ISO-16232-10-2007.pdf

Reference number ISO 16232-10:2007(E) © ISO 2007 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16232-10 First edition 2007-06-01 Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 10: Expression of results Véhicules routiers Propreté des composants des circuits de fluide Partie 10: Expression des résultats ISO 16232-10:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii © ISO 2007 All rights reserved ISO 16232-10:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Principles. 2 5 Expression of results of gravimetric analysis. 2 5.1 Necessary data 2 5.2 Expression of results . 2 6 Expression of results of particle size distribution analysis - Component Cleanliness Code, CCC 3 6.1 Necessary data 3 6.2 Size classes. 3 6.3 Contamination level 5 6.4 Component Cleanliness Code (CCC) 5 7 Expression of results by the number of particles per component 6 7.1 Size classes. 6 7.2 Contamination level 6 7.3 Component Cleanliness Code. 6 8 Largest particle. 7 9 Test report . 7 Annex A (informative) Recommendation of use of the Component Cleanliness Code (CCC). 9 Annex B (informative) Determination of the wetted volume of a component 10 Annex C (informative) Examples of Component Cleanliness Codes 13 Annex D (informative) Alternative transitional expression of cleanliness. 15 Annex E (informative) Example of test report - Cleanliness inspection report according to ISO 16232. 16 Bibliography. 19 ISO 16232-10:2007(E) iv © ISO 2007 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16232-10 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 5, Engine tests. ISO 16232 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits: Part 1: Vocabulary Part 2: Method of extraction of contaminants by agitation Part 3: Method of extraction of contaminants by pressure rinsing Part 4: Method of extraction of contaminants by ultrasonic techniques Part 5: Method of extraction of contaminants on functional test bench Part 6: Particle mass determination by gravimetric analysis Part 7: Particle sizing and counting by microscopic analysis Part 8: Particle nature determination by microscopic analysis Part 9: Particle sizing and counting by automatic light extinction particle counter Part 10: Expression of results ISO 16232-10:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved v Introduction The presence of particulate contamination in a fluid system is acknowledged to be a major factor governing the life and reliability of that system. The presence of particles residual from the manufacturing and assembly processes will cause a substantial increase in the wear rates of the system during the initial run-up and early life, and may even cause catastrophic failures. In order to achieve reliable performance of components and systems, control over the amount of particles introduced during the build phase is necessary, and measurement of particulate contaminants is the basis of control. The ISO 16232 series has been drafted to fulfil the requirements of the automotive industry, since the function and performance of modern automotive fluid components and systems are sensitive to the presence of a single or a few critically sized particles. Consequently, ISO 16232 requires the analysis of the total volume of extraction liquid and of all contaminants collected using an approved extraction method. The ISO 16232 series has been based on existing ISO International Standards such as those developed by ISO/TC 131/SC 6. These International Standards have been extended, modified and new ones have been developed to produce a comprehensive suite of International Standards to measure and report the cleanliness levels of parts and components fitted to automotive fluid circuits. This part of ISO 16232 defines rules for expressing these cleanliness levels when measured by the methods defined in ISO 16232-6, ISO 16232-7, ISO 16232-8 and ISO 16232-9. Users of the ISO 16232 series introducing this coding system are encouraged to inform the ISO/TC 22/SC 5 secretariat of any problems met, through their national standards organization. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16232-10:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 10: Expression of results 1 Scope This part of ISO 16232 defines the rules and the forms of expression and presentation of the results of measurements of particulate cleanliness of components for the fluid circuits of motor vehicles. It also defines a cleanliness coding system for simplifying the reporting and communication of particulate contamination data. This part of ISO 16232 also defines the rules to be used for specifying cleanliness requirements. This part of ISO 16232 does not concern the expression of particulate cleanliness of fluids. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16232-1, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 1: Vocabulary ISO 16232-2, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 2: Method of extraction of contaminants by agitation ISO 16232-3, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 3: Method of extraction of contaminants by pressure rinsing ISO 16232-4, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 4: Method of extraction of contaminants by ultrasonic techniques ISO 16232-5, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 5: Method of extraction of contaminants on functional test bench ISO 16232-6, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 6: Particle mass determination by gravimetric analysis ISO 16232-7, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 7: Particle sizing and counting by microscopic analysis ISO 16232-8, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 8: Particle nature determination by microscopic analysis ISO 16232-9, Road vehicles Cleanliness of components of fluid circuits Part 9: Particle sizing and counting by automatic light extinction particle counter ISO 16232-10:2007(E) 2 © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16232-1 apply. 4 Principles Particulate contamination, as measured in the whole volume of extraction fluid used in one of the methods of extraction and analyses described in ISO 16232 series, is quantified: per component; to a reference surface of 1 000 cm2 of wetted surface of a component; to a reference volume of 100 cm3 of wetted volume of a component. The level of particulate contamination can be expressed by the total mass, by the particle-size distribution (number of particles per size class) possibly combined with the nature of particles or by the dimension of the largest particle(s) found. Data can also be combined, e.g. total mass and largest particle. Cleanliness levels shall only be compared if they are in the same measurement units, i.e. either per 1000 cm2 of wetted surface area or 100 cm3 of wetted volume. The cleanliness levels expressed per component shall never be compared one with the other. They shall only be used to compare a result to a specification. Annex A gives recommendation for using the appropriate Component Cleanliness Code (CCC) codification. NOTE In view of the different physical principles used to evaluate the size of the particles (e.g. a microscope or a light extinction automatic particle counter), the particulate contamination level measured on the same extraction sample can be different. 5 Expression of results of gravimetric analysis 5.1 Necessary data The expression of the results of a gravimetric analysis requires knowledge of the following characteristics: 1) wetted volume (VC) or wetted surface area (AC) or VC/AC ratio of the component (see Annex B for an example); 2) number of components analysed if the contaminants are collected from more than one component; 3) total mass (mg) of contaminants collected by extraction. NOTE There is no relationship between the gravimetric analysis results and the other contamination analysis results (e.g. particle counting). 5.2 Expression of results 5.2.1 Mass per component (mCp) Let n be the number of components analysed and m the total mass of contaminants collected, then: Cp mg per component m m n = -,-,- ISO 16232-10:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 When low weight or/and small components are analysed, the result can be expressed as the mass of contaminants for n components. This is written as: Cp mg forcomponentsmmn= NOTE The cleanliness level reported by the mass per component varies arbitrarily depending on both, the size of the part and amount of its contamination. 5.2.2 Mass per unit surface area of component (mA) If AC is the wetted surface area of the component (cm2) and m the total mass (mg) of contaminant collected, then: 2 C 1000 in mg/1000 cm of component A m m A × = 5.2.3 Mass per unit volume of component (mV) If VC is the wetted volume of the component (cm3) and m the total mass (mg) of contaminant collected, then: C 100 V m m V × = in mg/100 cm3 of component 6 Expression of results of particle size distribution analysis - Component Cleanliness Code, CCC 6.1 Necessary data To present the data from the extraction tests in this form and obtain the CCC requires the information detailed in 5.1 and the following: all or part of the counting size intervals chosen from Table 1 as specified in the inspection document; wetted volume (VC) or wetted surface area (AC) or VC/AC ratio of the component (see Annex B for an example); number of components analysed if the contaminants are collected from more than one component; the numbers of the particles extracted from the component(s) analysed in each of the specified size ranges. 6.2 Size classes The particles are counted in all or part of the size ranges defined by an inclusive lower size (called x1) and an exclusive higher one (called x2) among those listed in Table 1. Each size range is labelled by a letter which defines a size class. -,-,- ISO 16232-10:2007(E) 4 © ISO 2007 All rights reserved Table 1 Size classes for particle counting Size class Size x (µm) B 5 u x 15 C 15 u x 25 D 25 u x 50 E 50 u x 100 F 100 u x 150 G 150 u x 200 H 200 u x 400 I 400 u x 600 J 600 u x 1 000 K 1 000 u x NOTE According to individual requirements, size ranges may be combined and/or left out. Table 2 Definition of the cleanliness level of a component Number of particles per 100 cm3 or per 1 000 cm2 More than Up to and including Cleanliness level 0 0 00 0 1 0 1 2 1 2 4 2 4 8 3 8 16 4 16 32 5 32 64 6 64 130 7 130 250 8 250 500 9 500 1 × 103 10 1 × 103 2 × 103 11 2 × 103 4 × 103 12 4 × 103 8 × 103 13 8 × 103 16 × 103 14 16 × 103 32 × 103 15 32 × 103 64 × 103 16 64 × 103 130 × 103 17 130 × 103 250 × 103 18 250 × 103 500 × 103 19 500 × 103 1 × 106 20 1 × 106 2 × 106 21 2 × 106 4 × 106 22 4 × 106 8 × 106 23 8 × 106 16 × 106 24 NOTE In the test report, it is advisable that the raw number of particles also be noted. ISO 16232-10:2007(E) © ISO 2007 All rights reserved 5 6.3 Contamination level The level of particulate contamination of a component in a given particle size class is expressed by the number specified in Table 2 as a function of the number of particles counted on the component with respect to the geometrical unit (100 cm3 or 1 000 cm2) chosen. 6.4 Component Cleanliness Code (CCC) 6.4.1 The Cleanliness Code of Components (CCC) is written as a sequence, enclosed in parentheses and separated by slashes, of alphanumerical pairs specifying all or several of the size classes from Table 1 and their level of contamination given by Table 2. The capital letters A or V printed before the parentheses explains if the code refers either to 1 000 cm2 of wetted surface area or to 100 cm3 of wetted volume of the component. 6.4.2 When the CCC refers to the whole size ranges a