良种猪场可行性研究报告 (2).doc

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A great many former pupils will be attending a farewell dinner in his honour next Thursday. It is a curious coincidence that the day before his retirement, Mr Page will have been teaching for a total of forty years. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. For him, this will be an entirely new hobby. But this does not matter, for, as he has often remarked, one is never too old to learn.    Lesson86 Out of control 失控 As the man tried to swing the speed-boat round, the steering-wheel came away in his hands. He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water-skiing for the last fifteen minutes. Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violent1y into the sea. The speed-boat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water. Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore. when they noticed with dismay that the speed-boat was moving in a circle. It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed. In less than a minute, it roared past them only a few feet away. After it had passed, they swam on as quickly as they could because they knew that the boat would soon return. They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle. On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably. The petrol had nearly all been used up. Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.   Lesson87 A perfect alibi 极好的不在犯罪现场的证据 'At the time the murder was committed, I was travelling on the 8.0 o'clock train to London,' said the man. 'Do you always catch such an early train ?' asked the inspector. 'Of course I do,' answered the man.' I must be at work at 10.0 o'clock. My employer will confirm that I was there on time.' ' Would a later train get you to work on time ?' asked the inspector. ' I suppose it would, but I never catch a later train.' 'At what time did you arrive at the station ?' 'At ten to eight. I bought a paper and waited for the train.' 'And you didn't notice anything unusual ?' ' Of course not.' 'I suggest,' said the inspector, 'that you are not telling the truth. I suggest that you did not catch the 8.0 o'clock train, but that you caught the 8.25 which would still get you to work on time. You see, on the morning of the murder, the 8.0 o'clock train did not run at all. It broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.'   Lesson88 Trapped in a mine 困在矿井里 Six men have been trapped in a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was lowered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with the closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.    Lesson89 A slip of the tongue 口误 People will do anything to see a free show-even if it is a bad one. When the news got round that a variety show would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to see it. We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just be- fore the show began. Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest we have ever seen. Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not come. The only funny things we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme. He was obviously very nervous and for some minutes stood awkwardly before the microphone. As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing. We all know what the poor man should have said, but what he actually said was: 'This is the Poo and Ee Seed Bird Company. Good ladies, evening and gentlemen !'   lesson90 Whats for supper ？ 晚餐吃什么？ Though Brazil is one of the richest countries in the world, much of it has not yet been developed. It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian government decided to have a new city built 600 miles north-west of Rio de Janeiro. Designed by the great architect Lucio Costa, the new city, Brasilia, replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazif in 1960. Brasilia has been carefully planned for modern living. Its wide roads, which can take fourteen lanes of traffic, have been kept away from living areas. Children do not have to cross busy streets to go to school. Housewives can visit-shopping centres on foot, for in these specially designed living areas, cars are unnecessary. At first, the government had great difficulty in persuading people to leave Rio and to settle in Brasilia. Since 1960, however, the population has been growing all the time. Brasilia has quickly established itself as the capital of the country. The idea to have the capital moved so far inland will have a great effect on the future of Brazil.   Lesson91 Three men in a basket 三人同篮 A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby. He informed the station at once, but no one there was able to explain the mystery. The officer in the control tower was very angry when he heard the news, because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft. He said that someone might by spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep track of the strange object. The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time. He could make out three men in a basket under it and one of them was holding field-glasses. When the balloon was over the station, the pilot saw one of the men taking photographs. Soon afterwards, the balloon began to descend and it landed near an airfield. The police were called in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two Members of Parliament and the Commanding Officer of the station! As the Commanding Officer explained later, one half of the station did not know what the other half was doing !    Lesson92 Asking for trouble 自找麻烦 It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the door-bell, but she was fast asleep, so I got a ladder from the shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom window. I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said,' I don't think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.' I looked down and nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman. I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, 'I enjoy cleaning windows at night.' 'So do I,' answered the policeman in the same tone. 'Excuse my interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when he's busy working, but would you mind coming with me to the station ?'  'Well, I'd prefer to stay here,' I said. 'You see, I've forgotten my key.' 'Your what ?' he called. 'My key,' I shouted.'  Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife who opened the window just as the policeman had started to climb towards me.   Lesson93 A noble gift 崇高的礼物 One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall, had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.   Lesson94 Future champions 未来的冠军 Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age. At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water, It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool. A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool. Many pedal their tricycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once. Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell. Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air.     Lesson95 A fantasy 纯属虚构 When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.  'What has happened ?' she asked. 'How did your clothes get into such a mess ?'  'A fire-extinguisher, my dear,' answered the Ambassador drily. 'University students set the Embassy on fire this morning.' 'Good heavens!' exclaimed his wife. 'And where were you at the time ?' 'I was in my office as usual,' answered the Ambassador. 'The fire broke out in the basement. I went down immediately. of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire-extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted.'  The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat. 'And how can you explain that ?' she asked.   'Oh, that,' said the Ambassador. 'Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think ? Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.'    Lesson96 The dead return 亡灵返乡 A Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way. All night long, people dance and sing. In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a第一章 总 论 第一节项目提出的背景         随着人民生活水平的不断提高，优质肉猪生产迎来了全面发展的黄金时期。在中国全面向小康社会迈进的新时期，随着国民收入的不断提高，消费者对肉食品的需求量将会越来越大，由于我国大部分地区在整个肉食品结构中传统上以猪肉为主，国内市场上优质瘦肉型猪肉的销售是将愈益呈现很大的市场空间，况且，中国加入世贸组织后，更为我国养猪业的发展带来了无限的商机，目前国内市场猪肉价格普遍上扬的现象，就是这种商机初现的生动说明，这表明，长期困扰我国广大农民养猪低效，猪肉市场长期低迷的不利态势即将过去。        根据*党发200314号文件精神，*省农业厅将*规划为优质肉猪基地县，为迎合这一目标的实现，建立良种猪场，对于促进我县优质肉猪生产显得尤为重要和必要。第二节 项目经济及社会必要性评价         *县人民有传统的养猪习惯，养猪积极性高。现有生猪存栏数为24万头，出栏数为23.2万头，但由于所产猪肉脂肪多、瘦肉率低，不适应外销市场的需要，较小的生产规模并没有为饲养户带来应有的经济效益，因此，加快生猪品种改良，生产优质瘦肉型猪肉，适应市场需求，让农民真正做到养猪增收，是目前*县生猪产业的紧迫课题，而建立良种猪场，用以繁育大量的优质品种仔猪是我县进行生猪品种改良的关键，也是必要的前提条件。 第三节项目经济、技术、管理可行性分析         1、自然优势明显        *县地处*地区西部，地处东经107°46108°25，北纬28°28°38，属于中亚热带季风性湿润气候，年均降雨量1200mm，全年无霜期295天，全年积温4781.96241.5，良好的自然气候及丰富的自然资源为养猪业的发展提供了得天独厚的条件。        2、地理优势突出        *县城距*200多公里，距省会贵阳350多公里，326国道及303省道在县境内有近82公里，*著名的黄金水道“乌江”纵贯其问，其流程在*境内有近60公里，为商品猪的外运提供了有效的运输保障。        3、配套设施完善        随着乡乡通公路及村村通电工程的有效实施，现在全县20个乡镇全部通公路，近320个行政村通了公路，325个行政村通了电并进行了农网改造，占全县行政村总数的91.5%，全县现有各种饲料加工企业4个，年加工饲料能力8000吨以上。        4、饲料来源广、劳力资源丰富        我县年产水稻8万多吨，玉米4万多吨，豆类1万多吨，小麦2万多吨，薯类近5万吨，各种青绿饲料近30万吨，县内油脂加工每年产菜油枯2000多吨。此外，由于我县去年退耕还草工程的成功实施，为养猪业的青饲料来源提供了强大的保障。        我县现有农村劳动力26.35万人，这为养猪这个劳动力密集型产业提供了丰富的劳动力资源。        5、服务体系功能健全，群众基础牢固        由于县畜牧局每年持续不断的努力，加强基层畜牧兽医行政管理和服务网络的建设，全县20个乡镇均有畜牧站，各行政村均配备了兽医人员，这些多年从事基层兽医工作的同志，实践经验丰富，技术过硬，责任心强，在种畜引进、畜禽防疫治疗、饲料及药品销售的市场监管，新观念新思想的传播，新产品新技术的推广与应用等方面，一直发挥着重大作用。        *县是传统的养猪县，养猪业历来是农村经济的主要支撑和农民家庭收入的主要来源，在农村经济结构战略性调整和农村产业结构调整中，将大力发展养猪业作为首选项目，与农民长期形成的根深蒂固的传统期望天然契合，定将获得广大农民群众的热烈欢迎和积极配合，收到事半功倍的效果。        6、新式养殖具有较高起点        多年来，由于各基层畜牧工作人员的长期努力，特别是市场经济大潮的冲击，广大养殖户已能普遍接受新科技观念，良种良法、市场销售、投入产出效益等观念在全县农村广大养殖户中已普遍形成。        近几年，我县每年都要从外地引进部分大约克、杜洛免等瘦肉型猪种，养殖户自己出钱500600元竞相购买就是一个有力的例证，1999年起，先后从四川等地购进“长大杂”新品种仔猪在全县范围内试养，以其生长快、出栏期短、饲料回报高、瘦肉多、市场好销及肉价明显高于传统品种等诸多优势，深得广大农村饲养户的接受和喜爱，由此刺激本县许多民问经纪人从四川等地成批板送长大杂仔猪到本县市场销售，常常一抢而空的景象。        新的形势和市场的呼唤，便全县基层政府领导多次在有关会议上将不失时机地建立县级优良种猪繁育基地，提供数量充足，质量可靠的优良长大杂母猪，用以繁殖三元杂交商品仔猪，以满足本县快速发展的生猪养殖业的需要，促进本县养猪业的健康发展议案提出来，呼声甚强。        我局按县委、政府的要求，抢抓养猪业的黄金机遇，积极进行了建立本县优良种猪繁育基地建立项目的一系列前期调研工作。第二章 项目产品及市场需求分析 第一节项目产品分析         该项目的产品主要是用长白猪作父本、大约克夏猪作母本，繁育的二元杂交种母猪和淘汰的商品仔猪，将选育的二元杂交种母猪投放给农户饲养，再用良种场饲养的杜洛克猪为父本进行三元杂交，生产的三元杂交仔猪，具有生产周期短、饲料回报高、瘦肉率高、肉质好等优点。        第二节项目产品的市场调查分析        就我县市场来看，我县目前的生猪生产规模如每年出栏商品肉猪30万头以上，按每头母猪每胎产仔9头，一年2的传播，新产品新技术的推广与应用等方面，一直发挥着重大作用。        *县是传统的养猪县，养猪业历来是农村经济的主要支撑和农民家庭收入的主要来源，在农村经济结构战略性调整和农村产业结构调整中，将大力发展养猪业作为首选项目，与农民长期形成的根深蒂固的传统期望天然契合，定将获得广大农民群众的热烈欢迎和积极配合，收到事半功倍的效果。        6、新式养殖具有较高起点        多年来，由于各基层畜牧工作人员的长期努力，特别是市场经济大潮的冲击，广大养殖户已能普遍接受新科技观念，良种良法、市场销售、投入产出效益等观念在全县农利广大养殖户中已普遍形成。近几年，我县每年都要从外地引进部分大约克、杜洛克等瘦肉型猪种，养殖户自己出钱500600元竞相购买就是一个有力的例证，1999年起，先后从四川等地购进“长大杂”新品种仔猪在全县范围内试