BS-5381-5-1983 ISO-6565-1983.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS 5381-5: 1983 ISO 6565:1983 Methods for Determination of physical properties of tobacco and tobacco products Part 5: Draw resistance of cigarettes and filter rods ISO title: Tobacco and tobacco products Draw resistance of cigarettes and filter rods Definitions, standard conditions and general aspects UDC 633.71:663.97:620.16:533.6.011 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Food and Agriculture Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 October 1983 © BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference FAC/11 Draft for comment 82/81625 DC ISBN 0 580 13512 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Food and Agriculture Standards Committee (FAC/-) to Technical Committee FAC/11 upon which the following bodies were represented: Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Tobacco Advisory Council Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 © BSI 10-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii 0Introduction1 1Scope and field of application1 2References1 3Definitions1 4Standard conditions for the determination1 Annex Various technical comments supported by useful justification for full understanding of this International Standard2 Figure Filter rod holder permitting the complete encasing of the rods at the moment of measuring the draw resistance3 Publications referred toInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 ii © BSI 10-1999 National foreword This Part of BS 5381 has been prepared under the direction of the Food and Agriculture Standards Committee. It is identical with ISO 6565:1983 “Tobacco and tobacco products Draw resistance of cigarettes and filter rods Definitions, standard conditions and general aspects” published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “British Standard”. The comma has been used as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references International StandardsCorresponding British Standards ISO 3308:1977BS 5668 Routine analytical cigarette smoking machine Part 1:1979 Specification for the machine and auxiliary equipment, definitions and standard conditions (Identical) ISO 3402:1978BS 5743:1979 Specification for atmospheres for conditioning and testing tobacco and tobacco products (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 © BSI 10-19991 0 Introduction The draw resistance of cigarettes and filter rods is a very widespread and important concept both for product quality specifications and for analytical determinations by mechanical smoking. Different procedures and apparatus are currently available for the determination. It has so far not been possible to standardize the complete description of the equipment to be used and the detailed procedure. Nevertheless, it has been possible to obtain a broad consensus on the definitions to be adopted and the conditions that allow comparable determinations of this characteristic to be made. 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard defines the draw resistance of cigarettes and filter rods and specifies standard conditions for its determination. It applies to cigarettes, filter rods and, by extension, to cylindrical tobacco products similar to cigarettes. 2 References ISO 3308, Tobacco and tobacco products Routine analytical cigarette smoking machine Definitions, standard conditions and auxiliary equipment. ISO 3402, Tobacco and tobacco products Atmospheres for conditioning and testing. 3 Definitions 3.1 draw resistance of a cigarette or a filter rod the static pressure difference between the two ends of the specimen when it is traversed by an air flow under steady conditions (see the Annex, clause A.1) in which the measured volumetric flow, under standard conditions, at the output end (see the Annex, clause A.2) is 17,5 ml/s (see the Annex, clause A.3) NOTEThis definition only applies to cigarettes and filter rods. In the case of the pneumatic circulation of a smoking machine, this difference in static pressure is designated by analogy as “pressure drop” to avoid any confusion. 3.2 input end the end of the specimen intended to be lit in the case of a cigarette 3.3 output end the opposite end to the input end 3.4 standard direction of flow the direction from the input end to the output end NOTEIn the case of a filter rod, the input end and the output end are defined by the direction of flow. 4 Standard conditions for the determination 4.1 Standard conditions common to cigarettes and filter rods 4.1.1 The air entering the specimen shall be at a temperature of 22 ± 1 °C and shall have a relative humidity of 60 ± 2 % (atmosphere A in ISO 3402) (see the Annex, clause A.4). 4.1.2 The standard conditions for measuring the flow are a temperature of 22 °C, a relative humidity of 60 % and an atmospheric pressure of 1 013 mbar (see the Annex, clause A.4). 4.2 Conditions particular to cigarettes 4.2.1 Insertion of the specimen The output end of the specimen shall be inserted into a cigarette holder to a depth of 9 mm (see the Annex, clause A.5); the assembled cigarette and holder shall comply with the requirements of ISO 3308, sub-clause 4.14 (see also the Annex, clauses A.5 and A.6). NOTEIf any part of the ventilation area of a tipped cigarette is covered, this should be mentioned in the test report. 4.2.2 Air flow This shall be in the standard direction of flow (3.4) (see the Annex, clause A.7). 4.2.3 Position This shall preferably be horizontal. NOTEIt may be acceptable to test the cigarettes in a vertical position, provided that this is mentioned in the test report. 4.3 Conditions particular to filter rods 4.3.1 Encasing The specimen shall be completely inserted into a suitable cigarette holder so that no air can pass through the filter rod wrapping (see the Annex, clause A.8, and the Figure). 4.3.2 Influence of the direction of air flow on the measured value If the direction of air flow can influence the value measured, carry out two series of determinations; the second shall be carried out after turning the specimen end for end prior to its re-insertion into the cigarette holder (see the Annex, clause A.9). If the results are different, record both values in the test report. 4.3.3 Position The position may be either horizontal or vertical (see the Annex, clause A.10); the position adopted shall be stated in the test report. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 2 © BSI 10-1999 Annex Various technical comments supported by useful justification for full understanding of this International Standard A.1 Steady conditions The conditions are said to be steady if all the parameters defining them remain constant. This means that not only the flow should be so, but also that the parameters defining it should remain constant. Thus, the specimen remains in equilibrium with the standardized atmosphere of the current passing through it. A.2 Flow at the output end of the specimen During preparatory work, several inquiries and collaborative studies have been carried out. The results have shown that there is an interest in determining the volumetric flow at the output end of the specimen. It is therefore reasonable to specify the volumetric flow at this point, both from the consumers point of view and for analytical smoking purposes. Finally, it is easier to determine the volumetric flow at the output end of the specimen than at the input end, since the flow is split up into several parts, particularly in the case of porous or perforated wrappings. A.3 Adjustment of volumetric flow and calibration of apparatus The volumetric flow may be adjusted to the value prescribed by various kinds of apparatus. In all cases, calibration of this apparatus should be carried out by means of a soap bubble flowmeter so that calibration fulfils the standard conditions. A.4 Atmospheres The specification for temperature is important, principally for the following reasons: Flowmeters, for example flowmeters with a float, indicate according to the air temperature. In addition, the hygrometric equilibrium of the specimen also depends on the temperature. Specification of humidity is based mainly on conditions of hygrometric equilibrium of the specimen, since the draw resistance may be affected by variations in the water content of the material (tobacco or filtering material). The humidity of the air may also affect the measurement of the flow using a spirometer. Consequently, when the humidity and temperature do not correspond exactly to the standard conditions, these conditions shall be precisely determined and the measurements corrected in accordance with the differences found. A.5 Depth of insertion Specification of the insertion depth of 9 mm means that any ventilation area no further than 9 mm from the output end of the cigarette is not taken into account when determining the draw resistance, by analogy with IS0 3308. A.6 Cigarette holder ISO 3308 lays down, in sub-clause 4.14, the principal conditions with which the cigarette holder shall comply. It is planned to specify its structure at a later stage. A.7 Pressure drop The pressure drop of the specimen most often depends on the direction of air flow; this is particularly the case with filter cigarettes which are non-symmetrical because of their constitution. A.8 Draw resistance of filter rods The draw resistance of filter rods is generally so great that even if so called “non-porous” or non-perforated papers are used, some ventilation is produced through the wrappings. Moreover, when the filter is used on the cigarette, it is covered by a second wrapping, the tipping paper. For these two reasons, the measurement of draw resistance of a filter rod shall be carried out after the wrapping has been made completely impermeable to air by encasing. A.9 Direction of flow of air through a filter rod Filter rods have, in general, a symmetrical structure so that there is normally no difference whatever direction of flow is adopted. A.10 Position of the filter rod during measurement As the filter rod is completely encased during measurement, it may be convenient, for manipulation, to place it vertically when working with certain equipment. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 © BSI 10-19993 Figure Filter rod holder permitting the complete encasing of the rods at the moment of measuring the draw resistance Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 4 blank Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5:1983 © BSI 10-1999 Publications referred to See national foreword. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Dec 01 13:34:26 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 5381-5: 1983 ISO 6565:1983 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000. Fax: 020 8996 7400. 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