BS-EN-12447-2001.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12447:2001 Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Screening test method for determining the resistance to hydrolysis in water The European Standard EN 12447:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.70 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 12447:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Policy and Strategy Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3 December 2001 © BSI 3 December 2001 ISBN 0 580 38758 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12447:2001. It supersedes DD ENV 12447:1998 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/553, Geosynthetics, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 12447 October 2001 ICS 59.080.70Supersedes ENV 12447:1997 English version Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Screening test method for determining the resistance to hydrolysis in water Géotextiles et produits apparentés - Méthode d'essai sélective pour la détermination de la résistance à l'hydrolyse dans l'eau Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Auswahlprüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Hydrolysebeständigkeit in Wasser This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 August 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12447:2001 E EN 12447:2001 (E) 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics“, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2002. This European Standard supersedes ENV 12447:1997. This standard includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 12447:2001 (E) 3 Introduction This standard describes a screening test method to establish a minimum acceptance level of resistance of geotextiles and geotextile-related products to soil moisture. In certain polymers moisture leads to hydrolysis throughout the thickness of the fibre (internal hydrolysis) but the rate of degradation is such that over short periods it is only measurable at elevated temperatures, e.g. by immersion in hot water. NOTE This standard should be used with reference to CR ISO 13434. 1Scope This European Standard specifies a screening test method for determining the resistance of geotextiles and geotextile-related products to hydrolysis by exposing test specimens to water at elevated temperatures, followed by an evaluation of the changes in properties resulting from such exposure. It is intended as a means of establishing a minimum acceptable level of durability. The test is applicable to any geotextile and geotextile-related product susceptible to hydrolysis, in particular polyester and polyamide based materials, and in addition to the yarns from which these geotextiles are made. Reinforcing materials shall be tested without the coating and manufacturers shall ensure that the degradation of the coating will not attack or have any negative influence on the degradation of the yarns. This method is not intended for determining the resistance of geotextiles to hydrolysis under highly acid or alkaline conditions. NOTE Performance tests to predict long-term lifetime or to compare products of different polymers or of similar polymers with differing structures can be based on the same method but with a wider range of temperatures and durations. 2Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN ISO 2062Textiles - Yarns from packages - Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break (ISO 2062:1993). EN 12226Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - General tests for evaluation following durability testing. EN ISO 3696:1995Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987). EN 12447:2001 (E) 4 3Principle Both test and control specimens are immersed in hot water for specified durations and at a specified temperature. The properties of the specimens are determined after immersion. 4Water Use deionised water to EN ISO 3696:1995, class 3. 5Safety precautions Refer to national safety regulations. 6Apparatus 6.1 Container The container shall be made of a material which is inert under the conditions of test such as stainless steel or borosilicate glass. The total volume of the test specimens shall not exceed 10% of the free space in the container. The test specimens shall be suspended free of significant load and shall be exposed to the test medium on both sides. The container shall be provided with a means of heating and controlling the temperature to (95 ? 1) °C and a separate means of measuring the temperature. NOTE Experience has shown that some types of glass are susceptible to hydrolysis. It is therefore essential to monitor the pH. 6.2 Thermometer To measure the temperature in the container. 6.3 Tubes Made of chemically inert material, typically borosilicate glass tubes of 60 mm external diameter, for winding yarn specimens. 7Specimens 7.1Size and shape Prepare specimens to the size and shape specified in EN 12226. If the requirements of EN 12226 can not be met due to container capacity then the relevant components (such as yarns or the components of a geocomposite) should be tested individually. EN 12447:2001 (E) 5 NOTE Allowance is made for shrinkage by immersing the control specimens for 1 h only (see clause 9). Shrinkage at test temperature in boiling water may be evaluated according to ISO 5077 for woven geotextiles, grids and nonwovens or the same procedure applied to yarns and monofilaments. The deformation due to shrinkage is not expected to exceed 5 %. 7.2Number of specimens Prepare enough specimens to provide a minimum of five test specimens and five control specimens. NOTE It is recommended to expose additional specimens in case an extra mechanical test is required (see clause 9). 8Procedure Deionised water as specified in clause 4 shall always be used in the tests. NOTE The quality of the water used as hydrolysing agent in this test is important for the reproducibility of the test results. Expose the test specimens, free of significant load, on both sides to the test medium. The test temperature shall be (95 ? 1) °C. Test yarns as strands or wind them loosely on a glass tube (see 6.3). Do not overwind, and separate the yarns by at least one diameter. Wind the control specimens in the same way. The ratio between the mass of water and the mass of the test specimens shall be at least 30:1. Cover the specimens completely with water. Do not treat materials differing in chemical composition in the same enclosure. It is essential that pH is monitored at least once a week. If the pH exceeds 8, measured at room temperature, the water should be replaced. The test duration is 28 days. The control specimens shall be exposed to the same environment for one hour and then removed and stored. 9Determination of changes in properties The test and control specimens shall be conditioned for at least 16 h at (20 ± 2) °C and (65 ? 5) % relative humidity before evaluation of the desired properties. For the method of test refer to EN 12226. Exposed and control yarns shall be tested in accordance with EN ISO 2062 and the results evaluated according to EN 12226. If the mechanical test on one of the specimens is invalid (see EN 12226), a further specimen shall be tested in its place. EN 12447:2001 (E) 6 10Test report The test report shall contain the following information: a)a reference to this European Standard; b)a description of the material; c)the procedure and conditions used; d)changes in properties as defined in EN 12226; e)date of test; f)any deviation from this standard or other factors that may influence the result of this test. EN 12447:2001 (E) 7 Bibliography ISO 5077Textiles - Determination of dimensional change in washing and drying. CR ISO 13434Guidelines to durability of geotextiles and geotextile-related products. BS EN 12447:2001 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000. Fax: 020 8996 7400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel: 020 8996 9001. Fax: 020 8996 7001. Standards are also available from the BSI website at http:/www.bsi-global.com. In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel: 020 8996 7111. Fax: 020 8996 7048. Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel: 020 8996 7002. Fax: 020 8996 7001. Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at http:/www.bsi-global.com. Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager. Tel: 020 8996 7070.