ISO-15702-1998.pdf

A Reference number ISO 15702:1998(E) IULTCS/IUF 435 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15702 IULTCS IUF 435 First edition 1998-05-01 Leather Tests for colour fastness Colour fastness to machine washing Cuir Essais de solidité des teintures Solidité des teintures au lavage en machine Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15702:1998(E) © ISO 1998 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genève 20 Switzerland Internetcentraliso.ch X.400c=ch; a=400net; p=iso; o=isocs; s=central Printed in Switzerland ii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non- governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 15702 was prepared by the Fastness Tests Commission of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUF Commission, IULTCS). It is based on IUF 435 published in J. Soc. Leather Tech. Chem., 76, pp. 180-182 (1992), and declared an official method of the IULTCS in October 1993. Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © ISOISO 15702:1998(E) iii Introduction In some countries, it has become customary to wash items containing leather components, such as sport shoes, rucksacks etc., in washing machines. Also labels on clothing that are washed in machines are sometimes made of leather. In order to assess leathers designed to be used for such items, a machine washing test method has been developed. This International Standard assesses the colour fastness of such leathers under relatively severe conditions, using an alkaline detergent, which has been developed for textiles. It is not intended to replace ISO 15703, Leather Tests for colour fastness Colour fastness to mild washing, which assesses the colour fastness of leather to mild hand washing. The detergent specified in this International Standard contains a high percentage of phosphate, which may affect some leather dyes unfavourably and which is, for environmental reasons, reduced or even banned from use in commercial textile detergents in many countries. But no other internationally agreed detergent is available and it fulfils the purpose of the test, which is to measure the colour fastness of leather to a process that is characteristic for textiles. As soon as such an alternative detergent is agreed on internationally, a revision of this method will be considered. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD © ISOISO 15702:1998(E) 1 Leather Tests for colour fastness Colour fastness to machine washing 1Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the resistance of leather to washing in a washing machine under specified conditions. The method is suitable for assessing the change in colour of the leather, the staining of an adjacent textile fabric and any change in the finish of the leather. This method can also be used in leather preparation for assessing the change in any other physical or chemical property during machine washing. 2Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 105-A01:1994, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A01: General principles of testing. ISO 105-A02:1993, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour. ISO 105-A03:1993, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A03: Grey scale for assessing staining. ISO 105-A04:1989, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A04: Method for the instrumental assessment of the degree of staining of adjacent fabrics. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15702:1998(E) © ISO 2 ISO 105-A05:1996, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A05: Instrumental assessment of change in colour for determination of grey scale rating. ISO 105-F10:1989, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part F10: Specification for adjacent fabric: Multifibre. ISO 2419:1972, Leather Conditioning of test pieces for physical tests. ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods. IUP 2, Sampling. 3Principle A composite specimen of the leather and an adjacent textile fabric is agitated together with PTFE rods in washing liquor, rinsed and then squeezed and dried. The change in colour of the specimen and the adjacent textile fabric are assessed with the standard grey scale and, if applicable, any changes in the finish are noted. The general colour fastness testing principles used are in accordance with those described in ISO 105-A01, taking into account the differences between textile substrates and leather. 4Apparatus and materials Ordinary laboratory apparatus and 4.1Test apparatus1), consisting of a rotating drum of capacity approximately 500 ml made typically of glass or stainless steel and sealed with solvent-resistant rubber gaskets. 4.2PTFE rods2), 20 mm ± 2 mm long, 7 mm to 9 mm in diameter. 4.3Plain-weave fabric, measuring 100 mm x 36 mm, for use as adjacent fabric. NOTE 1 Type DW multifibre fabric2) as specified in ISO 105-F10 is normally used. 4.4Detergent2), usually ECE Colour Fastness Test Detergent 77 or equivalent. 4.5Water, grade 3 in defined in ISO 3696. 4.6Grey scale for assessing staining, in accordance with ISO 105-A03, and grey scale for assessing change in colour, in accordance with ISO 105-A02. NOTE 2 If a suitable instrumental system is available for measuring the change in colour in accordance with ISO 105-A04 and ISO 105-A05, this may be used instead of the visual assessment method. 1) Examples of suitable apparatus available commercially are given in annex A. 2) Examples of commercial sources are given in annex A. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © ISO ISO 15702:1998(E) 3 5Test specimen If the piece of leather available for testing is a whole hide or skin, then first take a sample in accordance with IUP 2. Take a specimen of leather measuring 100 mm x 36 mm which is representative of the piece of leather available for testing. NOTE 3 If the same specimen of leather is required for other chemical or physical tests after the mild washing treatment, for example to assess the dimensional stability after mild washing, then a larger specimen will be more appropriate. Assemble the composite specimen by placing the piece of adjacent fabric (4.3) over the leather specimen and attaching them together, for example by inserting two steel staples or stitching them together with a thread, at the narrow ends of the leather specimen. Attach the adjacent fabric to the flesh side of grain leathers and to the side worn inside for other leathers. 6Procedure 6.1Prepare a suitable quantity of washing liquor by adding 4,0 g of detergent (4.4) to every litre of water (4.5) and stirring vigorously until no solids are visible. 6.2Place 100 ml of the washing liquor and 20 PFTE rods (4.2) in the drum (see 4.1), and warm to 40 °C ± 2 °C. Place the composite specimen in the drum and rotate at 40 rpm ± 5 rpm for 30 min, maintaining the temperature at 40 °C ± 2 °C. 6.3Remove the washing liquor and replace it with 100 ml of water (4.5) at 40 °C ± 2 °C (rinsing water). Rotate the drum at 40 rpm ± 5 rpm for 10 min, maintaining the temperature at 40 °C ± 2 °C. Repeat that rinsing procedure once more with fresh rinsing water. 6.4Remove the composite specimen from the drum, place it between sheets of blotting paper, and the blotting paper between glass plates. Place a weight of 4,5 kg on the upper glass plate and maintain the pressure for 1 min. Take the composite specimen out, unfasten one narrow end and place the composite specimen, opened out, on a horizontal grille so that the leather and adjacent fabric are not touching. Let the composite specimen dry in air under standard conditions as specified in ISO 2419 (20 °C ± 2 °C and 65 % ± 2 % RH). Stake the leather lightly. 6.5Assess the change of colour of the grain side (or side worn outside) of the leather either visually in accordance with ISO 105-A02 or instrumentally in accordance with ISO 105-A05. 6.6Assess the staining of the adjacent fabric either visually in accordance with ISO 105-A03 or instrumentally in accordance with ISO 105-A04. 6.7Note any changes in the leather finish, if applicable. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15702:1998(E) © ISO 4 7Test report The test report shall include the following information: a)a reference to this International Standard; b)a description of the type of leather tested; c)an indication as to which surface of the leather was tested; d)the detergent used; e)the adjacent fabric used; f)a description of the apparatus used; g)the grey scale method and the grey scale rating obtained for the change in colour of the leather specimen; h)the grey scale method and the grey scale ratings obtained for the staining of the adjacent fabric, giving a separate rating for each of the different types of fibre; i)details of any changes in the leather finish, if applicable; j) details of any deviations from the procedure; k)the date of the test. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- © ISO ISO 15702:1998(E) 5 Annex A (informative) Commercial sources for apparatus and materials Examples of suitable products available commercially are given below. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of these products. A.1A suitable apparatus 1.Wacker apparatus, made by Dose Maschinenbau GmbH, Industriestr. 5, D-77839 Lichtenau, Germany. NOTE 4 The glass containers in the Wacker apparatus have a total volume of approximately 2 litres. However, they are considered to have a working capacity of 500 ml. 2.Launder-Ometer, as referred to in various AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists) methods, supplied by Atlas Electric Devices Co., 4114 Ravenswood Ave., Chicago IL 60613, USA. 3.Linitest, supplied by Heraeus Industrietechnik GmbH, Original Hanau-Materialprüftechnik, Postfach 1565, D-63405 Hanau, Germany. A.2Adjacent fabric SDC type DW multifibre fabric which conforms with ISO 105-F10, is normally used. Supplier: Society of Dyers and Colourists, P.O. Box 244, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD1 2JB, England. A.3Detergent ECE Colour Fastness Test Detergent 77 is usually used. It is manufactured and packed by Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf 1, Germany. Small quantities suitable for laboratory use may be obtained from EMPA Testmaterials, Mövenstrasse 12, CH-9015 St. Gallen-Winkeln, Switzerland. A.4PTFE rods PTFE rods are obtainable from EMPA Testmaterials, Mövenstrasse 12, CH-9015 St. Gallen- Winkeln, Switzerland. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 15702:1998(E) © ISO 6 Annex B (informative) Bibliography 1IUF 120, General principles of colour fastness testing of leather. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 19:28:53 MDTNo reprodu