ISO-16000-6-2004.pdf

Reference number ISO 16000-6:2004(E) © ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-6 First edition 2004-03-15 Indoor air Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA® sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FID Air intérieur Partie 6: Dosage des composés organiques volatils dans l'air intérieur des locaux et enceintes d'essai par échantillonnage actif sur le sorbant Tenax TA®, désorption thermique et chromatographie en phase gazeuse utilisant MS/FID -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. © ISO 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii © ISO 2004 All rights reserved -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) © ISO 2004 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Forewordiv Introduction v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions.2 4 Principle.2 5 Reagents and materials3 6 Apparatus.4 7 Conditioning and storage of sorbent tubes.6 7.1 Conditioning6 7.2 Storage of conditioned sorbent tubes before sampling.6 8 Calibration of pump6 9 Sampling6 9.1 Indoor air sampling.6 9.2 Test chamber air sampling.7 9.3 Sampling volumes 7 9.4 Storage of loaded samples 7 9.5 Field blanks .7 10 Analysis8 10.1 General.8 10.2 Thermal desorption.8 10.3 Temperature programme8 10.4 Analysis of the samples.9 11 Identification of single VOCs.9 12 Concentration of analytes in the sampled air9 12.1 General.9 12.2 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs).9 12.3 Total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs).10 12.4 VVOC and SVOC compounds observed outside the TVOC range 11 13 Performance characteristics11 14 Test report12 15 Quality control.13 Annex A (informative) Examples of compounds detected in indoor air and from building products in test chambers.14 Annex B (informative) Safe sampling volumes (SSV) for selected organic vapours sampled on Tenax TA20 Annex C (informative) Storage recovery of solvents on Tenax TA® sorbent tubes .22 Bibliography .24 -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) iv © ISO 2004 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16000-6 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air. ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air: Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde Part 3: Determination of formaldeyhde and other carbonyl compounds Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA® sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FID The following parts are under preparation: Part 5: Measurement strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Ventilation rate measurement Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Emission test chamber method Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Emission test cell method Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) © ISO 2004 All rights reserved v Introduction ISO 16000-1 describes general requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants and the important conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of individual pollutants or groups of pollutants. Aspects of the determination (sampling and analysis) and the sampling strategy of specific pollutants or groups of pollutants are described in the subsequent parts of ISO 16000 (see Foreword). ISO 16000-5, dealing with the sampling strategy for VOCs in indoor air, is in preparation. It is a link between ISO 16000-1 and the analytical procedures described in this part of ISO 16000. Furthermore, the two International Standards ISO 16017-1 on pumped sampling and ISO 16017-2 on diffusive sampling focus on VOC measurements. -,-,- -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-6:2004(E) © ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1 Indoor air Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA® sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FID 1 Scope This part of ISO 16000 specifies a method for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air and in air sampled for the determination of the emission of VOCs from building materials using test chambers and cells. The method is based on use of Tenax TA1) sorbent with subsequent thermal desorption and gas chromatographic analysis1. The method is applicable to the measurement of non-polar and slightly polar VOCs in a concentration range of sub-microgram per cubic metre to up to several milligrams per cubic metre. Using the principles described in this method, some very volatile compounds (VVOC) and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) can also be analysed. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16000-1:2) , Indoor air Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy ISO 16017-1, Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 1: Pumped sampling ENV 13419-1:1999, Building products Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Part 1: Emission test chamber method ENV 13419-2:1999, Building products Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds Part 2: Emission test cell method 1) Tenax TA is the trade name of a product manufactured by Supelco, Inc. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. 2) To be published. -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) 2 © ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 semi-volatile organic compound SVOC organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (240 °C to 260 °C) to (380 °C to 400 °C) NOTE 1 This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization. NOTE 2 Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they decompose before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification of compound volatility that may be used for classification of organic chemicals3. SVOCs have vapour pressures between 102 kPa and 108 kPa. 3.2 volatile organic compound VOC organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from (50 °C to 100 °C) to (240 °C to 260 °C) NOTE 1 This classification has been defined by the World Health Organization. NOTE 2 Boiling points of some compounds are difficult or impossible to determine because they decompose before they boil at atmospheric pressure. Vapour pressure is another criterion for classification of compound volatility that may be used for classification of organic chemicals3. VOCs generally have saturation vapour pressures at 25 °C greater than 102 kPa. 3.3 very volatile organic compound VVOC organic compound whose boiling point is in the range from 120 Aniline 62-53-3 184 Caprolactam 105-60-2 267 Indene 95-13-6 182 Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 211 Pyridine 110-86-1 116 Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 67 b NOTE 1 Safe sampling volumes for organic vapours are given in Annex B. NOTE 2 When analysing VOCs eluting before n-hexane, the complementary sorbents given in ISO 16017-1 can be used. a Value of 1-phenylcyclohexene. b Compounds with boiling points below that of hexane are not retained quantitatively by Tenax TA when using the sampling tube size and sampling volumes recommended in this part of ISO 16000. -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) 20 © ISO 2004 All rights reserved Annex B (informative) Safe sampling volumes (SSV) for selected organic vapours sampled on Tenax TA Table B.1 provides data on extrapolated retention volumes and safe sampling volumes for organic vapours sampled on a 200 mg Tenax TA sorbent tube at 20 °C3, 10, 11, 12. CAS numbers of the compounds are listed in Table A.1. Table B.1 SSVs for organic vapours sampled on Tenax TA Boiling point Vapour pressure Retention volume SSV SSV per gram Desorption temperature Organic compound °C kPa (25 °C) l l l/g °C Hydrocarbons Hexane 69 16 6,4 3,2 16 110 Heptane 98 4,7 34 17 85 130 Octane 125 1,4 160 80 390 140 Nonane 151 0,5 1400 700 3500 150 Decane 174 0,13 4200 2100 1,0 × 104 160 Undecane 196 0,14 2,5 × 104 1,2 × 104 6,0 × 104 170 Dodecane 216 0,04 1,26 × 105 6,3 × 104 3,0 × 105 180 Benzene 80 10,1 13 6,2 31 120 Toluene 111 2,9 76 38 190 140 Xylene 138 to 144 0,67 to 0,87 600 300 1500 140 Ethylbenzene 136 0,93 360 180 900 145 Propylbenzene 159 0,3 1700 850 4000 160 Isopropylbenzene 152 0,4 960 480 2400 160 Ethyltoluene 162 2000 1000 5000 160 Trimethylbenzene 165 to 176 0,15 to 0,2 3600 1800 8900 170 Styrene 145 0,88 600 300 1500 160 Methylstyrene 167 0,3 2400 1200 6000 170 Chlorinated hydrocarbons Carbon tetrachloride 76 12 12 6,2 31 120 1,2-Dichloroethane 84 8,4 11 5,4 27 120 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 74 2,7 Not recommended on Tenax TA 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 114 2,5 68 34 170 120 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane 130 0,6 to 0,7 160 78 390 150 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 146 0,67 340 170 850 150 -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) © ISO 2004 All rights reserved 21 Table B.1 (continued) Boiling point Vapour pressure Retention volume SSV SSV per gram Desorption temperature Organic compound °C kPa (25 °C) l l l/g °C Trichloroethylene 87 2,7 11,2 5,6 28 120 Tetrachloroethylene 121 1,87 96 48 240 150 Chlorobenzene 131 1,2 52 26 130 140 Esters and glycol ethers Ethyl acetate 71 9,7 7,2 3,6 18 120 Propyl acetate 102 3,3 36 18 92 140 Isopropyl acetate 90 6,3 12 6 31 120 Butyl acetate 126 1,9 170 85 420 150 Isobutyl acetate 115 2,7 265 130 650 130 t-Butyl acetate 98 Not recommended on Tenax TA Methyl acrylate 81 9 to 11 13 6,5 32 120 Ethyl acrylate 100 3,9 48 24 120 120 Methyl methacrylate 100 3,7 55 27 130 120 Methoxyethanol 125 0,8 6 3 15 120 Ethoxyethanol 136 0,51 10 5 25 130 Butoxyethanol 170 0,1 70 35 170 140 Methoxypropanol 118 1,2 (20 °C) 27 13 65 115 Methoxyethyl acetate 145 0,27 16 8 40 120 Ethoxyethyl acetate 156 0,16 30 15 75 140 Butoxyethyl acetate 192 0,04 300 150 750 160 Aldehydes and ketones Methyl ethyl ketone 80 10,3 6,4 3,2 16 120 Methyl isobutyl ketone 118 0,8 52 26 130 140 Cyclohexanone 155 0,45 340 170 850 150 3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2- enone 214 0,05 11000 5600 28000 90 Furfural 162 0,5 600 300 1500 200 Alcohols n-Butanol 118 0,67 10 5 25 120 Isobutanol 108 1,6 5,6 2,8 14 120 t-Butanol 83 1,17 Not recommended on Tenax TA Octanol 180 0,1 2800 1400 7000 160 Phenol 182 0,03 480 240 1200 190 Others Pyridine 116 16 8 40 150 Aniline 184 0,09 440 220 1100 190 Nitrobenzene 211 0,02 28000 14000 70000 200 -,-,- ISO 16000-6:2004(E) 22 © ISO 2004 All rights reserved Annex C (informative) Storage recovery of solvents on Tenax TA sorbent tubes Table C.1 provides data on storage recovery of solvents on Tenax TA sorbent tubes ISO 16017-1. The CAS numbers of the compounds are listed in Table A.1. Table C.1 Solvent recovery after storage on Tenax TA sorbent tubes Storage time 5 months Storage time 11 months Organic compound Loading µg Mean recoverya % Precision % CV Mean recovery % Precision % CV Hydrocarbons Hexane 7,8 93,6 17,9 100,8 26,1 Heptane 8,4 99,5 2,1 100,0 1,3 Octane 8,6 100,1 1,8 100,0 0,5 Nonane 12,0 Nd Nd 101,0 0,4 Decane 9,2 100,4 1,5 100,2 0,5 Undecane 9,1 100,7 1,5 100,2 0,2 Dodecane 9,9 101,8 1,5 101,5 0,4 Benzene 11,0 98,7 2,0 98,6 0,8 Tolu