BS 6037-2-2004 永久性安装的入口设备的规划、设计、安装和使用的实施规程.移动梯和龙门吊.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS 6037-2:2004 Code of practice for the planning, design, installation and use of permanently installed access equipment Part 2: Travelling ladders and gantries ICS 53.020.99 ? BS 6037-2:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 16 September 2004 © BSI 16 September 2004 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference B/514/39 Draft for comment 04/30092680 DC ISBN 0 580 44352 3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee, B/514, Access and support equipment to B/514/39, Suspended access equipment, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Technical Lighting and Access Specialists Construction Industry Training Board Health and Safety Executive National Access and Scaffolding Confederation Safety Assessment Federation Limited Society of Operations Engineers Suspended Access Equipment Manufacturers Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments BS 6037-2:2004 © BSI 16 September 2004 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Forewordii Introduction1 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Terms and definitions2 4Identifying hazards and taking preventative action2 5Planning and exchange of information4 6Health and Safety5 7Attachment of the TLG to the building6 8Track system7 9Design recommendations for TLGs8 10Ancillary features of TLGs12 11Protection against lightning13 12Electrical systems13 13Hydraulic and pneumatic systems13 14Control systems14 15Safety devices14 16Marking14 17Commissioning, verification and handover15 18Responsibilities of the duty holder15 19Instructions for use16 20Provision of notices17 21Training and instruction17 22Inspections, maintenance, thorough examinations and testing17 23Record keeping20 24Changes to the TLG20 Bibliography21 Table 1 Hazards encountered when installing, maintaining and using TLGs, and recommended actions3 Table 2 Safe use of TLGs6 BS 6037-2:2004 ii© BSI 16 September 2004 Foreword Technical Committee B/514/39 has prepared this part of BS 6037. This part of BS 6037 covers the planning, design, installation and use of travelling ladders and gantries. As a code of practice this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. It has been assumed in the preparation of this standard that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people for whose use it has been produced. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 21 and a back cover The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6037-2:2004 © BSI 16 September 2004 1 Introduction It is increasingly common for modern commercial office buildings to incorporate an atrium and/or a glazed corridor, glazed entrance or roof that requires special provision for continuing maintenance access. Modern shopping malls also often incorporate extensive, high-level glazed roofs which are difficult to access using mobile equipment. The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 (CDM Regulations) 1 require that all façades and other items that require periodic access are designed and positioned so that they can be accessed safely. To keep these often large and inaccessible areas of glass clean and also to provide safe access for the routine maintenance of items such as lights and smoke detectors, these buildings should be provided with some form of permanently installed appliance, which could be in the form of a travelling ladder or gantry, sometimes used in conjunction with a suspended platform. It is essential that the requirements for permanently installed access equipment be considered at an early stage in the building design process. The dimensions and capability of any travelling ladder or gantry need to be appropriate for the nature of the task(s) to be performed. The installation can be manually or power operated or a combination of both. It should be noted that working at height can expose workers and other persons in the vicinity to particularly severe risks to their health and safety, in particular the risk of falling from height, falling objects and other serious occupational accidents. 1 Scope This part of BS 6037 gives recommendations for the planning, design, installation, use, examination, maintenance and testing of permanently installed travelling ladders and gantries (TLGs) including equipment installed on a building to facilitate routine maintenance of the building fabric and its services. It is intended for those involved in specifying, designing, managing the use of, maintaining and examining such equipment. This standard does not cover TLG systems designed for heavy duty and industrial applications such as underbridge gantries or gantries for industrial processes. Where TLGs are intended to be used in conjunction with suspended access equipment (SAE), this code of practice is supplemented by BS EN 1808:1999 and BS 6037-1:2003. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS 449-2, Specification for the use of structural steel in building Part 2: Metric units. BS 4211, Specification for ladders for access to chimneys, other high structures, silos and bins. BS 5268-2, Structural use of timber Part 2: Code of practice for permissible stress design, materials and workmanship. BS 5395-3:1985, Stairs, ladders and walkways Part 3: Code of practice for the design of industrial type stairs, permanent ladders and walkways. BS 5950 (all parts), Structural use of steelwork in building. BS 6037-1:2003, Code of practice for the planning, design, installation and use of permanently installed access equipment Part 1: Suspended access equipment. BS 7671, Requirements for electrical installations IEE Wiring Regulations. BS 7883, Code of practice for application and use of anchor devices conforming to BS EN 795. BS 8110 (all parts), Structural use of concrete. BS 8118 (all parts), Structural use of aluminium. BS EN 795, Protection against falls from height Anchor devices Requirements and testing. w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6037-2:2004 2© BSI 16 September 2004 BS EN 1808:1999, Safety requirements on suspended access equipment Design calculations, stability criteria, construction Tests. BS EN 60204-1, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements. BS EN 60947-3, Specification for low-voltage switchgear and control gear Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of BS 6037, the terms and definitions given in BS 6037-1:2003, BS EN 1808:1999 and the following apply. 3.1 gantry workplace with a continuous footway or treads and inclined to the horizontal at an angle of 65º or less 3.2 ladder workplace with rungs or treads and inclined to the horizontal at an angle of more than 65º 3.3 travelling ladder and/or gantry TLG purpose designed mobile workplace supported by or running on rails, beams or prepared tracks, designed specifically to provide access for operatives to carry out cleaning and maintenance tasks on a building or similar structure and for no other purpose 4 Identifying hazards and taking preventative action 4.1 Design stage Travelling ladders and gantries are required to conform to the Machinery Directive (98/37/EC) 2, which sets machinery design requirements to protect the health and safety of users. At an early stage in the design of the building, a risk assessment should be carried out in order to identify the access requirements and minimize the potential hazards for the user of a TLG. NOTEIt is a legal requirement under the CDM Regulations 1994 1 that a risk assessment is carried out at this stage. 4.2 Installation, use and maintenance The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 3 require that a risk assessment is carried out before a TLG is put into use. Site-specific hazards and hazardous situations should be identified and the actions required to eliminate or reduce the associated risks should be incorporated in the risk assessment. A permit-to-work system should be put in place to cover all planned operation, maintenance, testing and thorough examination of the TLG. NOTEGuidance on producing permit-to-work systems is given in the HSE publication Permit-to-work systems 1998 4. A list of the more common hazards encountered when using permanently installed TLGs and the actions which should be taken to eliminate or reduce them, is given in Table 1. Under no circumstances should this list be considered exhaustive. A method statement should be prepared covering the operation of the TLG. The method statement should include the findings of the risk assessment and the measures required to control or eliminate risk. All operators should be made aware of the findings of the risk assessment and given adequate training and instruction prior to operating or maintaining the TLG (see Clause 19). w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6037-2:2004 © BSI 16 September 2004 3 Table 1 Hazards encountered when installing, maintaining and using TLGs, and recommended actions HazardAction ExposureSuitable protective clothing should be worn (see 6.4). During severe weather conditions, for example if the work area is icy or during very strong winds, work should not be undertaken and operators should report to the duty holder. Hazardous situation arising from unauthorized use of the equipment Operators should obtain a permit to work (see 4.2). Hazardous situation arising from other work being carried out in the vicinity Operators should obtain a permit to work and authorization from the duty holder prior to commencing work (see 4.2). Falling or trippingOperators should follow prescribed safe route(s) of access and egress (see 6.2). Where there is inadequate roof edge protection, safety anchors and/or safety lines and safety harnesses should be used. Suitable, marked anchorage points should be provided on the working platform to permit the attachment of harnesses. SlippingAlgae and other hazardous materials should be removed from all access and egress routes and working areas. Injury to passers by from falling objects Loose objects and tools should be secured with lanyards. Warning notices or barriers should be erected below the workplace (see Clause 20). Persons stranded on the TLG Operators should receive training in the safe use of the TLG and should follow the correct procedures as given in the operating instructions. Operators should be supplied with a means of communication between the TLG and a competent person. Rescue/recovery procedures should be planned in advance. Damage to power cablesPower cables should be of adequate length to allow for movement of the TLG and should be routed such that they cannot become severed or damaged by movement of the TLG. Electric shockOnly competent persons should have access to the electrical circuitry of the TLG. The TLG should be switched off or isolated before any maintenance work is carried out on it (see Clause 12 and Clause 22). The mains power supply should be provided with a residual current device (RCD). Injury resulting from maloperation or malfunction of the TLG Operators should receive training/instruction in the safe use of the TLG and should follow the correct procedures as given in the operating instructions. All limit switches and safety devices should be operational at all times and checked at appropriate intervals to ensure they are fit for use (see Clause 12 and Clause 22). Collision of TLGs with scenic lifts or mobile devices installed on the same building or neighbouring buildings Suitable interlocks or controls should be provided and the work planned to remove any danger of the TLG colliding with the scenic lifts or mobile devices. w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6037-2:2004 4© BSI 16 September 2004 5 Planning and exchange of information 5.1 Planning The CDM Regulations 1994 1 require building designers to provide a safe means of access for activities such as ongoing inspection, cleaning and maintenance of a building. A permanent installation can affect the structure, layout and fenestration of a building and the access requirements should therefore be considered during the preliminary design stage. NOTE 1Significant financial savings and design advantages can result from an early consideration of access requirements. Once the design of a building has been finalized it can be very difficult to make changes to enable installation of TLGs to be carried out (see 7.4). The preliminary design for any travelling ladders and gantries should be based on advice and guidance concerning the various types of system available and should, therefore, be prepared by a competent person. The dimensions and characteristics of the TLG should be appropriate for the nature of the task(s) to be performed. The general planning details should be settled at the earliest possible stage by detailed investigation by and agreement between, the building designer and the manufacturer or supplier of the TLG and the results incorporated in the technical file for the building. NOTE 2This agreement will be necessary to enable the TLG to be CE marked (see BS 6307-1:2003, Annex A). The prime responsibility to ensure that access for building maintenance is safe lies with the duty holder. Persons involved in the planning and exchange of information should include: a) duty holder; b) equipment manufacturer or supplier; c) architect or designer; d) structural engineer; e) planning supervisor; f) principal contractor; g) local authority; h) client. Persons involved in the planning and exchange of information can vary from one installation to another and can include persons not mentioned in the above list which should therefore not be assumed to be exhaustive. 5.2 Exchange of information 5.2.1 Information for the manufacturer or supplier The architect or designer of the building should provide information to the manufacturer or supplier of the TLG on such matters as: a) the purpose(s) for which the TLG is to be