ISO-4383-2000.pdf

Reference number ISO 4383:2000(E) ©ISO 2000 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4383 Third edition 2000-04-15 Plain bearings Multilayer materials for thin-walled plain bearings Paliers lisses Matériaux multicouches pour paliers lisses minces Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. 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CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 734 10 79 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii© ISO 2000 All rights reserved Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) © ISO 2000 All rights reservediii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. InternationalStandardISO 4383waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC 123,Plainbearings, Subcommittee SC 2,Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4383:1991), which has been technically revised. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 4383:2000(E) © ISO 2000 All rights reserved1 Plain bearings Multilayer materials for thin-walled plain bearings 1Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for multilayer materials for the manufacture of thin-walled plain bearings (half bearings, bushes, thrust washers). The multilayer material consists of a steel backing, the bearing layer (cast, sintered, roll bonded) and possibly an electrodeposited overlay. NOTEEnvironmental concerns will, in the future, restrict the use of some materials such as lead. 2Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 4381,Plain bearings Lead and tin casting alloys for multilayer plain bearings. ISO 4382-1,Plain bearings Copper alloys Part 1: Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings. ISO 6691,Thermoplastic polymers for plain bearings Classification and designation. 3Requirements 3.1Chemical composition The chemical composition shall be within the limits specified in Tables 1 to 5, where single figures denote maximum values. 3.2Steel backings The chemical composition of the steel for backings shall be the subject of agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. In general, low carbon steel will be used. For the bronze/polymer composite materials listed in Table 4, copper-coated steel may be used. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) 2© ISO 2000 All rights reserved 3.3Bearing layers Bearing metals based on lead and tin shall be in accordance with Table 1. Bearing metals based on copper shall be in accordance with Table 2. Bearing metals based on aluminium shall be in accordance with Table 3. Bearing layers based on sintered porous bronze and polymers shall be in accordance with Table 4. NOTEThere is now a new class of aluminium-based materials containing both aluminium and silicon or manganese as well as a “soft“ material such as lead or tin. Detailed information is available from individual manufacturers. 3.4Overlays Overlays in accordance with Table 5 may be applied for bearing metal layers as indicated in Table A.2. The thickness of the overlay and any additional layers between the bearing metal layer and the overlay shall be the subject of agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. 3.5Properties and selection of materials Guidance on bearing metal hardness in strip form and uses of bearing metals is given in annex A. 4Designation EXAMPLE A multilayer material consisting of a steel backing, the bearing metal CuPb24Sn as cast (G) and the overlay PbSn10Cu2 is designated as follows: Bearing metal ISO 4383 - G - CuPb24Sn - PbSn10Cu2 Table 1 Lead and tin alloys (see ISO 4381) Chemical composition, % (m/m) Chemical element PbSb10Sn6PbSb15SnAsPbSb15Sn10SnSb8Cu4 PbRemainderRemainderRemainder0,35 Sb9 to 1113,5 to 15,514 to 167 to 8 Sn5 to 70,9 to 1,79 to 11Remainder Cu0,70,70,73 to 4 As0,250,8 to 1,20,60,1 Bi0,10,10,10,08 Zn0,010,010,010,01 Al0,010,010,010,01 Fe0,10,10,10,1 Total others0,20,20,20,2 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) © ISO 2000 All rights reserved3 Table 2 Copper alloys Chemical composition, % (m/m) CuPb10Sn10 a CuPb17Sn5CuPb24Sn4CuPb24SnCuPb30 Chemical element G - cast P - sintered G - castG - cast P - sintered G - cast P - sintered P - sintered CuRemainderRemainderRemainderRemainderRemainder Pb9 to 1114 to 2019 to 2719 to 2726 to 33 Sn9 to 114 to 63 to 4,50,6 to 20,5 Zn0,50,50,50,50,5 P0,10,10,10,10,1 Fe0,70,70,70,70,7 Ni0,50,50,50,50,5 Sb0,50,50,50,50,5 Total others0,50,50,50,50,5 a The chemical composition of this alloy differs from that of solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings (see ISO 4382-1). Table 3 Aluminium alloys Chemical composition, % (m/m) Chemical element AlSn20CuAlSn6CuAlSi11CuAlZn5Si1,5Cu1Pb1Mg AlRemainderRemainderRemainderRemainder Cu0,7 to 1,30,7 to 1,30,7 to 1,30,8 to 1,2 Sn16,5 to 22,55,5 to 70,20,2 Ni0,11,30,10,2 Si0,7 a 0,7 a 10 to 121 to 2 Fe0,7 a 0,7 a 0,30,6 Mn0,7 a 0,7 a 0,10,3 Ti0,20,20,10,2 Pb0,7 to 1,3 Zn4,4 to 5,5 Mg0,6 Total others0,50,50,30,4 a Total Si + Fe + Mn content shall not exceed 1 %. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) 4© ISO 2000 All rights reserved Table 4 Sintered bronze with polymer running surface Chemical composition, % (m/m) Chemical element CuSn10CuPb10Sn10 CuRemainderRemainder Pb9 to 12 Sn9 to 129 to 12 P0,30,3 Total others0,50,5 Running surface and polymer impregnated with fillers against friction and wear (see ISO 6691) PTFEPOMPVDFPTFEPVDF Porous sintered bronzePorosity 20 % to 45 % (V/V) Table 5 Overlays Chemical composition, % (m/m) Chemical element PbSn10Cu2PbSn10PbIn7 PbRemainderRemainderRemainder Sn8 to 128 to 12 Cu1 to 3 In5 to 10 Total others0,50,50,5 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) © ISO 2000 All rights reserved5 Annex A (informative) Guidance on properties and selection of materials See Tables A.1 and A.2. Table A.1 Bearing metal hardness in strip form Bearing alloyAs castSintered Rolled and annealed Special treatments PbSb10Sn619 HV to 23 HV15 HV to 19 HV PbSb15SnAs16 HV to 20 HV PbSb15Sn1018 HV to 23 HV SnSb8Cu417 HV to 24 HV CuPb10Sn1070 HB to 130 HB60 HB to 90 HB60 HB to 140 HB CuPb17Sn560 HB to 95 HB CuPb24Sn460 HB to 90 HB45 HB to 70 HB45 HB to 120 HB CuPb24Sn55 HB to 80 HB40 HB to 60 HB40 HB to 110 HB CuPb3030 HB to 45 HB AlSn20Cu30 HB to 40 HB45 HB to 60 HB AlSn6Cu35 HB to 45 HB AlSi11Cu45 HB to 60 HB AlZn5Si1,5Cu1Pb1Mg45 HB to 70 HB70 HB to 100 HB NOTEHardness values may be increased by skin-rolling; tests should be carried out in accordance with ISO 4384-1. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100 Not for Resale, 04/23/2007 09:05:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ISO 4383:2000(E) 6© ISO 2000 All rights reserved Table A.2 Guidance on use of bearing metals and for the hardness of the mating bearing part (shaft) Bearing alloy (overlays) Characteristics Principal uses in high-speed engines Minimum hardness of the shaft a PbSb10Sn6 PbSb15SnAs PbSb15Sn10 Soft; corrosion resistant; relatively good performance with marginal lubrication; low fatigue strength; operates with hard or soft shafts. Lightly loaded main and connecting rod bearings; bushes; thrust washers. 180 HB SnSb8Cu4 Soft; good corrosion resistance; has the best performance of all bearing alloys under conditions of marginal lubrication; poor fatigue resistance; operates with hard or soft shafts. Lightly loaded main and connecting rod bearings; bushes; thrust washers. 220 HB CuPb10Sn10 Very high fatigue strength and shock resistance; good corrosion resistance; hard shaft desirable. Wrapped bushes, thrust washers; small end bushes. 53 HRC CuPb17Sn5 Very high fatigue strength and shock resistance; hard shaft desirable; normally overlay plated when used as a bearing. Highly loaded main and connecting rod bearings; wrapped bushes; thrust washers. 50 HRC CuPb24Sn4 High fatigue strength and shock resistance; suitable for high-speed shafts, oscillating or rotating motion; hard shaft desirable; normally overlay plated when used as a bearing. Wrapped bushes; thrust washers; main and connecting rod bearings. 48 HRC CuPb24Sn High fatigue resistance with cast alloy; medium to high with sintered alloy; normally plated with an overlay when used in bearing applications and in this form may be operated with hard or soft shafts; susceptible to corrosion by degraded oil when not overlay plated. Main and connecting rod bearings; thrust washers. 45 HRC CuPb30 Moderate fatigue resistance; susceptible to corrosion by degrated oil if not overlay plated; operates with hard shafts unless overlay plated. Main and connecting rod bearings; wrapped bushes. 270 HB AlSn20Cu Moderate fatigue strength; good corrosion resistance; relatively good performance in marginally lubricated conditions; may be operated with soft shafts. Main and connecting rod bearings; thrust washers and wrapped bushes. 250 HB AlSn6Cu Moderate to high fatigue strength; good corrosion resistance; normally plated with an overlay and used with hard shafts. Main and connecting rod bearings and wrapped bushes. 45 HRC AlSi11Cu High fatigue strength; normally used with plated overlays in bearing applications; runs against hard shafts; good corrosion resistance. Main and connecting rod bearings. 50 HRC AlZn5Si1,5Cu1Pb1Mg High fatigue strength; normally used with plated overlays in bearing applications; operates with hard or soft shafts. Main and connecting rod bearings. 45 HRC PbSn10Cu2 PbSb10 Pbln7 Fatigue strength depends on thickness; soft; good corrosion resistance; relatively good performance under conditions of marginal lubrication. Applied to main and connecting rod bearings manufactured from copper/lead-based alloys and the higher strength aluminum-based alloys. a The tabulated hardness values for the shaft material are