2019-2020同步译林英语必修三新突破讲义：Unit 1 Section Ⅰ　Reading（ Ⅰ ） （Welcome to the unit &amp Reading） Word版含答案.pdf

人和动物之所以能够闻到、听到、尝到、看到、感觉到事物，是因为有感觉 器官。 What's that smell？Do you hear that noise？Taste this！Look at me！Feel this， isn't it soft？When you hear，or even use these phrases，you probably don't stop to think about why we use them.Well， it's because of our senses.Without us even knowing， our sense organs(nose， eyes， ears， tongue， and skin) are taking in information and sending it to the brain for processing.If we didn't have them，we would not be able to smell，see，hear，taste，or touch anything! Senses are the physical means by which all living things see， hear， smell， taste， and touch.Each sense collects information about the world and detects changes within the body.Both people and animals get all of their knowledge from their senses，and that is why senses are so important. All senses depend on the working nerve system.Our sense organs start to work when something stimulates special nerve cells， called receptors， in a sense organ.Once stimulated，the receptors send nerve impulses along sensory nerves to the brain.Your brain then tells you what to do.For example，your sound receptors are often attacked by billions of sound waves.When these signals reach the part of the brain called the cerebral cortex，we become conscious of the sounds. 阅读障碍词 1process处理 2nerve神经 3stimulate刺激，激发 4receptor感受器；受体 5nerve impulse神经冲动 6the cerebral cortex大脑皮层 7become conscious of意识到 诱思导读 根据短文内容，回答下列问题 1What are senses? Senses are the physical means by which all living things see， hear， smell， taste， and touch. 2How do our sense organs work? When something stimulates receptors in a sense organ，the receptors send nerve impulses along sensory nerves to the brain.Your brain then tells you what to do. Section Reading( ) (Welcome to the unit & Reading) .匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思 ( )1.confuse Avt.观察；注意到；评论 ( )2.forecast Bvt.抓紧，抓牢 ( )3.observe Cn.轻松，宽慰 ( )4.narrow Dvi.犹豫，迟疑不决 ( )5.approachEadv.牢牢地，坚定地 ( )6.hesitateFvi.&vt.靠近；着手处理 n靠近；方法；路径 ( )7.graspGvt.使糊涂，使迷惑 ( )8.anxiousHadj.狭窄的 ( )9.firmlyIadj.焦虑，忧虑 ( )10.reliefJvt.&n.预测，预报 答案 15 GJAHF 610 DBIEC .选择下列句中词组的汉语意思 A伸手 B轻松地，安慰 C盼望，企盼 D密切注意 E来帮助某人 F看得到，在视力范围之内 1We have to watch out for fast traffic along here. 2The land came in sight after we had sailed for ten days. 3The monkey reached out a hand through the bars and took the banana. 4We have had everything we can wish for. 5The situation workers saw her was in trouble and came to her aid. 6The little girl smiled in relief when she was told that she had passed the exam. 答案 16 DFACEB Fog by Bill Lowe Fog warning When Polly left home that morning，the city was already covered in a grey mist.At lunch，the radio forecast that the mist (薄雾) would become a thick fog (雾) in the afternoonAt four o'clock，Polly left work and stepped out into the fog.She wondered if the buses would still be running 雾 比尔·洛 浓雾警报 那天早晨波莉离开家时，整个城市已笼罩在灰色的薄雾中。午餐时分，广播 预报说，薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。四点钟，波莉下了班，步入了浓雾中。她想 知道公共汽车是否还会照常运行。 助读讲解 when 引导时间状语从句。that 引导宾语从句。if 引导宾语 从句，此处的 if 意为“是否” 。 No buses to King Street Once out in the street，she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. How far are you going？the bus conductor asked her before he took her fare (车费) King Street，said Polly. Sorry，Miss，replied the man，the truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that farTake the Underground to Green Park.The weather might be better there and you might be able to get a taxi. 没有到国王街的公共汽车 一来到街上，她就快步向她通常乘车的公共汽车站走去。 “您要坐多远？”公共汽车售票员在收下她的车费前问道。 “国王街。 ”波莉答道。 “对不起，小姐， ”售票员回答说， “现实情况是雾太浓了，公共汽车跑不了 那么远。乘地铁到格林公园吧。那里的天气可能好一点儿，您也许能叫到一辆出 租车。 ” 助读讲解 Once out in the street 是省略结构，补充完整为 Once she was out in the street，在句中作状语。once 在此处意为“一就” 。before 引导 时间状语从句。 that 引导表语从句。 从句中的 “too.to.”表示 “太而不能” ， that farso far。 A tall man As Polly observed the passengers on the train，she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.At last the train arrived at Green Park station.While the rest of the passengers were getting out，she glanced (瞥一眼，匆匆 看) at the faces around her.The tall man was nowhere (无处，到处都不) to be seen. 高个子男人 当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感觉有个穿着黑色大衣的高个男人一直 在看着她。地铁终于到达了格林公园站。趁其他乘客下车的时候，她扫视了一下 她周围的那些面孔。哪儿也看不见那个高个子男人了。 助读讲解 while 引导时间状语从句，意为“在期间，趁” 。 Footsteps When Polly got to the station entrance，it was empty.Outside，wherever she looked the fog lay like a thick，grey cloud.There was no one in sight.Polly set off towards Park Street.As she walked along the narrow street，she heard the sound of footsteps approaching，but by the time she reached the corner of the street，the footsteps were gone.Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek，and she heard a man's voice in her ear sayingSorry.The man moved away.She could feel her heart beating with fear. 脚步声 当波莉到达车站入口处时，那里空无一人。外面，她目光所及之处，雾像浓 密的灰云一样聚积着。一个人也看不到。波莉向公园街走去。当她沿着那条狭窄 的街道走时， 她听到了渐近的脚步声， 但当她走到街道拐角处时， 脚步声却消失了。 突然，波莉感到有一只粗糙的手拂过她的脸颊，并且她还听到了一个男人在她耳 边说“对不起”的声音。那个男人走开了。她能感到她的心脏因害怕而怦怦直跳。 助读讲解 when 引导时间状语从句。wherever 引导让步状语从句，意 为 “无论哪里” 。 as 引导时间状语从句， 主句中用了 hear sb./sth.doing 结构。 but 连接并列句，表示转折。by the time 意为“到时” ，引导时间状语从句。 The helpful stranger Then she heard the sound againsoft footsteps behind her.A minute before，she had wished for someone to come along.Now she wanted to run，but fear held her still.The footsteps seemed close now.Then a man's voice came out of the darkness.Is anybody there？ Polly hesitated.At last she answered，Hello，I think I'm lost. A few seconds later，a hand reached out and grasped her arm.Polly found herself staring (盯着看) up at the face of an old man with a beard (胡须) Maybe I can help you.Which road do you want？he asked. I live at 86 King Street，Polly replied. Just take my hand，said the man.Come with me.You'll be all right.He took Polly's hand.Watch out for the step here. In his other hand the man carried a stick.Polly heard it hit the step.I can remember some terrible fogs，but maybe that was before your time.I can't see your face，but you sound young.How old are you？ Just twenty，answered Polly. Ah，twenty！A nice age to be.I was young once.Now we're at the crossroads (十 字路口)Turn left here. I'm quite lost now.Are you sure you know the way？Polly was beginning to feel frightened again. Of course.You really shouldn't feel anxious.He held her hand more firmly. 热心的陌生人 然后，她又听到了那种声音在她身后响起的轻柔的脚步声。一分钟前， 她曾盼望有人跟随。现在她则想跑开，可恐惧让她挪不动脚步。脚步声这会儿似 乎已经离她很近了。接着，黑暗中传来一个男人的声音：“有人吗？” 波莉犹豫了。最终她还是回答道：“你好，我想我是迷路了。” 几秒钟后，一只手伸出来抓住了她的胳膊。波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着 络腮胡子的老人。 “也许我能帮你。你想去哪条路？”他问道。 “我住在国王街 86 号。”波莉答道。 “只要拉着我的手就成， ”老人说， “跟着我走，不会有事儿的。 ”他拉着波莉 的手。 “小心这里的台阶。 ” 老人的另一只手攥着一根手杖。波莉能听见它敲击台阶的声音。 “我还记得几 次糟糕的大雾，不过那可能都是在你出生之前的事了。我看不见你的脸，但你听 起来挺年轻的。你多大了？” “刚 20 岁， ”波莉答道。 “啊，20 岁！多好的年纪啊。我也年轻过。现在我们到了十字路口了。在这 里向左拐。” “我现在是彻底迷路了。您肯定您认识路吗？”波莉又开始感到害怕了。 “当然(肯定)，你真的不用担心。”老人将她的手握得更紧了。 助读讲解 find oneself doing.表示“发现自己正在做某事” 。 The grateful (感激的) helper Here we are.King Street.He stopped. Thank you so much for coming to my aid(帮助)，said Polly in relief.Would you like to come in and rest for a while？ It's very nice of you，said the man，but I'll be off.There may be more people lost today，and I'd like to help them.You see，a fog this bad is rare.It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it's sunnyA blind person like me can't get across the road without help，except in a fog like this. 感恩的帮助者 “我们到国王街了。”老人停住了脚步。 “非常感谢您帮忙， ”波莉如释重负地说道， “您愿意进来休息会儿吗？” “你真客气， ”老人说道， “不过我还是得走了，今天可能还会有更多人迷路， 我想帮助他们。你瞧，像今天这么大的雾是很少见的。这给了我一个机会，来回 报晴天时人们给我的帮助。 像我这样的盲人没有(别人的)帮助是根本过不了马路的， 除非是在这样的浓雾里。 ” 助读讲解 that 引导定语从句修饰先行词 the help， 其中关系代词 that 在从 句中作 give 的直接宾语，此处的 that 还可以省略。when 引导定语从句中的时间状 语从句。can't.without.表示双重否定，意为“没有不能” ，也可以直接 译为肯定句式。 第一步 速读了解文章主题和段落大意 速读 P23教材课文，选择最佳答案 The text mainly talks about APolly's experience in a fog BPolly's school life in London CPolly's experience in a train Dwhat a person should do in a fog 答案 A 第二步 细读把控文章关键信息 细读 P23教材课文，选择最佳答案 1When did Polly's experience happen? AIn the early morning when it was still dark outside. BAt lunch time when Polly was out buying some lunch. COn a foggy night when everybody had to take a train. DIn the afternoon when Polly was on her way back home. 2What did Polly mean by “Are you sure you know the way？” AShe didn't know where she lived and hoped the old man could help her find it out. BShe couldn't find her way，so she couldn't tell the old man how to get to her home. CShe worried that the old man would bring her somewhere else instead of her home. DShe worried that the old man would get lost like her. 3The man who helped Polly out of trouble was Athe man who watched Polly on the train Ban old blind man who always helps others in the fog Cthe old man who made heavy footsteps behind her Dan old man who always gets lost in the heavy fog 4Why did the blind man help Polly? ABecause he wanted to go home with her. BBecause she asked him to come in and rest for a while. CBecause he wanted to pay back the help he had received before. DBecause he had no one to help. 答案 14 DCBC 第三步 研读能力升华 接轨高考 根据 P23教材课文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Polly never foresaw she would one day be helped by an old blind man.At four o'clock that afternoon，she left work and 1.stepped(step) out into the street，ready to go home in King Street.Due 2.to the thick fog，she had to take the Underground to Green Park， then to her house.As it was so foggy that she felt a bit 3.frightened (frighten)On the train she had a feeling 4.that she was being watched by a tall man.5.Walking (walk) towards Park Street，she heard footsteps and felt a man's rough hand brush her cheek.Her heart was beating with fear.Therefore，when she heard another man's 6.footsteps(footstep)，she wanted to run，but fear held her still.Much to 7.her(she) joy，this time an old man carrying a stick reached out his hand, held her hand 8.firmly(firm)，and led her to her street，chatting all the way. In the end，Polly got 9.to know (know) that the old man was blind! Why did he do that on such 10.a day？The old man wanted to pay back the help he received when it was sunny.Polly felt so warm! Everyone needs help and should pay it back.