BS EN 12674-3 2004 滚动集装箱.第3部分检测方法.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12674-3:2004 Roll containers Part 3: Test methods The European Standard EN 12674-3:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 55.180.10 ? Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12674-3:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 March 2007 © BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 50382 5 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 12674-3:2004, incorporating corrigendum May 2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW/0, Packaging. A list of organizations represented on PKW/0 can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 12674-3 October 2004 ICS 55.180.10 English version Roll containers - Part 3: Test methods Conteneurs à roulettes - Partie 3: Méthodes d'essaiRollbehälter - Teil 3: Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 August 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12674-3:2004: E Incorporating corrigendum May 2006 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1. Scope 5 2. Normative references5 3. Terms and definitions .5 4. Test methods6 Annex A (informative) Side frame mid-height impact tests20 Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12674-3:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2005. This draft document is part of a series of 4 documents for roll containers, other parts are titled as follows: Roll containers - Part 1: Terminology Roll containers - Part 2: General design and safety principles Roll containers - Part 4: Performance requirements According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 4 Introduction Roll containers and dollies are equipment intended for moving goods. They comprise apparatus fitted with wheels and/or castors. For roll containers the superstructure comprises two or more frames which provide retention for items requiring transportation and/or distribution. Dollies can be supplied in a variety of materials and additionally roll containers are supplied in four main styles. One of these styles, the Nesting style, is further sub-divided into five derived forms and the Demountable style is sub-divided into 2 derived forms. Part 1 of this document, Terminology, gives details of how these styles differ. Part 2 - General design and safety principles gives methods of measuring working dimensions and aspects of design that manufacturers need to be aware of. The test methods given in this Part 3 are supported by performance levels in Part 4 which take account of the normal static and dynamic loads applied in use. This Part 3 of the document sub-divides into 3 classes of tests. Clause 4.2 contains the main safety and performance tests for complete roll containers or dollies. Clause 4.3 contains tests on component parts of roll containers and dollies and is intended for quality control purposes. Annex A (informative) covers tests requiring further industry development, which are not yet sufficiently defined to go into the normative section. In general the earlier tests are intended to be the most stringent in order to achieve early failure in inadequate roll container or dolly designs to cut down on time of design and development. As these tests are type tests and not proof tests, untested roll containers are used for each test rather than risking accumulated damage affecting subsequent results. This will result in a better understanding of weak design features and the exact mechanical cause of each failure. There is no intention in this document to test for the effects of long-term roll container or dolly wear by using extended or cyclic repeat tests other than the tests in 4.3 on steel welds where the principal objective is to examine fatigue. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 5 1. Scope This document covers the load testing of roll containers and dollies for safety, fitness for purpose and the development of new designs. All designs, styles and derived forms of roll containers and dollies intended for fitment of sides or not are subject to certain of the tests in Part 3, as stipulated in Part 4. Also included in the scope are roll containers partly made from non-metallic materials, such as plastic or plywood. Dollies are subject to a more limited range of these tests as stipulated in Part 4. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12674-1:1999, Roll containers - Part 1: Terminology 3. Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12674-1:1999 and the following apply. 3.1 line of tilt, axis in the horizontal plane about which an unstable roll container or dolly will eventually topple (shown as xx in Figure 2) 3.2 angle of tilt angle measured against the major horizontal axis of the length or width (as defined in Part 2) of the roll container and the line of tilt (shown as in Figure 2) 3.3 angle of inclination angle in a vertical plane, normal to the line of tilt, at which the roll container becomes unstable and topples sideways (shown as in Figures 1a and 1b) 3.4 optimum castor start position orientation with the castor arranged in the normal trailing (running) position 3.5 transverse 90 castor start position orientation with the castor arranged at 90 degrees to the trailing (running) position NOTE This will be pointing outwards on the right hand side of a roll container, inwards on the left hand side of a roll container 3.6 adverse castor start position orientation with the castor arranged at 180 degrees to the trailing (running) position 3.7 transverse 270 castor start position orientation with the castor arranged at 270 degrees to the trailing (running) position Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 6 NOTE This will be pointing inwards on the right hand side of a roll container, outwards on the left hand side of a roll container 3.8 castor swivel axis vertical axis around which the castor fork rotates extracted from EN 12526 : 1998, Castors and wheels - Vocabulary, recommended symbols and multilingual dictionary NOTE The convention for positive angular rotation is an anti-clockwise direction when viewed from above the swivel axis. 3.9 geometric centre centre point in plan elevation generated by an imaginary line from the opposite internal corners of the base 3.10 vertical axis central vertical axis of a roll container or dolly passing through the geometric centre 4. Test methods 4.1 General Each test shall be carried out on a new undamaged roll container. All tests, except where required otherwise in Part 4, shall be conducted at (20 to 25) °C. Tilting angles shall be measured to an accuracy of 0,5 degrees, test loads to an accuracy of within 3 % of maximum load applied and deflections or distortions to an accuracy of ± 0,5 mm. The tolerance on dimension of fixed stops and hazards shall be ± 2 mm and the positioning of test loads needed for testing, load applicators and spreader bars shall be to an accuracy of ± 5 mm. Unless otherwise stated here, or in Part 4, all applied test loads are based on a roll container or dolly payload of 250 kg. Where loads are applied to specimens, the minimum deflection readings shall be taken as follows: test commencement at zero load, full load, zero load immediately after the loading cycle has terminated. 4.2 Tests on roll containers - complete assembled 4.2.1 Stability test b a W ßF Figure 1b Stability test forward ßR b a 45º c W Figure 1a Stability test - right Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 7 4.2.1.1 Purpose To determine the maximum angle of tilt the roll container or dolly can resist without toppling, when unloaded in 4 directions then loaded in 4 directions, each using the most detrimental castor positions. These directions are - right tilt R, left tilt L, forward tilt F and backward tilt B 4.2.1.2 Apparatus: A hinged, rigid, flat supporting table capable of slow inclination as shown in Figure 1 with the following: a) anti-slide load support panel shown as a in Figure 1a; b) restraint bar (shown as b in Figures 1a,1b) 40mm high running full length of table and parallel with the hinge; c) inclinometer (shown as c in Figure 1a) for measurement of angle of inclination ; d) dummy load (shown as W in Figures 1a,1b) with centre of gravity G on the vertical axis between 230 mm and 270 mm above the table surface. 4.2.1.3 Procedure (unloaded) Set the table within 0,3° of level in both horizontal axes. For each of the four test modes set the castor in the maximum detrimental position (castor inwards and normal to stop b) in the direction of arrow R in Figure 2. Arrange a suitable safety restraint cord to prevent the specimen toppling to the floor. Raise the table at a rate of between 0,3 degree/sec and 1,0 degree/sec thereby forcing the roll container against the edge of restraint stop b shown as XX in Figure 2 until the specimen commences to topple. Record this as angle of inclination . Repeat the test to determine in each of 4 directions as below. R Right L Left F Forward B Back 4.2.1.4 Procedure (loaded) Set up the specimen as above but position a dummy load W equal to 0,2 x payload, centrally on the vertical axis at h = 250 mm. Secure the load to the specimen floor by bolts or straps. Where the roll container is designed for hanging garments, the dummy load shall be suspended from the garment hanging rail with its centre of gravity at a distance of 0,5 metre. NOTE Although each roll container will have four stability inclination angles associated with it, the angles L and R may, with some designs be equal. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 8 L B F x x R Figure 2 Stability test - associated angles 4.2.2 Diagonal resistance test 4.2.2.1 Purpose To simulate handling forces across corners of roll containers causing diagonal deformation. To measure the liability to local damage in sockets of demountable designs. This progressive static load test ensures a measurable result and allows determination of assembled unit stiffness and strength. 4.2.2.2 Apparatus a) Reaction frame shown in Figure 3 mounted horizontally with load applicator at F. b) Method to measure diagonal distance d1 4.2.2.3 Procedure Stand the empty roll container or dolly with castors/wheels touching the floor. Gradually apply load F over a period of (15 to 30) seconds, record the resulting local distortion and overall distortion by continuously measuring d1 and plotting against F. Continue until d1 equals 0,99 of original diagonal length and measure the load. Reduce the load to zero and measure the residual distortion dR where dR is the difference between d1 at start and d1 at termination. Turn the specimen and repeat the loading cycle on the second diagonal where construction is not identical. Licensed Copy: London South Bank University, London South Bank University, Sat Mar 17 04:03:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12674-3:2004 (E) 9 d 1 F Figure 3 Diagonal resistance test 4.2.3 Strength and stiffness of roll container sides 4.2.3.1 Purpose To simulate outward thrust of goods and measure side frame stiffness and strength using 3-point loadin