八年级下册英语预习.pdf

八年级下册英语预习 八年级英语下册Unit 1 Will people have robots61】 预 习学习复习指导201202 单元学习目标1.学会预测未来 2.学会一般将来时的表达法3.能谈论过去、现在和将来 ? 7? 9 Unit 1 预习材料和学习指导一? 7? 9 P.1-P.4 Section A 预习 P.1-P.4 单词的读音和拼写 熟记单词重要知 识点理解 熟练掌握1. paper n. 纸 不可数报 纸书面作业试卷 可数 a piece of paper 一张纸a paper a big piece of red paper 一张大红纸注意 adj. 的位置two pieces of paper two papers 2. pollution n. 污染 不可数pollute v. 污染。其过去 分词 polluted可用作 adj. “ 被污染的 ”polluted water 3. there will be ? 6? 7? 6? 7 there is /are going to be ? 6? 7? 6? 7 说明 there will be 是 there be 句式的一般将 来时 其中的 be 不可改为have 例如 There will be a meeting next week. There is going to be a meeting next week. 4. 比较 in people s homes 在人们的家里 at home 某人在家5. 100 years from now in 100 years 6. live to be 200 years old 重要语法复习一般将来时的用法一 一般将来时的表示方法和动词形式主要有以下几种情况 助动词 willshall 动词原型 do 最常见的一种【注释】 表示将来时will 可用于各种人称但shall 只可用于第一人称 例如例 1We will 或 shall go to the park tomorrow. 2He will shall × go to the park tomorrow. beam is are going to 动词原形 do 用现在进行时 “beam is are doing”表将 来与 will表示将来相近用一般现在时表示将来。这种情 况往往只限于某些说法。 - - 2 八年级英语下册Unit 1 Will people have robots62】预习学习复习指导201202 例 1Tomorrow is Tuesday. 2What are you going to be when you grow up 在时间和条件3We will go to the park if it doesn t rain tomorrow. 状语从句 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 二一般将来时的用法表示在将来发生的事情。见以上各列。 beam is are going to的用法be going to 是一般将来时 的表示方法之一具体用法如下一表示现在说话时已经做出 的安排、计划、打算等。此时常译为打算? 6? 7? 6? 7 例 1My mother is going to hold a party for my birthday next Sunday. 2 Why are you taking off the pictures I m going to mend 修理the house. 二表示根据现在 的判断很可能或一定要发生的事情。此时常译为马上就要 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 例 Look Its going to rain. 【注释】以上两种 用法是 be going to 的专用不可改用will 。 三表示其它将来 的情况常与will可通用。例如1I m going to meet my uncle this afternoon. I will meet my ? 6? 7 2I m going to be 14 next year. I will be 14 next year. 3The meeting is going to begin at seven. The meeting will begin ? 6? 7 四 以下两种情况不可用be going to只可用 willwill的专用 表示现在说话时刚刚才形成的决定时只可用will例如 The telephone is ringing. I ll answer it. 与条件 状语从句连用时只可用will 。 例如We will go to the park if it doesn t rain tomorrow. will shall 还可作情态动词表示 征求意见此时与将来时无关绝不可改用be going towill shall 作情态动词的具体用法如下will 作情态动词表示征 求意见时只可用于第二人称的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句。 例 Will you please open the door 请你打开门好吗有时还 可以说 WouldCould Can you please shall作情态动词 表示征求意见时可用于第一、三人称的一般疑问句或特殊疑 问句。 例 1Shall I/we/he/they open the door ? 6? 7 打开 门好吗要不要 ? 6? 7 打开门呀2Shall we/he/they clean the window 3What shall I/he do ? 6? 7? 6? 7 应该怎么办 呢 4What time shall we/they go to the school ? 6? 7? 6? 7 应该几点到校呢 - - 3 八年级英语下册Unit 1 Will people have robots63】预习学习复习指导201202 ? 7? 9 Unit 1 预习材料和学习指导二? 7? 9 P.5-P.6 Section B 预习 P.5-P.6 单词的读音和拼写 熟记单词 重要 知识点理解 熟练掌握7. space n. 空间太空 不可数 in space 在太空里 space 前不用冠词比较in the sky time and space 时间和空间时空a space ship a spaceship : by spaceship inon× a spaceship 乘宇宙飞船 a space station 太空站 live onin× a space station 8. fly v. 飞行坐飞机飞行使飞行放风筝9. fall n. 秋天 autumn v. 落下跌落 fellfallen fall behind? 6? 7 落 在? 6? 7? 6? 7 后面 fall in love with? 6? 7 爱上 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 10. 比较 alone adv. 单独地独自地。 adj. 单独的 独自的只做表语lonely adj.孤独的寂寞的 指情感上、精 神上例如 He is alone there. But he doesnt feel lonely. 11. 比较 probably adv. 大概很可能 可能性大同义词 maybe adv. 也许可能 perhaps 可能性小12be able to 与 can 两者表能力时常可互换。但 be able to有多种变化形 式前面还可与情态动词may 、must 、助动词 will连用。但 can 只有两种变化形式cancould而且前面不可与may 、 must 、will连用。例如1He is able to do it. He can do it. 2He maymust be able to be do it. 13. dress 的用法1n. 裙子 2vt. sb. 给某人穿衣服如She is dressing the child in red coat. dress sb. in 衣服 put wear 3vi. 穿着衣着 dress well 穿得很好衣着漂亮 dress casually 穿 着随便14 比较 which 与 whatwho 1which与 what 两者均 可指物但 which 哪个哪些有范围限制或范围小what 什么无 范围限制或范围大。what 后不能跟 of 短语。例如 - - 4 八年级英语下册Unit 1 Will people have robots64】预习学习复习指导201202 What color do you like Which color do you like red or yellow WhichWhat× of these colors do you like 2what与 who 均可指人但what 指“ 干什么职业的人” who 指“ 谁” who 后也不能跟of 短语此时要改为which 。which一般指物后 跟 of 短语时也可以指人。试体会1What is your father What does your father do What s your father s job 2Who is your father 3Which of them is your father 15. during dju? 0? 5ri ? 0? 7 prep. 在? 6? 7? 6? 7 期间在 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 过程中。 during the weekthe day my illness the concert 16. take turns doing sth. take turns to do sth. 17. award ? 0? 5w? 0? 0: d n. 奖品 prizewin awards获奖 ? 7? 9 Unit 1 预习材料和学习指导三? 7? 9 P.7-P.9 Self Check Reading 预习 P.7-P.9 单词的读音和拼 写 熟记单词 重要知识点理解 熟练掌握 18come true是个不及物动词短语不能带宾语主语必须是 物。表示 “ 希望理想实现达到成为现实” 。 例如 His dream came true. 不可说 He came true his dream. × 但可说 He made his dream come true. 19company n. 公司略 作 Co.交往交际同伴们团队20thought think 的过 去式和过去分词 n. 思考考虑思想关心 21 fiction 虚构 小说 science fiction 比较 story 短篇小说 novel n? 0? 0v ? 0? 5l 长篇小说 - - 5 八年级英语下册Unit 1 Will people have robots65】预习学习复习指导201202 22in the future 在将来in the near future 在不久的将来。 比较 in future 从今以后今后from now on 例如 1I want to be a scientist in the future. 2Try to work harder in future. 23hundred thousand millionmilj? 0? 5n 百万何 时用复数1 前面有具体数字时不用加-s。如 one two hundred cars 2前面无具体数字时通常要加-s 而且后面常 要跟 of 泛指 “ 许多 ” 。如下hundreds of 数以百计的成百 上千的好几百许多thousands of 数以千计的成千上万 的好几千许多mil lions of 数以百万计的还几百万许多许 多的例 There are hundreds of students on the playground. 24比较 already已经 用于肯陈句句中“ 情 助 be” 之后其他v.之前。yet 已经还 用于否定句或疑问 句句末。 例 He has already come. Has her come yet He hasn t come yet. 25 比较 such 与 so 作“ 如此那样 ” 的区 别 such 是 adj. 修饰 n. so 是 adv. 修饰 adj. 、adv.。两者的区 别类似于感叹词what 与 how 多么的区别。具体如下1 一 般情况 such a adj. n. so adj.adv. 2 特殊情况such a adj. n. so adj. a n。 在 many much few little等前面只可 以用 so such 还可与 all no one manymuchfewlittleseveralsevr? 0? 5l 好几个连用一起 修饰 n.。 此时 such 放于他们之后。例如 1_ a clever child 比较 _ clever a child _ clever children 2 The weather is _ fine. 比较 It is _ fine weather. 3 They have _ delicious bread. 比较 They have _ much bread. 4 All _ books are expensive. I have no _ book. 5There are many _ flowers in the garden. 比较 There are _ many flowers. 26human n. 人人类。复数形式humans humen × 类似的还有German 德国人复数形式 Germans Germen × - - 6 八年级英语下册Unit 1 Will people have robots61】预习学习复习指导201202 27possible adj. 可能的反义词impossible。其主要句型如 下 1It s possible for sb. to do sth. Its possible that从句 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 例 1It s possible for us to have our own robots. 2It s possible that we will have our own robots 2 if possible 如果有可能的话? 6? 7? 6? 7 例 I will help you if possible. 3 as adj.adv. as possible as as cancould 尽可能 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 例 1Please be as careful as possible. 2Please write as carefully as possible. Please write as carefully as you can. 3He ran away as quickly as possible. He ran away as quickly as he could. 28seem的 用法 seem v. 似乎好像。主要句型如下to do sth. The cat seems to drink water. The man seems to be a boss. seem to be adj. The cat seems to be thirsty. like It seems like a ball. that从句 It seems that the cat wants to drink water. 另外 seem 还可用于 there be句式即 There seems to be . 例 There seems to be nobody in the room. 29语 法点拨被动语态 结构 “ 助动词 be donevt. 的过去分词 by ? 6? 7? 6? 7 ”其中助动词be 可以有人称、数和时态等的 变化 用法表示 “ 被? 6? 7? 6? 7” 例 1The computers are used by us every day. 2The computers were used by them yesterday. 30own 的用法 : 1 作 adj. 自己的不可单 用必须放于ones 即 adj. 性物主代词或 s名词所有格之后。 以加强语气。例 1I have an own room.× 我有我自己的房 间。I have my own room. 或 I have a room of my own. sth. of one s own one s own sth. 某人自己的 ? 6? 7? 6? 7 2I saw him with my own eyes. 我亲眼看到他 的。 3This is Tom s own bike. 2 vt. 拥有。 owner n. 拥 有者物主者失主例 He owns a nice car. 31kid n. 孩子 v. 欺骗戏弄 -dd-Are you kidding - -