高中英语语法复习：《名词性从句》 .ppt

,Grammar Focus: the Attributive Clause,Noun Clause,His job is important.,What he does is important.,This is his job.,This is what he does every day.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,表语,I dont like his job.,I dont like what he does every day.,I dont know about the man, Mr. White.,I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.,宾语,同位语,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词性从句,Noun Clauses (名词性从句),Subject Clause (主语从句),Appositive Clause （同位语从句）,Object Clause （宾语从句）,Predicative Clause （表语从句）,找出各句中的从句并指出是何种从句。 1. I don't know if I can do it. 2. What he is doing seems very difficult. 3. The important thing is how we can improve our studies. 4. Mr Li always thinks of how he can do more for the people. 5. The news that she was pretending to be sick was whispered from one to another.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,宾语从句,二、时态 1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。,I know he - here.(live) I know he- here ten years ago.(live) I have heard that he - tomorrow.(come),lives,lived,will come,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who _ here.(live) I saw she _her mother. (talk) He asked whether his father _ tomorrow. (come back) He said that he _it .(see),lived,was talking with,would come back,had seen,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the earth -around the sun.（travel）,Travel is,三、语序 从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。,1. When will he go to the library? 1 His brother asks when he will go to the library . 2 His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? 1 I dont know what he wants to buy . 2 I dont know what does he want to buy .,1.I dont know what is the matter the troublewrong with him. 2 .I dont know who did it. 3. I dont know who is he,×,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether, if ,as if/as though,when, where, how, why,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 4.He told us _ he felt ill. 5.The result is _ we won the game.,What,That,what,that,that,注意1：that / what的辨用,6.This is _ we want to know. 7. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon. 8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all.,what,what,that,1.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。 2. what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。,Rules,例1. _we cant get seems better than _we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 例2. No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like,考查引导词that与what的区别,1.Whether it is true remains a problem. 2.It remains a problem whether/if it is true. 3. He asked whether/if Mary would attend the ceremony. 4.It depends on whether we have got enough money. 5.The question is whether you should accept it.,注意2：whether与if的辨用,Rules,6.The question whether hell attend the meeting is important. 7.I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. 8.I dont know whether/if it is right or not.,Practice time,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. I dont know _ he is well or not. 3._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 4.It hasn't been decided_we shall attend the meeting.,whether/ if,whether,Whether,whether / if,5.Were worried about _ he is safe. 6. The question is _ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon. 8. I dont know _ to go or to stay at home.,whether,whether,whether,whether,1. 跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。 常用名词有belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, opinion等。Suggestion, suggest order demand wish等 2. 常用连词：that; when, where, why, how 。,同位语从句,3.同位语从句多用that 引导，无意义，不可省。,e.g. 1.消息传来，拿破仑要来视察他的军队。,Word came that Napoleon would come and inspect his grand army.,2.问题是他如何做这件事的。,Its the question how he did it.,4.在have no idea之后用wh-引导同位语从句,I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.,Tell the difference,1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy. 2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.,Appositive,Attributive,3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.,Appositive,Attributive,判断:定语从句or同位语从句,1.The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 2.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 3.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. 4.The news that we got last week is true. 5.The question that we discussed yesterday is a difficult one.,(定语从句),(同位语从句),(同位语从句),(定语从句),(定语从句),主语从句,主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。,It is known to us that he will come here.,It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that . 重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显,It + be + -ed分词 that从句,It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to us/all that . 众所周知 It has been decided that 已经决定,用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：,It + be + 名词 that从句,It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,It + 不及物动词 that从句,It appears that 似乎 It happens that . 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,(1) We think it our duty that we should help others. (2) I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法,例1. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,例2. I hate _when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them 例3. Does _ matter if he can't finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it,1.Go and get your coat.It's_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2.The problem is_ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 3.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which,B,B,C,Practice choosing ( 5m ),4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever,B,B,语序问题,时态问题,关联词的区分,种类,名 词 性 从 句,