is special in the Pusan Film Festival D. The Hong Kong's films were prosperous in the 1970s and '80s 9. The annual receipts of Korean films ranked as_ in Asia. A. the first B. the second C. the third D. the fifth,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two),10. What will the next paragraph discuss about according to the last paragraph? A. Reasons of the Korean film revival. B. The films that will be shot. C. The theaters that are booming. D. A film culture in South Korea.,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two),1 Hollywood no longer rules South Korean cinema, which is breaking out all over. Since 1999 Seoul filmmakers have been turning out Asia's first critically applauded films, and “My Wife Is a Gangster” and “Phone” are the most stunningly good examples. In the way Americans tour Hollywood, Asians visit Korea to see sites featured in their favorite movies. 2 Korea once looked to America for idea, but now the reverse is true. Hollywood is snapping up remake rights to dozens of Korean films. Madonna's Maverick Films is remaking the horror film “Phone”. And DreamWorks recently bought the rights to another horror film “A Tale of Two Sisters.” To capitalize on all the attention, South Korea has moved aggressively to cast itself as the center of Asia's film market.,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two),3 The Seoul government and industry leaders are working to rank the Pusan Film Festival as Cannes（戛纳）East, the festivals where deals get done, a one-stop place where moviemakers can shop for financing, exports, even location. In preparation for the next Pusan Festival this fall, delegations from Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and all over Asia have been flocking to Seoul to study the Korean film revival. “We look at Korea with an envious eye,” says one of Hong Kong moviemakers, “Filmmakers and audiences have found a real vibes (i.e. good atmosphere) between them, like in the 1970s and '80s in Hong Kong.” 4 The Korean film industry, however, is still uphill struggle on the way. The annual receipts of Korean films ($580 million) are gaining on those of Asia's largest film industry: India ($820 million) and Japan ($1.93 billion). Yet, Seoul financial markets still tend to see movies as cultural venture, rather than a business. As a moviemaking company in Korea, yet KangJeGyu Films had to team up with another filmmaker and an auto-manufacturer in a new company in order to win a listing on the stock market last year.,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two),5 Despite the restriction, Korean films are capturing a rising share of the local and even Asian markets. The lesson of the Korean revival is that money should be invested both into films and into comprehensive theaters that can sustain a film culture.,Test 1: Reading (Passage Two),6. 正确答案：D 【解析】第一段提到了A，B，和C，故选D。 7. 正确答案：A 【解析】第二段第一和第二句说明韩国电影已经引起世界的关注（B是正确的）。从第二段第三句话 “And Dream Works recently bought the rights to another“可以知道D是正确的。此段最后一句说明韩国正在努力成为亚洲电影中心，因此C是正确的。第一段和第二段都没有提到 “My Wife is a Gangster“是horror film，因此答案是A。 8. 正确答案：B 【解析】第三段的第一句：“The Seoul government and industry leaders are working to rank the Pusan (釜山-城市名)Film Festival as Cannes（戛纳）East”，表明釜山电影节目前还不是东方戛纳电影节，官方正在做努力，因此答案是B。 9. 正确答案：C 【解析】第四段提到此信息：日本第一($1.93 billion)；印度第二($820 million)；韩国第三($580 million)。 10. 正确答案：D 【解析】从最后一段的最后一句话可以看出，正确答案是D。,Test 2: Reading (Passage One) p63,Test 2: Reading (Passage One) p63,Text 1 Things You Need to Know About Your Kitten and What Your Kitten Needs from You The more human contact the better-the sooner the better. Playtime isn't just fun for you - it's important for your pet's development. It's never too soon for your first visit to the veterinarian. Text 2 Getting to Know Your Library An informal event hosted by the University Library for New or Interested Academic and Research Staff. When: Wednesday March 23, 4.00pm - 5.00pm Where: Meeting Room Level 3, Library - Kensington Campus Rsvp: s.towle unsw.edu.au; 9385 1247,Test 2: Reading (Passage One) p63,Text 3 Events Saturday, April 21, 2007 Chicago Children's Theatre Annual Gala A benefit enjoyed by the whole family At the Big Top in Grant Park's Butler Field Festivities & Dinner under gala party tents in Millennium Park Text 4 Mothers Day Special Buy a gift subscription to 12 issues of Taste Italia for just 34.95, and we'll send a gift card to you and a bottle of Chianti Classico worth 9.99 from Oddbins to your mother - FREE! Text 5 Reno 911!: Miami The story of William Wilberforce, who spearheaded the abolition of slavery and the slave trade in 18th century England. As a Member of Parliament, Wilberforce (Ioan Gruffudd) did not .,Test 2: Reading (Passage One) p63,1. 正确答案：D 【解析】从第一篇短文的标题“Things You need to Know about Your Kitten”和正文的关键词中（kitten, pet's development）可以看出，这是一篇关于怎样养护宠物的文章，故选D。 2. 正确答案：B 【解析】从第二篇文章的关键词（An informal event, when, where等）以看出，这是一个发给学术研究人员的讲座通知，内容是关于图书馆的使用，故选B。 3. 正确答案：A 【解析】从第三篇文章的副标题“Chicago Childrens Theatre Annual Gala”以及正文中介绍的时间、地点等可以看出这是一个剧院举行儿童剧活动节的公告，故选A。 4. 正确答案：C 【解析】从第四篇短文的标题和正文的关键词，如Special, buy, for just ?34.95等，可以看出这是一篇母亲节促销美食杂志的广告，故选C。 5. 正确答案：E 【解析】从第五篇短文的关键词，如the story of who ，可以看出这是文艺作品的概要，正文最后一句出现了Wilberforce (Ioan Gruffudd)，指的是由演员Ioan Gruffudd扮演的Wilberforce，显示出这种文艺形式是戏剧或电影，故选E。,Test 2: Reading (Passage Two) p64,6. According to the passage, the easiest way to remove global warming is . A. to encourage people to use renewable energies B. to cut down the cost of wind, hydro, solar and all living organisms C. to force people to pay more tax for the carbon content of power D. to talk less but act more 7. The standard of paying tax was _. A. that the more carbon content of power it contained, the higher tax one would pay B. that oil would be more expensive than clean coal C. that renewables would be most expensive of all D. in the order that renewables are the most expensive while clean coal the cheapest,Test 2: Reading (Passage Two),8. We can infer from the passage that carbon tax _. A. may not be as effective as people expect B. has encouraged renewable producers to cut costs C. has reduced consumption of the carbon content energy successfully D. couldn't be that effective if fossil fuels would not be forbidden 9. The word“crippling”(Para. 3) most probably means _. A. greatly increasing B. seriously weakening C. sharply declining D. abruptly halting,Test 2: Reading (Passage Two),10. The reason why many countries stopped introducing carbon tax eventually was mainly that _. A. governments had tried to put it into effect for many years but with no obvious result B. if one country made up the loss by paying the carbon tax, other countries would follow it C. governments were afraid of being suspected if they adopted the new tax D. governments had been discussing what to do with carbon tax for a long time, but they hadn't come to an agreement,Test 2: Reading (Passage Two),1 Remember global warming? Back in December, the threat of climate change was thundering and the rich countries agreed to cut their carbon-dioxide and other green-house-related emissions. Since then, interest has cooled markedly, and many European countries are already running away from the promises they made so loudly a few months ago. But there has been much talk, and a bit of action, to encourage renewable energies such as wind, hydro, solar and all living organisms. These emit no greenhouse gases, but tend to cost more than coal, oil or gas. 2 The better, simpler idea is to remember that the easiest way to reduce something is to tax it - in this case, by taxing the carbon content power. The dirtier the power, the more tax it would pay. So dirty coal would be more expensive than clean coal, which would see its price rise in relation to oil, which would be more expensive compared with gas, which would lose some of its price advantage over renewables.,Test 2: Reading (Passage Two),3 Unless a carbon tax was so huge as to be economically crippling, it would not remove the price differential between all renewables and fossil fuels. But it would narrow that gap, by fixing the differing environmental costs into the price - a useful principle in itself. It would also give renewable producers a strong incentive to cut costs, and fossil-fuel suppliers the motivation to clean their products. 4 Precedents suggest strongly that a carbon tax would be effective. But the disadvantage to carbon tax is political. After almost a decade of trying, the European Union gave up an attempt at a European carbon tax last year. Germany's ruling coalition is fighting against a proposed energy tax. In America, politicians believe that even mentioning the notion is certain death. But many of the political objections could be met if a carbon tax were made up for the loss elsewhere, for example by lowering payroll or sales taxes. There is always suspicion when governments come up with clever new ways to tax, and rightly so. The response to that suspicion should be to win the argument, not to abandon it.,Test 2: Reading (Passage Two),6. 正确答案：C 【解析】第一段指出，全球温室效应的产生，主要是由于大量使用含碳燃料；第二段指出，收取一定的税费是减少任何东西的最有效办法。对于治理威胁气候变化的含碳燃料来说，这种方法当然也适用。所以选C。 7. 正确答案：A 【解析】第二段说明了收税的标准是根据能源的碳含量来确定税率，含碳量越高，收取的税费就越高。所以A 符合题意。 8. 正确答案：A 【解析】第四段指出税费应该行之有效，但由于政治原因，它并没有像人们所期待的那样发挥应有的作用，所以A 符合题意。 9. 正确答案：B 【解析】“crippling”在此有“削弱”的意思，与B 一致。 10. 正确答案：C 【解析】第四段明确指出此种税收的不利条件是政治原因所导致的。各国政府并没有行之有效的推行碳税，因为一些政府通过减少其他税收作为碳税的补偿；一些政府甚至都不敢提及该税，因为他们害怕招致公众的怀疑。所以C 为正确答案。,Test 3: Reading (Passage One) p69,1. The author's way of treating her son _. A. is shared by many parents B. is encouraged by her mother C. proves to