BS-EN-ISO-10545-2-1997.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 10545-2:1997 Ceramic tiles Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality The European Standard EN ISO 10545-2:1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.20 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10545-2:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1997 © BSI 04-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/539 Draft for comment 93/107015 DC ISBN 0 580 28654 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee B/539, Ceramic tiles and other rigid tiling, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Building Engineers British Adhesives and Sealants Association British Ceramic Research Ltd. British Ceramic Tile Council Building Research Establishment Chartered Institute of Building Concrete Society Construction Confederation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Contract Flooring Association Federation of Master Builders Federation of Resin Formulators and Applicators Health and Safety Executive Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain London Underground Ltd. Mortar Producers Association National Federation of Clay Industries National Federation of Terrazzo, Marble and Mosaic Specialists National Master Tile Fixers Association National Tile, Faience and Mosaic Fixers Society Natural Slate Quarries Association Royal Institute of British Architects Stone Federation Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10545-2:1997 © BSI 04-2000i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii Foreword2 1Scope3 2Measurement of length and width3 3Measurement of thickness3 4Measurement of straightness of sides3 5Measurement of rectangularity4 6Measurements of surface flatness5 7Surface quality6 Figure 1 Apparatus for the measurement of straightness of sides, rectangularity and surface flatness7 Figure 2 Straightness of sides8 Figure 3 Rectangularity8 Figure 4 Centre curvature9 Figure 5 Edge curvature9 Figure 6 Warpage10 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN ISO 10545-2:1997 ii © BSI 04-2000 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee B/539 and is the English language version of EN ISO 10545-2:1997 Ceramic tiles Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It is technically equivalent to ISO 10545-2:1995, including its Technical Corrigendum 1:1997, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It supersedes BS 6431-10:1984, which will be withdrawn when Parts 1 to 16 of BS EN ISO 10545 have all been published. This Part of BS EN ISO 10545 was originally drafted by CEN/TC 67, Ceramic tiles, as EN 98, published in 1984, and confirmed in 1991. Subsequently the European Standard was revised by ISO as a Part of ISO 10545, which has now been approved by CEN as a Part of EN ISO 10545. The editorial modifications mentioned in the EN ISO foreword have been made in this BS EN ISO text. The technical changes from the method described in BS 6431-10 are as follows. For the measurement of straightness of sides, rectangularity and surface flatness, a single diagrammatic figure replaces Figure 1 and Figure 2. The material of the calibrating plate for this measuring apparatus is not restricted to steel when measuring straightness and rectangularity. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN ISO title page, pages 2 to 10 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN ISO 10545-2 July 1997 ICS 91.100.20Supersedes EN 98:1991 Descriptors: Ceramics, tiles, tests, determination, dimensions, surface condition, dimensional measurements English version Ceramic tiles Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality (ISO 10545-2:1995, including Technical Corrigendum 1:1997) Carreaux et dalles céramiques Partie 2: Détermination des caractéristiques dimensionelles et de la qualité de surface (ISO 10545-2:1995, Rectificatif Technique 1:1997 inclus) Keramische Fliesen und Platten Teil 2: Bestimmung der Maße und der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit (ISO 10545-2:1995, einschließlich Technische Korrektur 1:1997) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-05-01. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10545-2:1997 E Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10545-2:1997 2 © BSI 04-2000 Foreword The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tiles, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 67, Ceramic tiles, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard supersedes EN 98:1991. EN ISO 10545 consists of the following Parts, under the common title Ceramic tiles. Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance; Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality; Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density; Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength; Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitution; Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles; Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles; Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion; Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock; Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion; Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles; Part 12: Determination of frost resistance; Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance; Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains; Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles; Part 16: Determination of small colour differences; Part 17: Determination of coefficient of friction. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO 10545-2:1995 and ISO Technical Corrigendum 1:1997 has been approved by CEN as a European Standard without technical modifications, but with the following editorial modifications: Existing ISO textISO text modified 5.1.1, fourth line: “calculate” 5.1.1, fourth line: “calculated” 7.1.13, NOTE 1, fourth7.1.13, NOTE 1, fourth line: “Cracks, nipped edges and nipped corners cannot.” line: “Cracks and chips cannot.” 7.6 d): “the assessment of criteria used;” 7.6 d): “the assessment criteria used;” Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10545-2:1997 © BSI 04-20003 1 Scope This part of ISO 10545 specifies methods for determining the dimensional characteristics (length, width, thickness, straightness of sides, rectangularity, surface flatness) and the surface quality of ceramic tiles. Tiles with areas less than 4 cm2 are excluded from measurements of length, width, straightness of sides, rectangularity and surface flatness. Spacer lugs and glaze blobs and other irregularities of the sides shall be ignored when measuring length, width, straightness of sides, rectangularity, if these are subsequently hidden in the joints after fixing (installation). 2 Measurement of length and width 2.1 Apparatus 2.1.1 Vernier calipers, or other suitable apparatus for linear measurement. 2.2 Test specimens Ten whole tiles shall be submitted to measurements. 2.3 Procedure Measure, to the nearest 0,1 mm, each side of the tile under test, at positions 5 mm from the corners. 2.4 Expression of results The average dimension of square tiles is the average of four measurements. The average dimension of the sample is the average of 40 measurements. For oblong tiles, each similar pair of sides of a tile provides the appropriate average dimension of the tile, i.e. an average of two measurements. The average dimensions for length and width of the sample are the average of 20 measurements each. 2.5 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this part of ISO 10545; b) a description of the tiles; c) all individual measurements of length and width; d) the average size of each test specimen for square tiles, and the average length and width for each oblong tile; e) the average size of the 10 test specimens for square tiles, and the average length and width for oblong tiles; f) the deviation, as a percentage, of the average size of each tile (two or four sides) from the work size; g) the deviation, as a percentage, of the average size of each tile (two or four sides) from the average size of the 10 test specimens (20 or 40 sides). 3 Measurement of thickness 3.1 Apparatus 3.1.1 Micrometer screw gauge with anvils, of 5 mm to 10 mm diameter, or other suitable apparatus. 3.2 Test specimens Ten whole tiles shall be submitted to measurements. 3.3 Procedure For all tiles, except those with uneven surfaces, draw diagonals between the corners and measure the thickness at the thickest point within each of the four segments. Measure, to the nearest 0,1 mm, the thickness of each tile under test in four positions. For tiles with uneven surfaces, draw four lines at right angles across the face at distances of 0,125; 0,375; 0,625 and 0,875 times the length measured from the end. Measure the thickness at the thickest point on each line. 3.4 Expression of results For all the tiles, the average dimension of each individual tile is the average of four measurements. The average thickness of the sample is the average of 40 measurements. 3.5 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this part of ISO 10545; b) a description of the tiles; c) all individual measurements of thickness; d) the average thickness of each tile; e) the deviation, as a percentage or in millimetres (as required by the product standard), of the average thickness of each tile from the work size thickness. 4 Measurement of straightness of sides 4.1 Definition For the purposes of this part of ISO 10545, the following definition applies. 4.1.1 straightness of sides the deviation from straightness of the centre of the side in the plane of the tile Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Mon Nov 20 03:09:06 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN ISO 10545-2:1997 4 © BSI 04-2000 the measurement is only relevant to the straight sides of tiles (Figure 2) and is calculated as a percentage, using the formula 4.2 Apparatus 4.2.1 Apparatus, as shown in Figure 1, or any other suitable instrument. The dial gauge (DF) is used for measuring the straightness of sides. 4.2.2 Calibrating plate, of accurate dimensions and with straight, flat sides. 4.3 Test specimens Ten whole tiles shall be submitted to measurements. 4.4 Procedure Select an apparatus of the appropriate dimensions (4.2.1) so that, when a tile is placed in the apparatus, on the supporting studs (SA, SB, SC), the locating studs (IA, IB, IC) are 5 mm from each corner of the side being measured. (See Figure 1.) Fit the appropriate calibrating plate (4.2.2) exactly into position on the instrument, and adjust the dial gauge reading to a suitable known value. Remove the calibrating plate, place the proper surface of the tile on the locating studs in the apparatus, and record the dial gauge reading in the centre of the side. If the tile is square, rotate it to obtain four measurements. Repeat this procedure for each tile being tested. In the case of oblong tiles, use separate instruments of the appropriate dimensions to measure lengths and widths. Measure to the nearest 0,1 mm. 4.5 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this part of ISO 10545; b) a description of tiles; c) all individual measurements of straightness of sides; d) the maximum deviation from straightness, as a percentage related to the corresponding work sizes. 5 Measurement of rectangularity 5.1 Definition For the purposes of this part of ISO 10545, the following definition applies. 5.1.1 deviation from rectangularity if a corner of a tile is placed against the angle of an accurate calibrating plate (see Figure 3), devia