工程硕士研究生英语基础教程ppt课件.ppt

1,工程硕士研究生英语基础教程,Unit 2,2,Table of Contents,1. Text 2. Exercise 3. Part B: Grammar 4. Part C,3,Text A: Future of Net Economy,By Pete Dowden,4,1 As we have entered the new century, human society is beginning its move from the industrial economy into the knowledge-based economy. In more specific terms, the application of information to the economy is best exemplified in the networking of communication, or the so-called Net economy. This Net refers to the computer network of satellites, optic fibers, cables and telephone lines that connect the whole world.,5,1当我们步入新世纪的时候，人类社会正开始由工业经济向知识型经济转变。具体地说，经济中信息的应用主要是反映在通讯的网络化，也就是所谓的网络经济。该网络就是指由卫星、光纤、电缆和电话线路将世界各个角落连接在一起的电脑网络。,6,1 With the click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. Generally, there are two aspects of the Net. One is the networking between businesses and their customers. The other is the networking between individual businesses, or the regional and even global networking between industrial production and scientific research. Internet shopping belongs to the first aspect.,7,1 只要用鼠标一点，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。网络化大致可分成两个方面：其一是企业与客户之间的网络化。另外一个则是企业间的网络化，或者是工业生产和科学研究之间的地区性甚至全球性的网络化。网上购物就属于第一个方面。,8,2 From a long-term perspective, Internet shopping is but a low-level aspect of the Net, and it is not likely to become the most important trend. After all, most merchandise is unsuitable for Internet shopping. Besides, if everyone shops on the Net, what will happen to the hundreds and thousands of shopping malls?,9,2从长远来看，网上购物仅仅是低层次的网络化，未必会成为最主要的趋向。毕竟大多数商品并不适合于网上购物。此外，如果大家都在网上购物，那么成千上万的购物中心该怎么办呢？,10,2 Therefore, the second aspect of the Net will be more important. Its significance goes beyond that of connecting businesses. There have been reports of simultaneous consultation of doctors from all over the world on the Internet. These are early examples of high-level networking.,11,2 所以说，网络化的第二个方面将更加重要。它的重要性远远超过了商务联络。媒体曾报道过世界各地的医生利用国际互联网同时会诊。这些是高层次网络化的初期例子。,12,3 It is estimated that the new interaction between computers and Net technology will have significant influence on the industry of the future. The sheer power of electronic commerce (e-commerce) will change the face of trade dramatically. Sporting goods company Puma was on the verge of bankruptcy back in 1992. From 1993, Puma began to diffuse its production, logistics and marketing divisions to 80 Net enterprises worldwide, and the results were spectacular.,13,3有人预测，新的电脑和网络技术的结合将会对未来工业产生巨大的影响。电子商务的惊人威力会使贸易发生巨变。彪马体育用品公司在1992年已濒临破产。1993年起，彪马公司开始把生产、后勤和销售分散到全世界80个电脑联网企业，结果业绩斐然。,14,3 Puma was transformed from a sickly feline into a magnificent beast. The reason for this transformation is that intra and inter-business electronic links greatly increase the efficiency of production, planning, the collecting of information and data exchange. As the business is rapidly being rationalized, production figures go up while costs come down.,15,3 彪马从一只病猫变成一头真正的猛兽。其原因就是企业内部和企业之间的电子网络极大地提高了生产、规划、信息收集以及数据交换的效率。由于业务迅速合理化，生产数量得到了提高，而同时成本也随之降低。,16,4 The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of “electronic currency“. With the emergence of a phantom electronic currency, everyone of us would be affected. At the moment, developed areas in Europe, the United States and Asia have already started studying the possibility of an electronic currency. Electronic currency is not only about currency. It refers to an entire finance system on the Net. It includes a virtual numeric currency, an electronic system of withdrawals, transfers and loans, and Smartcards (electronic purses) of all shapes and sizes.,17,4电子商务的发展很可能会把世界带进一个“电子货币“的崭新时代。幽灵般的电子货币的出现会影响我们每一个人。目前欧美和亚洲的发达地区都已经开始了对电子货币可行性的研究。电子货币不单指钱币，而是泛指网上一个完整的金融系统。它包括一种虚拟的数字钱币、一套电子出纳转帐借贷系统以及各种形状和大小的智能卡（电子钱包）。,18,4 The appearance of an electronic currency system implies the emergence of “virtual banks“ and “virtual enterprises“. Actually, the rudimentary beginnings of a virtual bank appeared in the US in 1995 as the Security First Network Bank, the world's first Internet bank. Although it is a small and insignificant bank, it represents the trend of the future. In time to come, we may even have to abandon the familiar paper currency.,19,4 电子货币系统的出现意味着“虚拟银行“和“虚拟企业“的出现。其实，这种虚拟银行的雏形早在1995年就已经在美国出现。它的名称是“安全第一网络银行“，堪称世界第一家国际互联网银行。虽然它只是一家微不足道的银行，但是它却代表了未来的趋势。到了那个时候，我们也许真的不得不告别我们已经习惯了的纸币。,20,5 As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Net market forward, resulting in the Internet itself becoming the world's largest emerging market. Of course, this is just the beginning. Although there are many companies which made huge profits investing in the Internet market, they tend to be small companies, like Yahoo. To date, most companies are making losses. The Net and e-commerce will foster a large number of free-lancers, and this will affect social structure in a big way.,21,5当网络化高速地推动经济的时候，经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展。其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。当然这还仅仅是个开始。尽管在国际互联网市场上投资的许多公司都赚了大钱，但它们通常是小公司，比如雅虎。迄今为止，多数公司还是赔钱的。网络化和电子商务的发展将会造就大批的自由职业者，从而将对社会结构产生深远影响。,22,5 The competition for technological superiority in the era of the knowledge-based economy will also be more intense. This will definitely promote greater (even global) and more efficient cooperation to maintain competitiveness. The highly efficient research and development work conducted on the worldwide Net are best suited for small and medium enterprises to band together and break the monopolies of the “giants“.,23,5 在知识型经济的时代，科技领先的竞争也会变得更激烈。这必定会促进更大（甚至是全球范围内）更卓有成效的合作，以保持竞争力。全球网络化的高效率研究及开发工作对中小型企业联合起来打破“巨人“的垄断是最适合不过的了。,24,Language Study,25,Language Study,26,Language Study,27,Language Study,28,Language Study,29,Language Study,30,EXERCISES,I. Reading Comprehension II. Getting Information III. Vocabulary And Structure A B C IV. Translation A B Grammar Ex.1 Ex.2,31,READING COMPREHENSION,1-5: CDDAB,32,GETTING INFORMATION,OMITTED,33,VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE: A,foster intense To date superiority promote on the verge of trend perspective emergence medium,34,VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE: B,significant connection transformation withdraw rational efficient superiority emergence promote coopeation,35,VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE: C,on to to to for from into At ahead together,36,Translation:英译汉,1.只要用鼠标一点，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。 2.此外，如果大家都在网上购物，那么成千上万的购物中心该怎么办呢？ 3.电子商务的惊人威力会使贸易发生巨变。 4.电子商务的发展很可能会把世界带进一个“电子货币“的崭新时代。 5.当网络化高速地推动经济的时候，经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展。其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。,37,Translation:汉译英_1,She is very likely to ring me tonight. Understanding this article is beyond my capacity. A fresh coat of paint can transform a room. Acting before thinking always results in failure. He estimated that the work would take three months.,38,Translation:汉译英_2,6. We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries. 7. The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region. 8. Net economy will have significant influence on the peoples life. 9. At yesterdays meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development. 10. To date, they havent found the wrecked fishing boat.,39,Part C,40,1,41,1,42,2,43,2,44,3,45,3,46,4,47,4,48,5,49,5,50,6,51,6,52,7,53,7,54,8,55,8,56,9,57,9,58,10,59,10,60,11,61,11,62,11,63,11,64,12,65,12,66,13,67,13,68,14,69,14,70,Language Study,71,Assignment,Preview Unit 3,