JIS B9961-2008 Safety of machinery-Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems.pdf

B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) （1） 目 次 序文···············································································································································································1 1 適用範囲·································································································································································4 2 引用規格·································································································································································5 3 用語及定義，略語·············································································································································6 3.1 定義用語（英語）順 ······················································································6 3.2 用語及定義······················································································································································6 3.3 略語·····································································································································································14 4 機能安全管理····················································································································································15 4.1 目的·····································································································································································15 4.2 要求事項·····························································································································································15 5 安全関連制御機能（SRCF）仕様作成対要求事項··········································································16 5.1 目的·····································································································································································16 5.2 SRCF 仕様作成··············································································································································16 6 安全関連電気制御（SRECS）設計及統合················································································19 6.1 目的·····································································································································································19 6.2 一般要求事項·····················································································································································19 6.3 内部検出時 SRECS 動対要求事項·······································································20 6.4 SRECS 系統的安全対要求事項············································································20 6.5 SRECS 選定···················································································································································22 6.6 SRECS 設計及開発···································································································································23 6.7 実現·········································································································································27 6.8 診断機能実現·················································································································································41 6.9 SRECS 実現···························································································································42 6.10 安全要求仕様（SRS）作成································································································42 6.11 設計及開発 ·······················································································································43 6.12 SRECS 統合及試験·································································································································50 6.13 SRECS 据付·············································································································································51 7 SRECS 使用情報······························································································································51 7.1 目的·····································································································································································51 7.2 据付，使用及保全文書化·········································································································52 8 SRECS 妥当性確認··········································································································································52 8.1 目的·····································································································································································52 8.2 一般要求事項·····················································································································································53 8.3 SRECS 系統的安全妥当性確認····················································································53 9 SRECS 変更······················································································································································54 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) 目次 （2） 9.1 目的·····································································································································································54 9.2 変更手順·························································································································································54 9.3 構成管理手順·····················································································································································55 10 文書化··································································································································································56 附属書 A（参考）SIL 割付·······························································································································58 附属書 B（参考）SRECS 設計例·························································································································65 附属書 C（参考）組込設計及開発指針···············································································72 附属書 D（参考）電気電子部品故障 ····································································································80 附属書 E（参考）工業環境 SRECS 対強化 JIS C 61000-6-2 電磁·······84 附属書 F（参考）共通原因故障係数（）推定法···························································································86 附属書 JA（参考）規格理解基礎情報·····················································································88 附属書 JB（参考）PFHD計算式考察······································································································92 参考文献····································································································································································107 The Standard is downloaded from www.bzfxw.com Standard Sharing B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) （3） 規格，工業標準化法第 12 条第 1 項規定基，社団法人日本機械工業連合会(JMF)，工 業標準原案具日本工業規格制定申出，日本工業標準調査会審議経，厚生 労働大臣及経済産業大臣制定日本工業規格。 規格，著作権法保護対象著作物。 規格一部，特許権，出願公開後特許出願，実用新案権又出願公開後実用新案登録出願 抵触可能性注意喚起。厚生労働大臣，経済産業大臣及日本工業標準調査会， 特許権，出願公開後特許出願，実用新案権又出願公開後実用新案登録出願係確認 ，責任。 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) 目次 （4） 白 紙 The Standard is downloaded from www.bzfxw.com Standard Sharing 日本工業規格 JIS B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005 ) 機械類安全性安全関連電気電子 電子制御機能安全 Safety of machineryFunctional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems 序文 規格，2005 年第 1 版発行 IEC 62061 基，技術的内容及対応国際規格構成 変更作成日本工業規格。 ，規格側線又点線下線施参考事項，並附属書 JA 及附属書 JB ，対応 国際規格事項。 自動化進結果，機械生産力増加及肉体的負荷軽減求 ，機械安全関連電気制御 SRECS（Safety-related electrical control systems）機械総合的安 全達成果役割増加。一方，SRECS 自体，複雑電子技術用 。 最近，SRECS 関連規格，電子制御技術信頼性低，SRECS ，機械 顕著危険源対安全関連制御機能果用途積極的用。 規格，機械設計者，制御製造業者及，並 SRECS 仕様作成， 設計及妥当性確認当人利用想定。規格，SRECS ，必要性能達 成要求事項及実現手法示。 規格，IEC 61508 規格群枠組中，特機械産業部門適用事項規定。規格 ，機械顕著危険源（JIS B 9700-1 3.8 参照）低減用電気制御 仕様決定利用意図。 規格，機械産業部門，機械 SRECS 機能安全規定，機械産業部門特有 枠組示。SRECS ，安全要求事項割付段階総合的安全妥当性確認段階規定 。，SRECS 後半，SRECS 安全使用情報対 要求事項規定。 機械，低減方策一部 SRECS 用状況多岐。危険区域人接 近安全，開機械危険運動止，電気制御 信号送付，SRECS 使用典型例。， ，電気制御，機械工程正制御制御故障直 接生緩和安全寄与。 規格，次事項関方法及要求事項規定。 SRECS 実行各安全機能，必要安全（SIL）割付。 2 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) 割付安全機能及安全（SIL）満 SRECS 設計可能。 ISO 13849-1:2006 従設計安全関連 SRECS 統合。 SRECS 妥当性確認行。 規格，JIS B 9700-1 規定低減法，及 JIS B 9702 規定 原則関連用意図。SIL 割付方法例，附属書 A 示。 規格，SRECS 偶発故障及系統的故障確率，並危害考慮入，SRECS 性能，意図低減調和方策示。 図 1 ，規格他関連規格関係示。 規格，ISO 13849-1:2006 ，機械安全関連制御設計及実現要求事 項規定機能安全規格。規格，規格適用範囲従関連安全要求満 用。表 1 ，規格及 ISO 13849-1:2006 適用推奨案示。 表 1規格及 ISO 13849-1:2006 適用推奨案 安全関連性能実現技術方式 ISO 13849-1:2006 規格 A 非電気的，例，液圧式 適用。 適用。 B 電気機械的（electromechanical）部 品（例，） ，又非複雑 電子部品 PL e 指定 適用（注記 1 参照） 。 SIL 3 適用。 C 高複雑度電子， 例， 式 PL d 指定 適用（注記 1 参照） 。 同上 D A B 複合 PL e 指定 適用（注記 1 参照） 。 注記 3 参照 E C B 複合 PL d 指定 適用（注記 1 参照） 。 SIL 3 適用。 F C A，又 C A 及 B 複 合 注記 2 参照 注記 3 参照 注記 1 指定，ISO 13849-1:2006 附属書 B 示，PL 定量化関簡単化手法 与。 注記 2 高複雑度電子， ISO 13849-1:2006 指定 PL d 又規格 用。 注記 3 非電気的制御， ISO 13849-1:2006 適合部品用。 注記 表 1 ，機械安全関連，規格又 ISO 13849-1:2006 適用 規定訳。表 1 ，制御技術方式複雑性対応， 規格及 ISO 13849-1:2006 適用可能範囲要約。 The Standard is downloaded from www.bzfxw.com Standard Sharing 3 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) 注 a) PL： Performance Level（）略称。 b) SRPCS： Safety-Related Parts of Control System（制御安全関連部）略称。 図 1規格他関連規格関係 機械設計及 JIS B 9700-1，機械類安全性設計基本概念， 一般原則第 1 部：基本用語，方法論 JIS B 9702，機械類安全性原則 機械用電気電子電子制御（SRECS）設計方法論 安全関連制御機能及的手法立脚 対応 設計 JIS B 9705-1 (ISO 13849-1), 機械 類安全性制御安 全関連部第 1 部：設計 一般原則 ISO 13849-2, 機械類安全性 制御安全関連部分 第 2 部：妥当性確認 機械電気的安全側面 JIS B 9960-1, 機械類安全性機械 電気装置第 1 部：一般要求事項 SIL 対応 設計 IEC 61508（-1-7）, 電気 電子電子制 御機能安全 JIS B 9961, 機械類安全性安全関連電気電子 電子制御機能安全 定量的安全性指標 SIL 表現 機械 SRECS SIL 割付法 志向 系統的故障回避抑制要求 安全性指標及 PLa)表現 定性的割付 志向 非電気的 SRPCS b) （機械式，液圧式） SRECS 設計目標 関連規格 ：電気的安全側面 ：機能安全側面 電気的 SRPCS b) 4 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) 1 適用範囲 規格，機械安全関連電気制御（以下，SRECS 。 ）設計，統合及妥当性確認 要求事項及推奨事項規定。規格，作動中手持運機械（協調稼 動機械群含。 ），安全機能単独又組合実行制御適用。 注記 1 規格用“電気制御”，“電気電子電子（E/E/PE）制 御”意味。“SRECS”，“安全関連電気電子電子制御 ”意味。 注記 2 規格，高複雑度電子式及要素設 計， IEC 61508-2 及 IEC 61508-3 関連要求事項従想定。 規格， 高複雑又要素対，開発，使 用方法提供。 規格規格，技術的進歩制限又阻止意図。 規格，人危険源保護他規格又規則要求事項（例，非電気 式，非電気式制御）含。機械，種類応適切安全確保 特有要求事項。 規格， 機械人及機械使用直接関係人傷害又健康阻害低減 機能安全要求事項扱。 機械又協調稼動機械群自体危険源生扱。 注記 3 他危険源生低減要求事項，関連規格規定。例 ，機械工程一部担場合，機械機能安全要求事項， 安全関限，規格以外要求事項（例，IEC 61511）満足望 。 機械非電気式制御要素性能要求事項規定。 注記 4 規格要求事項，電気制御対象，枠組及方法論，非電気式制 御安全関連部分適用。 電気制御装置自体生電気危険源扱（例，感電，JIS B 9960-1 参 照。 ） 。 規格主箇条目的，表 2 示。 表 2各箇条概要及目的 箇条番号及項目 箇条目的 4 機能安全管理 SRECS 必要機能安全達成必要管理及技術活動規定。 5 安全関連制御機能 （SRCF）仕様作成 対要求事項 SRCF 対次要求仕様決定手順規定。 機能要求仕様。 安全要求仕様。 6 安全関連電気制御 （SRECS）設計 及統合 安全要求仕様（SRS）適合 SRECS 選定基準，並，設計及実現方 法規定。 次事項含。 選定。 安全関連及選定。 及設計。 設計及 SRS 満検証。 The Standard is downloaded from www.bzfxw.com Standard Sharing 5 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) 表 2各箇条概要及目的（続） 箇条番号及項目 箇条目的 7 SRECS使用 情報 SRECS 使用情報対要求事項規定。 次事項含。 使用者及手順書準備。 保全及手順書準備。 8 SRECS妥当性確認 SRECS 適用妥当性確認過程要求事項規定。 次事項含。 SRECS SRS 要求事項満確認検査及試験。 9 SRECS 変更 SRECS 変更手順関要求事項規定。 次事項含。 SRECS 対変更，変更前適切，検証。 変更，変更後 SRECS SRS 満。 注記 5 規格対応国際規格及対応程度表記号，次示。 IEC 62061:2005，Safety of machineryFunctional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems (IDT) ，対応程度表記号(IDT)，ISO/IEC Guide 21 基，一致示 。 2 引用規格 次掲規格，規格引用，規格規定一部構成。 引用規格， 西暦年付記， 記載年版適用， 後改正版 （追 補含。 ）適用。西暦年付記引用規格，最新版（追補含。 ）適用。 JIS B 9700-1:2004 機械類安全性設計基本概念，一般原則第 1 部：基本用語，方法論 注記 対応国際規格：ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machineryBasic concepts, general principles for designPart 1: Basic terminology, methodology (IDT) JIS B 9700-2:2004 機械類安全性設計基本概念，一般原則第 2 部：技術原則 注記 対応国際規格：ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machineryBasic concepts, general principles for designPart 2: Technical principles (IDT) JIS B 9702 機械類安全性原則 注記 対応国際規格：ISO 14121, Safety of machineryPrinciples of risk assessment (IDT) JIS B 9705-1: 2000 機械類安全性制御安全関連部第 1 部：設計一般原則 注記 対応国際規格：ISO 13849-1:1999, Safety of machinerySafety-related parts of control systems Part 1: General principles for design (IDT) JIS B 9960-1 機械類安全性機械電気装置第 1 部：一般要求事項 注記 対応国際規格：IEC 60204-1, Safety of machineryElectrical equipment of machinesPart 1: General requirements (MOD) JIS C 61000-6-2 電磁両立性第 6 部：共通規格第 2 節：工業環境 注記 対応国際規格：IEC 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)Part 6-2: Generic standards Immunity for industrial environments (MOD) ISO 13849-2:2003, Safety of machinerySafety-related parts of control systemsPart 2: Validation 6 B 9961：2008 (IEC 62061：2005) IEC 61508-2, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systemsPart 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems IEC 61508-3, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related syste