BS 1473-1972.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS 1473:1972 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Specification for Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes Rivet, bolt and screw stock BS 1473:1972 This British Standard, having been approved by the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 15 March 1972 © BSI 03-1999 First published, December, 1949 First revision, December, 1955 Second revision, September, 1963 Third revision, August, 1969 Fourth revision, March, 1972 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference NFE/19 Draft for approval 70/30839 ISBN 580 07090 5 Co-operating organizations The Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: Aluminium Federation*Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Association of Bronze and Brass FoundersInstitution of Production Engineers British Bronze and Brass Ingot Institution of Structural Engineers* Manufacturers AssociationLead Development Association British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Light Metal Founders Association AssociationLondon Metal Exchange British Lead Manufacturers AssociationMagnesium Industry Council British Non-ferrous Metals FederationMinistry of Defence, Army Department British Non-ferrous Metals Federation High Ministry of Defence, Navy Department* Conductivity Copper GroupNational Brassfoundry Association British Non-ferrrous Metals Research Non-ferrous metal stockists* Association*Post Office Copper Development AssociationRoyal Institute of British Architects Department of Trade and Industry (Marine Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Division)Ltd* Electric Cable Makers ConfederationTin Research Institute Institute of British FoundrymenZinc Development Association Institute of MetalsIndividual manufacturers Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Automobile Division) The Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: ALARS (Association of Light Alloy Refiners Lloyds Register of Shipping and Smelters)London Transport Executive British Aluminium Holloware Manufacturers National Association of Drop Forgers and AssociationStampers Department of Trade and IndustryNational Federation of Vehicle Trades Gas CouncilSmall Rivet Association Institute of Sheet Metal EngineeringWelding Institute Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments 3374June 1980 4477February 1984Indicated by a sideline in the margin BS 1473:1972 © BSI 03-1999i Contents Page Co-operating organizationsInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2General1 3Definitions1 4Freedom from defects1 5Chemical composition1 6Condition1 7Sizes and tolerances1 8Selection of test samples2 9Mechanical tests2 10Retests2 11Certificate of compliance2 12Inspection2 13Independent test2 14Facilities for testing3 15The rounding of numbers rule3 Appendix A Forms of material available5 Appendix B The annealing and heat treatment of wrought aluminium and its alloys5 Appendix C Details of the international alloy designation and chemical composition limits for wrought aluminium alloys system6 Appendix D Designation cross-references7 Table 1 Tolerances1 Table 2 deleted3 Table 3 Chemical composition and mechanical properties of aluminium and aluminium alloy rivet, bolt and screw stock4 BS 1473:1972 ii © BSI 03-1999 Foreword A complete list of British Standards, numbering over 5 000, fully indexed and with a note on the contents of each, will be found in the British Standards Yearbook, which may be purchased from BSI Sales Department. It may also be consulted in many public libraries and similar institutions. This standard makes reference to the following British Standards: BS 18, Methods for tensile testing of metals Part 1. Nonferrous metals. BS 1499, Sampling non-ferrous metals. BS 1728, Methods for the analysis of aluminium and aluminium alloys. BS 3660, Glossary of terms used in the wrought aluminium industry. This British Standard is the second revision in metric terms of one of a series for aluminium and aluminium alloys in various wrought forms for general engineering purposes, the preparation of which was authorized by the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committee. In accordance with International agreement this introduces N/mm2 as the unit for expressing stress values but otherwise the standard reflects only minor changes since the 1969 edition. Others in the series are: BS 1470, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes. Plate, sheet and strip. BS 1471, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes. Drawn tube. BS 1472, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes. Forging stock and forgings. BS 1474, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes. Bars, extruded round tube and sections. BS 1475, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes. Wire. In preparing the previous revision of this metric specification cognizance was taken of the recommendations of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Alloy compositions and properties were brought in line with ISO recommendations where this was practicable and the temper designations quoted are those proposed by ISO. Thus work-hardened tempers of the strain-hardened materials, formerly show as ¼H, ½H, ¾H and H, are designated with the appropriate symbol selected from the range H1 to H8, which represents a scale of increasing strength. The condition of heat-treated alloys is also indicated by the letter T followed by a B, D, E, F or H indicating the precise condition following the heat treatment. Advantage was also taken of the opportunity to rationalize the number of materials offered and certain alloys and purities whose usage did not justify retention, were deleted. This applied to aluminium 1 C. All tables of tolerances were reviewed and metric values in accordance with latest production practices are quoted. In this edition the stress values have been converted into SI units (N/mm2)from the original hbar values. Appendix A gives information relating to forms of material available, and in Appendix B information is given on annealing and heat treatment. As a major step towards alignment of aluminium and aluminium alloy compositions on an international basis, a substantial number of countries have agreed to adopt a 4-digit classification for alloy composition designation. This system is administered by the Aluminium Association Inc., who issue the “Registration Record of International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum Alloys”. BS 1473:1972 © BSI 03-1999 iii By amendment, it has been decided to introduce this system into the British Standards concerned with these types of material in place of the material designations formerly used. In some cases, minor compositional changes are also involved. The details of the system are given in Appendix C and a cross-reference table between the new, the old and the nearest equivalent ISO designations is included as Appendix D. The temper designations and associated mechanical property requirements remain unaltered for the present and therefore may not necessarily align precisely with those in the standards of other countries. NOTEAttention is drawn to certification facilities offered by BSI; see the back cover of this standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 7 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. iv blank BS 1473:1972 © BSI 03-19991 1 Scope This British Standard specifies requirements for rivet stock of diameter up to and including 25 mm made from one grade of aluminium and from four aluminium alloys in various conditions, and for bolt and screw stock of diameter up to and including 12 mm made from four aluminium alloys in various conditions. NOTEThe titles of the British Standards referred to in this standard are listed on page 2. 2 General The rivet, bolt and screw stock shall comply with the general requirements set out in the following clauses and with the appropriate requirements given in Table 1 and Table 3. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 purchaser the party, whether user, retailer, wholesaler or corporate body or their agent(s) as appropriate, responsible for ordering the material standardized 3.2 rivet stock (extracted from BS 3660) round bar or wire suitable for the manufacture of rivets 3.3 bolt stock (extracted from BS 3660) round bar or wire suitable for the manufacture of bolts by cold heading 3.4 screw stock (extracted from BS 3660) round bar or wire suitable for the manufacture of screws by cold heading. 4 Freedom from defects The material shall be free from defects prejudicial to its use. 5 Chemical composition The chemical composition shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 3. 6 Condition The material shall be supplied in one of the following conditions as specified by the purchaser and selected from Table 3. 7 Sizes and tolerances The diameter of the rivet, bolt and screw stock shall be as specified in the order, subject to the tolerances given in Table 1. Table 1 Tolerances MAs manufactured. Material which acquires some temper from shaping processes in which there is no special control over thermal treatment or amount of strain hardening. OAnnealed. Material which is fully annealed to obtain the loweststrength condition. H1, H2 H3, H4 H5, H6 H7, H8 Strain hardened. Material subjected to the application of cold work after annealing (or hot forming) or to a combination of cold work and partial annealing/stabilizing in order to secure the specified mechanical properties. The designations are in ascending order of tensile strength. TBSolution heat-treated and naturally aged. Material that receives no cold work after solution heat treatment except as may be required to flatten or straighten it. Properties of some alloys in this temper are unstable. TDSolution heat-treated, cold worked and naturally aged. TECooled from an elevated temperature shaping process and precipitation-treated. TFSolution heat-treated and precipitation-treated. THSolution heat-treated, cold worked and then precipitation-treated. DiameterTolerance mm± mm 1.0 up to and including5.00.025 Over 5.0 up to and including 10.00.035 Over10.0 up to and including 14.00.05 Over14.0 up to and including 20.00.06 Over20.0 up to and including 25.00.07 BS 1473:1972 2 © BSI 03-1999 8 Selection of test samples 8.1 Rivet, bolt and screw stock of aluminium or non-heat treatable aluminium alloys. Material of the same diameter, produced in the same way and of the same composition, shall be grouped into batches not exceeding 250 kg in weight, and one test sample shall be cut from a coil of length selected from each batch. Before the test samples are cut off they shall be marked to identify them with the batch they represent. The tensile test samples shall be taken from the rivet-stock as supplied and shall not be annealed or mechanically worked before being tested. For rivet or bolt stock of aluminium or aluminium alloy supplied in the O or M condition up to 12 mm diameter, and of aluminium alloy supplied in the H2 or H4 condition of 6 mm diameter or less, the reverse torsion test samples shall be tested in the condition as supplied. For aluminium alloy in the H2 or H4 condition in diameters of over 6 mm up to and including 12 mm the reverse torsion test samples shall be annealed before testing. 8.2 Rivet, bolt and screw stock of heat-treatable aluminium alloys supplied in the H2 condition. Material of the same diameter, produced in the same way and of the same composition, shall be grouped into batches not exceeding 250 kg in weight and one test sample shall be cut from a coil or length selected from each batch. Before the test samples are cut off they shall be marked to identify them with the batch they represent. The tensile test samples shall be tested in the TB or TF condition as specified by the purchaser. For rivet or bolt stock of 6 mm diameter or less the reverse torsion test samples shall be tested in the condition as supplied. For stock of diameter greater than 6 mm up to and including 12 mm the reverse torsion test samples shall be annealed before testing. 9 Mechanical tests The following test shall be made on test pieces prepared from test samples as specified in 8.1 and 8.2. 9.1 Tensile test. The tensile test shall be made in accordance with the requirements of BS 18, Part 1. The values obtained shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 3. 9.2 0.2 % Proof stress (applicable to bolt and screw stock only). The proof stress shall be determined as specified in BS 18, Part 1. The values obtained shall comply with the appropriate requirements given in Table 3. 9.3 Reverse torsion test (applicable only to rivet, bolt and screw stock 12 mm diameter and smaller). A length of rivet, bolt or screw stock shall be gripped in two jaws 150 mm apart, one of which shall be free to rotate. The other shall not rotate but may be free to move longitudinally during the test. The free end shall be turned six times through 360° and shall then be turned the same number of times through 360° in the opposite direction. No defects detrimental to cold forging shall be exhibited as a result of this test. 10 Retests Should any one of the test pieces first selected fail to pass the mechanical tests, two further samples from the same batch shall be selected for testing, one of which shall be from the rivet, bolt or screw stock from which the original test sample was taken, unless that has been withdrawn by the supplier. For heat-treatable alloys the supplier shall have the right, if he so desires, to re-heat-treat the material before the two further samples are selected. Should the test pieces, from both these additional samples pass, the batch represented by the test samples shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of this standard. Should the test pieces from either of these additional samples fail, the batch represented by the test samples shall be deemed not to comply with the requirements of this sta