南京理工大学机械原理Chapterintroductionpptppt课件.ppt
Mechanisms and Machine Theory (机械设计基础 I),School of Mechanical Engineering, NUST LIANG Yi 梁 医,lynnliangyi163.com 84315623 课件公共邮箱: schme_eprinciple126.com,QQ群:30273436,本课程的教学环节,1. 课堂讲授;,2. 课后作业和习题课;,3. 3个基础实验;,4. 综合训练环节; 撰写综述类小论文。,1) 机构运动简图的测绘; 2) 机构运动参数测定; 3) 刚性回转件的动平衡。,5. 课堂小测验;,6. 网上交流与讨论。,本课程成绩评定方法,综合成绩计算表,本课程参考文献,1. MECHANISMS AND MACHINE THEORY, Ye Zhonghe(叶仲和),Lan Zhaohui(蓝兆辉),M.R.Smith,HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS。 2. 机械设计基础(上),王华坤,范元勋,兵器工业出版社。 3. 机械原理,郑文纬,吴克坚,高等教育出版社。 4. 机械原理习题集,南京理工大学印制。,Chapter1 Introduction Chapter2 Structural Analysis of Planar Mechanisms Chapter3 Kinematic Analysis of Mechanisms Chapter4 Planar Linkage Mechanisms Chapter 5 Cam Mechanisms Chapter 6 Gear Mechanisms Chapter 7 Gear Trains Chapter 8 Other Mechanisms in Common Use Chapter 9 Balancing of Machinery Chapter 10 Motion of Mechanical Systems and Its Regulation Chapter 11 Efficiency of Machine,1.1 Study Object(研究对象) 1.2 Several Concepts About This Course 1.3 Study Content(研究内容) 1.4 Purpose(目的),1.1 Study Object:,Machine(机器),Mechanism(机构),Machinery(机械) Machine(机器) and Mechanism(机构):,heat energy from fuelmechanical energy of the crank,Single-cylinder Four-stroke Internal Combustion Engine (单缸四冲程内燃机),1 Cylinder 缸体 or Frame 机架,2 Piston 活塞 3 Coupler 连杆 4 Crank 曲柄 4' Pinion 小齿轮 4“ Flywheel飞轮 5 Gear 大齿轮 5' Inlet cam进气凸轮 5''Outlet cam排气凸轮 6 Inlet valve进气阀 7 Outlet valve排气阀,普通车床 Lathe,数控车床Numerical-controlled Lathe,美国西科斯基公司生产的B1ackHawk (黑鹰) Helicopter(直升机),Main Rotor,Tail Rotor,“神舟五号”(the 5th of Divine Boat )发射,机器(三个特征):,人为的实物组合(不是天然形成的);,各运动单元具有确定的相对运动;,必须能作有用功,完成物流、信息的传递及能量的转换。,What is Machine?,Machine(机器) is a mechanical system which can transmit or transform energy, materials or information.,机构:具有机器的前两个特征,What is Machanism?,人为的实物组合(不是天然形成的);,各运动单元具有确定的相对运动;,Mechanism(机构) is a basic system of links(构件) which can transform(转换) or transmit(传递) force and motion.,Examples of Mechanism,Slider-crank Gear Cam mechanism mechanism mechanism 曲柄滑块机构 齿轮机构 凸轮机构,Composition(组成) of machine,原动机-Prime Mover:机械动力的来源,如内燃机、蒸汽机、电动机等,一台典型的现代化机器是由四个部分组成的,即原动机、传动机构、执行机构和控制系统。,工作机Working Machine:能完成机械预期的动作,如机器人的手爪、起重机等,该机器人的手爪协调运动夹持球体实现任意运动,这是一种智能型机器人。,传动部分Transmission System:把原动机的运动和功率传递给工作机的中间环节,圆柱齿轮减速器 Reducing Device with Cylinder Gears,锥齿轮减速器 Reducing Device with Bevel Gears,自动控制部分(Automatic Control System) 用于实现机器执行机构之间的工作协调,或者各机器之间的工作协调。,1.2 Sevral Concepts About This Course,构件(Link) 零件(Machine Element) 主动件(Driving Member)输入构件 从动件(Driven Member)输出构件 机架(Frame),Link(构件)运动单元,The Basic Element in Kinematics Analysis,主动件(Driving Member)输入构件 驱动力(或力矩)所作用的构件,从动件(Driven Member)输出构件 随着原动构件的运动而运动的构件,机架(Frame)机构中相对不动的构件,Machine Element(零件)制造单元 the Basic Element of Manufacture(制造),构件可由一个或几个零件组成。,机构:能实现预期的机械运动的各构件(包括机架)的基本组合体。,1.3 Study Content(研究内容),Analysis (分析)and synthesis(综合)most content of the lesson,结构和运动学(kinematics),动力学(kinetics dynamics),分析运动规律。,机构的组成;,机构运动的可能性和确定性;,力运动的关系·F=ma 功能,Analysis,要求:解决二类问题:,分析(Analysis) :结构分析,运动分析,动力分析,综合(Synthesis ):运动要求,功能要求,设计 新的机器。,Synthesis (综合) is the process of determining only the kinematics dimensions of a mechanism required to produce a particular (特定的) motion.,1.4 Purpose,It is hoped that, after studying this textbook, the student will grasp the basic theory and obtain the basic knowledge and skills needed in mechanisms synthesis (综合) and kinematic(运动学的) and dynamic(动力学的) analysis of machinery.,The knowledge to be obtained from this textbook is therefore fundamental(基本的) in analyzing existing(现有的) machines and designing new ones.,The Basis Courses 先修课程: Higher Mathematics 高等数学 Physics 普通物理 Mechanical Drawing 机械制图 Rational Mechanics 理论力学 etc.,CONCEPTS: Machine(机器) Mechanism(机构) Link(构件) Machine Element(零件) Frame(机架) Driving Member(原动件) Driven Member(从动件),Attentions (本章重点),The END of Chapter 1,