unit3《teenageproblems》知识点解析(牛津英语九年级上)doc.pdf

9A Unit 3 Teenage problems（2） 第三单元青少年问题 重点难点 21 I hope I cam offer you some useful suggestions.我希望我能够提供一些有用的建 议给你 。 offer 用作动词，意为“提供；” “为提供机会，给予”常用短语“offer sb. sth 或 offer sth. For sb.”意思是“为某人提供某物”。如： I offered him a glass of wine.我敬了他一杯酒。 will you offer the guests some coffee?请你给客人拿一些咖啡好吗？ I ve been offered a job in Japan.日本有份工作要聘请我去做。 The company has offered a high salary.公司提出高薪招聘。 She offered a reward for the return of her lost bracelet.她为寻回遗失的手 镯提出以报酬答谢。 He offered §3,000 for the house.他提出了3000 英镑买这间房子。 We offered him the house for $ 20,000.我们要他出20，0000 美元买这间房子。 offer to do sth.的意思是“主动提出做某事。”如： She offered to carry the box for her mother. 她主动提出要帮她母亲拿箱子。 We offered to leave. 我们表示要走了。 He offered to lend me his bike.他表示要把自行车借给我。 Never to teach fish to swim.莫班门弄斧。 He offered to hit me. 他企图打我。 She offered to help me to learn English.她提出要帮助我学习英语。 offer sth (up) to sb. 的意思是“奉献，祭献”。如： A calf was offered up as a sacrifice to the goddess.向女神献祭一头牺 牲的小牛。 He offered his life to his country.他把生命献给了祖国。 offer one s hand 的意思是“伸出手” “向女子求婚” 。如： He came towards me smiled and offered his hand.他微笑地向我走来并伸出手。 The young man decided to offer his hand to the pretty girl.这个小伙子决 定向那个漂亮的女孩求婚。 offer 也可作名词，意为“提供；提议；提出；出价”等。如： She refused the offer.她拒绝这个提议。 I am open to an offer.我愿意考虑买主的出价。 I ve had an offer of §1200 for the car. 有人向我出价1200 英磅买这辆车。 22 Suggestion 和 suggest的用法。 “ Suggestion ”是名词，它的意思是“建议，提议”“暗示，联想”如： I went there at /on your suggestion.我是根据你的建议去那里的。 Jan was my first suggestion as chairperson.简是我推荐可以任主席的第一人 选。 I have a suggestion to make .我有个建议要提。 I want suggestions about what to do today.今天做些什么，我想听听有何意见。 There is no suggestion that she would resign.没有任何迹象显示她要辞职。 Must advertisements work through suggestion.广告都是通过启发人的联想而发 挥作用。 His speech was full of suggestion.他的演说充满了暗示。 Suggestion 与 advice都可作“建议”解释，但suggestion为可数名词，指对某件 事或某个问题， 尤其是为改进工作或解决问题而提出的“意见或建议” ，常用 make a suggestion. advice一般指有经验或有业务专长的人对某一行动提出带有指点 或指教性的 “意见、 建议或劝告” 。如：医生对病人的医嘱、老师对学生的指教等， 它是不可数名词，只能用a piece of , a bit of ,some 等修饰， advice 作“劝 告”“意见”解释，常用take advice, give advice, follow advice等词组。 Can you give me a piece of advice?=Can you give me a suggestion?你能给 我一条建议吗？ On his advice, I am staying in bed. 根据他的建议，我呆在床上了。 You should take his advice.你应该采取他的建议。 At last they went to their father s old friend and asked his advice.最后他们去 找他们父亲的老朋友，听取他的意见。 Suggest 用作动词，意为“提议、建议、提出、暗示、间接表明”。如： I suggest a tour of the museum.我提议去参加博物馆。 Can you suggest how we might solve the problem?怎样解决这问题，你能出个 主意吗？ He suggested taking the children to the zoo.他提议带孩子去动物园。 They accepted the paper and suggested only one change.他们接受了这篇文 章，只提出改动一个地方。 Suggest 后只可以接动名词作直接宾语，不可以带动词不定式。如： I suggest going out for a walk after supper.我建议晚饭后到外面去散步。 She suggested having a class meeting.她提议开个班会。 Suggest 后面接 that 引导的宾语从句。如果是“建议”的意思，则that引导的从句 要用虚拟语气，谓语部分用should+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。如： I wrote suggesting that he should come for the weekend. 我写信请他来度 周末。 It is suggested that we put on a short play at the party.有人建设我们在 晚会上演个短剧。 I suggest that we (should)go to the Palace Museum on Sunday.我建议星期 天去故宫博物馆。 Suggestion如果后面接的that 引导的从句，表示的意思是“暗示、表明”，则 that 引导的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，必须根据具体情况来确定所用的时态。如： His pale face suggests that he knew the bad news.他苍白的脸表明他知道了 这个坏消息。 What he said suggested that he would like to go with us.他所说的话暗示 他想和我们一起去。 Her expression suggested that she was angry.她的表情说明她在生气。 His pale face suggests bad health.他脸色苍白，说明他身体不好。 动词 advise 表示“建议、劝告”的意思时，它的后面可以跟名词、动名词、不定式 复合结构、 that从句（从句中用should+ 动词原形）如： We advised an early start.我们建议早点出发。 I advised his starting at once.我建议他马上开始。 He advised waiting until proper time.他劝告我们等到适当的机会再行动。 He often advises people to use their brains.他经常劝人们多动脑筋。 I advised that he (should )buy the book.我建议他买这本书。 23 Then work out how much time you need to finish it.然后算出完成作业所需要的 时间。 need 用作及物动词，意为“需要”，后接名词，不定式。如： Do you think you will need help?你想你需要帮忙吗？ I ll call you if anything is needed. 要是需要什么，我就叫你。 They need to unite with and support each other.他们需要互相团结，互相支 持。 Does she need to know it?她需要知道这件事吗？ You don t need to leave so early.你们不需要走得这么早。 need 用作动词，后可接动名词，此时的主语往往是物，而不是人。如： Whose chair needs fixing?谁的椅子需要修理？ My hair needs washing badly.我的头发非常需要洗一洗。 need 可用作情态动词，没有人称、数和时态的变化，一般只用于否定句或疑问句中。 如： So you needn t hurry with the meeting. 所以你们不必急于开这个会。 Need you go so soon?你需要这么早走吗？ Need we start at once?我们必须立刻动身吗？ 24 It seems that you spend a lot of time playing football.看起来你踢足球花了不少时间。 seem用作动词，意为“似乎”“好像”，后可接不定式。如： You seem to have a lot of hobbies.似乎你有许多爱好。 They seem to be teachers.他们好像是教师。 He seems to get on well with his neighbours.看来他跟邻居相处得很融洽。 She seems to have a happy life 她似乎过着幸福的生活。 seem与引导代词it 连用，构成it seems that . 是一个固定句型，It 是形式主语， that引导的主语从句，是真正的主语，意为“看来”“好像”“似乎”。如： it seems that he gets on well with his neighbours.看来了跟邻居相处得很 融洽。 It seems that there is something wrong with the washing machine .似乎那 台洗衣机出了点状况。 It seemed that the Blacks were doing some cooking when the light went out. 看来熄灯时布莱克夫妇正在做饭。 There is /are /was /were句型可表示确定概念，而There seems/seemed to be 句型表示不够确定的概念。又如： There were few visitors in the museum yesterday.昨天博物馆人很少。 There seemed to be few visitors in the museum yesterday。昨天博物馆 似乎人很少。 There is a fridge in the corner of the kichen.厨房的角落里有一台冰箱。 There seems to be a fridge in the corner of the kitchen.厨房的角落里 似乎有一台冰箱。 There are some sheep eating grass on the hill. 山上有一些羊在吃草。 There seems to be some sheep eating grass on the hill.山上似乎有一些 羊在吃草。 25 I usually get a lot of homework from my teachers. 通常老师布置很多作业。 get 作及物动词，意为“得到”如： I got a letter from my friend yesterday.昨天我收到一封朋友的来信。 He got a good mark in the English exam.他在英语测验中得了高分。 Did you get my email?你收到我的电子邮件吗？ I ll come to see you if I get time. 如果我有时间的话，我会来看望你的。 get+ 间接宾语 +直接宾语，意为“弄来，搞来，取来”。如： can you get me a cup of tea?你能给我拿杯茶来吗？ Get the students a good teacher.给学生们找一个好老师。 I ll get you something to eat. 我给你弄点吃的吧。 She has got herself a good husband.她嫁了一个好丈夫。 get+ 宾语 +宾补 She got a new coat made.她定做了一件新大衣。 I must get my hair cut.我得剪头发了。 get+ 名词或代词 +形容词 My mother gets supper ready when I get home.当我到家，我妈把晚餐准备好 了。 You must get your shoes clean.你必须把鞋擦干净。 get 作连系动词，后面加形容词或不定式或现在分词或介词短语等作表语。如： The weather is getting cold.天气冷了起来。 My parents got very angry because I got home late.因为我晚回家，父母很 生气。 We got talking and forgot the time.我们一直在交谈，忘了时间。 It s getting near tea time.快到喝茶的时候了。 get 构成一系列短语，有不同的含义，有时可以用另一动词代替。 get on 上车 get off 下车；（飞机的）起飞 get on/along with进行某事；与相处 get rid of摆脱；除掉 get down 下来；取下来；弯下腰；写下来；记下来。 get back回来（ =come back=return） get a cold 伤风，感冒（ =catch a cold） get the dinner 做饭（ =cook the dinner） get one s lessons 学功课（ =have one s lessons ） get a letter from sb.收到某人来信（=receive a letter from sb.=hear from sb. ） 26. I do not have much time to revise for tests.我没有许多复习迎考的时间。 作动词用，它的意思是“复习（功课）” ，英式英语，与美式英语review同义，相 当于词组go over.如： She s revising his notes for the test. 她正在复习笔记，准备测验。 please revise the words we learned today.请把今天学习的单词复习一下。 He was revising his lessons when I went to see him.我去看望他的时候，他 在复习功课。 revise 的名词形式为revision,意为“复习” “修订”。如： He handed in his exercise book after two revisions.他检查两遍后把作业本 交了。 We are doing some revision for the exam.我们在为考试而复习 Our budget needs drastic revision.我们的预算需作重大修改。 27 To express strong feelings 抒发强烈的感情 express 作动词用，表示（用语言或行动）“表达，陈述，体现”（思想和感情） 。 如； I find it difficult to express my meaning.我发觉难以表达我的思想。 His face expressed sorrow. 他的脸上表露出悲哀。 She expressed surprise when I told her you were coning.我告诉她你要来时， 她表示惊讶。 如要表达“对（某人）表达”时，常用express to sb结构。如： She expressed her thanks to us.她向我们表示致谢。 He could not express his feelings of sadness to his mother.他不能向母亲 表露出内心的悲痛。 I can t express to you how grateful I am for your help. 你对我的帮助，我感激不尽。 express oneself 表示“表达自己的感情或思想”。如： He can express himself well in English 他能用英语清楚地表达自己的思想。 He is still unable to express himself in English.他仍然不能用英语表达他 的意思。 Learning to express oneself well is an important part of education.学会 把意思表达清楚是受教育的一个重要方面。 28 Take turns to share your problems and give advice.轮流分担双方的难题，并提 供建议。 take turns意为“依次” “轮流做”，常用于take turns to do /(at)doing sth. 等结构。如： The students take turns to clean the classroom.学生们轮流打扫教室。 They took turns(at) taking care of the patient.他们轮流照看那个病人。 The newspaper reporter took turns in asking the manager questions.新闻 记者轮流向经理提问。 it s ones turn to do sth. 表示“轮到某人做” 。如： it s your turn to keep guard. 轮到你放哨了。 it s Xiao Mings turn to introduce himself. 轮到小明自我介绍了。 Whose turn is it to clean the office? 该轮到谁打扫办公室了？ 其他由 turn( 名词 ) 构成的短语： At every turn 每次；处处by turns 轮流；逐个地in turn依次；逐个地 I keep meeting him at every turn.我每次都遇见他。 We did the work by turns.我们是轮流做这项工作的。 The girls called out their names in turn.那些女孩子逐一报出她们的名字。 29 My penfriend in the USA hasn t replied to my last three letters. 我在美国的笔友近来 没有回我最后三封信。 可以作名词，意思是“回答，答复”，与 answer 同义。如： She made no reply.她没有回答。 This reply is not an answer.这个答复不中肯。 What did he do in reply to your letter? 你信中提出的事，他有什么反应？ 用作及物动词，后面接从句或直接引语。如： She didn t know what to reply. 她不知道该怎么回答。 He replied that he was busy.他回答说很忙。 “No”he replied.“I only came last month ”.“不” ，他回答道，“我是上月才来的。 ” 作不及物动词用，意为“回答”“答复”。如： I asked him. But he didn t reply.我问他，但他没有回答。 None of my letters have been replied to.我所有的信都没有回音。 I replied with a short note.我回了一封短信。 reply to sb./sth 是“回答，答复”的意思。如： Be sure to reply to me as soon as possible.务必尽快答复我。 Please reply to my question.请回答我的问题。 reply to /with sth. 的意思是“（以行动）作答，回答”。如： He replied with a nod 他点了点头作为回答。 The enemy replied to our fire.敌人和我方还击。 reply 与 answer 区别 answer 用法比较广泛，可指口说或笔写的答复，它是及物动词，可以带宾语。Reply 指较正式的，经过考虑后的答复，它是不及物动词，不可以直接跟宾语。只有加上介 词“ to “后，才可以跟宾语。如： I called ,but no one answered it.我给他打了电话，但没有人接。 Can you answer this question?你能回答这个问题吗？ I sent in my application ,and the university replied immediately.我把申请书送去， 那所 大学立即答复了。 30 Although their problems can make them worry, there are some simple ways to deal with stress. 尽管他们的问题会使他的感到忧虑，但还是有一些简单的办法来处理这种压力。 deal with的意思是“处理（问题、任务等）”如： He dealt with an awkward situation very tactfully.他很巧妙地处理了一个困 难的局面。 Haven t you dealt with that letter yet ? 那封信你答复了吗？ Do you know how to deal with stress? 你知道怎样缓解压力吗？ The next chapter deals with verbs. 下一章讨论动词。 What is the best way of dealing with young criminals? 对付少年犯最好的方法是什 么？ do with 也可表示“对付” “处理”的意思。常与疑问词what 连用，而deal with 常与凝问词how连用。如： We are trying better ways to deal with /do with this matter.我们在努力 寻找处理这个问题的更好的办法。 You should learn how to deal with those naughty children.你应该学会如何 对付那些淘气的孩子。 The new teacher doesn t know what to do with the class. 那位新老师不知道如何对 待他班上的学生。 31 One major cause of stress is homework.压力的一个主要原因是作业。 major 用作形容词，通常作定语：意为“主要的”“较重要的”如： We have encountered major problems.我们遇到大问题了。 She has written a major novel.她写了一部高质量的小说。 The major part of the work is done. 这项工作的大部已经完成了。 major 作名词用，意思是“主修课程”。如： her major is French.她的主修课程是法语。 She chose physics as her major.她选择物理为主修科目。 major 作动词用，意思是“主修，专门研究”。如： She majored in maths and English. 她在大学主修英语和数学。 What subject do you major in at university? 你在大学主修什么？ She is majoring physics at university. 她在大学主修物理。 32 Cause一词的用法。 cause 作“原因，起因”解释时，是可数名词，它后面通常接of 短语。如： What was the cause of the fire ?火灾是怎么引起的？ smoking is the causes of the heart disease. 吸烟是引起心脏病的一种原因。 Ice on the road was the cause of the accident.路上的结冰是造成那次事故的原因。 cause 作“理由，缘故”解释时，是不可数名词，与reason 同义，后面通常接介 词“ for 或 to do ”的短语形式。 You have no cause to complain.你没有理由报怨。 She is never absent from work without good cause.她决不无故缺勤。 cause 作及物动词时，意为“使产生、引起”。如： Smoking can cause lung cancer.吸烟可致肺癌。 The cold weather caused the plants to die.天气寒冷冻死了植物。 He caused his parents much unhappiness.他弄得父母很不愉快。 She is always causing trouble for people她总是给人添麻烦。 His illness caused him to miss the game.他因病不能参加比赛。 reason 意为“理由” 、 “原因”，指导决定做某一件事或采取某一行动的理由，由 此而得出结论或解释；它着重指符合逻辑的解释和推理，后面常常接for引导的 介词短语。如： The reason for my absence was that I was ill.我没来是因为我生病了。 The reason why we are late is that our car did not come.我们迟到的原因 是车没来。 Can you tell me the reason for your being late? 你能告诉我你迟到的原因吗？ excuse 意为“辩解”“借口”，指为某一行为所作的解释，可以是真的，也可以是 托词，着重指为免受指责和失掉责任而寻找的理由。如： I won t listen to your any excuse. 我不想听你的任何借口 Too much work is no excuse for not studying.工作太忙不能成为不学习的 理由。 He gave me his excuse for being late.他向我说明他迟到的原因。 cause 后面通常接名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式。Make若与动词连用，其意 义和用法与cause 相近。但 make在日常会话中用得较广，它与不带to 的动词不 定式连用。常常与不带“to ”的不定式连用。如： Why do you always cause trouble?你为什么总是要找麻烦？ The earthquake caused several buildings to collapse.地震造成了好几座楼 房倒塌。 Nothing could make me change my mind.什么也不会使我改变主意的。 The valve lets water enter the pump.阀门使水流入水泵。 The teacher let the students read English for half an hour in the morning. 老师让学生早晨读半小时的英语。 33 Weight 重量 weight 作不可数名词用，意思是“分量，重量”。如： Bananas are usually sold by weight.香蕉通常按重量卖。 That man is twice my weight.那个男子的体重比我重一倍。 Her weight has increased to 70 kilos.她的体重增加到了70 公斤。 Two boys are (of )the same weight.那两个男孩体重相同。 I m a little fat . I should lose weight. 我有点儿胖了，我要减肥了。 put o weight的意思是“增加体重，发福”。如 ： She has put on his weight since I last saw her.自从上次我见到她以来，她 变得胖了。 over/under weight的意思是“超重” 、 “过轻（不超重） ”如： She is under weight.她体重很轻。 Jim is over his weight.吉姆体重超重了。 weight作为可数名词用，意思是“重物”。如： The dressmaker put small weights in the hem of dress.那裁缝把小块的重的 东西缝制到连衣裙的下摆里了。 The doctor said he must not lift heavy weights.医生说他切不可抬重物。 weight 用作动词，意为“称重，估量”。如： Please weigh the apples for me.请为我称一下苹果。 He weighed the stone in his hands. 他 用 手 估 算 一 下 这 块 石 头 的 重 量 。 synchronous Test 同步测试 一、单项选择： 1You are not good at English ,but you can t A. give it in B. give in it C. give it up D. give up it 2. I can t decide A. what to do it B. how shall I do It C. how to do it D. what shall I do it 3. your English teacher you ? A. Do ,strict in B. Does ,strict with C. is , strict with D. is strict in 4.You must focus your studies. A. in B. on C. at D. with 5.You can t too much time TV. A. take ; to B. pay; for C. spend ;to watch. D. spend ; watching 6.He has to stay at home because he has close friends. A. a few B. few C. little D. a little . 7.“My father bought me a new watch yesterday. ”it is a structure of AS+V+P B。 S+V+IO+DO C。 S+V+DO+CO D。S+V+DO 8If someone laughs at you .you should A. shout at him B. hit him C. pay no attention to him D. cry out 9.if he doesn t go to the cinema tomorrow. A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will I 10. I he come soon. A. think ; won t B. don t think; will C. think; hasn t. D. don t think ;has 11.He was at the news . A. excited ; exciting B. exciting; excited C. exciting ; exciting D.excited ; excited 12. Shanghai is larger than city in China A. any B. any other C. the other D. others 13. I stayed at home .i went to the park to the cinema. A. neither; nor B. either;or C. both ; and D. between; and 14.The Chinese people are living a much life than before. A. happy B. happily C. happier D. happiness 15. He wasn t with his knife , he cut himself . A.careful enough B. enough careful C. carefully enough D.