电大本科汉语言文学《文论专题》试题及答案2小抄参考.doc

专业好文档中央广播电视大学2010-2011学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试文论专题 试题一、单选题（每小题2分，共20分。请将正确答案的序号填在括号内） 1梁启超“薰浸刺提”说对文艺社会作用的阐释，侧重于文艺作品的美感特征与接受者审美需求之间的相互作用等方面，其对文艺的审美特征的探讨，是对( )的一种“放大”研究。A孔子“兴观群怨”说B庄子“言不尽意”说C司空图“韵味”说D严羽“妙悟”说2文心雕龙风格论集中于体性篇。依刘勰之意，作家的创作个性包括有才、气、学、( )等四个方面的因素。A质 B习C识 D力3郭沫若曾在文艺复兴第2卷第3期的鲁迅与王国维一文中，肯定王国维“用科学的方法来回治旧学”，将王国维的( )与鲁迅的中国小说史略称为“中国文艺研究史上的双璧”。 A文学小言 B屈子之文学精神C宋元戏曲考 D人间词话 4司空图的“韵味说”，提出了一系列卓越的创见，对后世的影响极为深远，譬如苏轼的“( )”说就是例证。A.形神 B妙悟c神韵 D境界5在克罗齐看来，人的心智活动有四种不同类型：( )、概念的、经济的和道德的。A.想象的 B诗意的C意象的 D直觉的6鲁迅先生曾将( )与刘勰的文心雕龙相并举而论道：“篇章既富，评骘自生，东则有刘严和之文心，西则有亚里斯多德之( )，解释神质，色举洪纤，开源导流，为世楷式。” A.诗的艺术 B判断力批判C美学 D诗学 7从求美与求真、求善、求利具有根本性区别的认识出发，提出审美活动是超功利、非认识、无目的而合主观目的性、且具有像知识判断一样的普遍有效性的理论的是( )。A.康德 B黑格尔C泰纳 D克罗齐8黑格尔说：“艺术之所以异于宗教与哲学，在于艺术用( )形式表现最崇高的东西”。 A.科学性 B理性 C感性 D目的性 9如果我们将( )的美学理论看作一个逻辑体系，那么作为其出发点、本体或内核的东西，就是一个简单的定义：“直觉即表现即艺术”。A.康德 B克罗齐C黑格尔 D泰纳10.接受美学强调( )阅读与体验对于文学作品的意义产生及最后完成具有重要作用。 A.读者 B作者 C评论者 D主人公二、简答题（每小题12分，共36分） 11.司空图关于诗歌“韵味”的审美内涵具体表现为“近而不浮，远而不尽”，结合下面提供的王维诗歌的片段，简单阐释司空图的“韵味”说。 行到水穷处，坐看云起时。（终南别业）渡头余落日，墟里上孤烟。（辋川闲居）江流天地外，山色有无中。（汉江临汛）12.简要说明李渔的戏曲结构的四点具体主张。 13.韦勒克、沃伦关于评价文学的具体标准有哪些内容？三、论述题（每题22分，共44分） 14金圣叹提出史传和小说在本质特性上有着不同，一个是“以文运事”，一个是“因文生事”。在读第五才子书法中，他说： 某尝道<水浒胜似史记，人都不肯信，殊不知某却不是乱说。史记是以文运事，<水浒是因文生事。以文运事，是先有事生成如此如此，却要算计出一篇文字来，虽是史公高才，也毕竟是吃苦事；因文生事却不然，只是顺着笔性去，削高补低都由我。 根据这段文字描述，阐释小说的虚构特质中的“因文生事”。 15.教材中关于“本文和读者进行交流活动之基本结构的空白，有这样一段文字描述，请结合自己的阅读体验谈谈你的认识。 伊瑟尔谈道：空白是用来标示“存在于本文自始至终的系统之中的一种空位，读者填补这种空位就可以引起本文模式的相互作用。换句话说，在这里，完成作品的需要被联合本文模式的需要代替了。只有当本文的图式被读者联系起来时，读者才开始构造想象性客体，正是空白使这种联结性运作得以进行。这些空白表明，本文各不相同的部分应当被读者联结起来，尽管二t本文并没有这样说明。空白是本文看不见的结合点，因为它们把本文的图式和本文的视野互相区分开来，同时在读者方面引起观念化的活动。理所当然，当读者把本文图式和本文视野联结起来时，空白就消失，了”。试卷代号：1250 中央广播电视大学2010-2011学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试文论专题试题答案及评分标准 （供参考）一、单选题（每小题2分，共20分） 1A 2B 3C 4A 5D6D 7A 8C 9B10.A二、简答题（每小题12分，共36分） 11.诗歌的形象要具体、生动、不浮泛，仿佛是读者可以触摸得到的，亦即“近而不浮”； （4分）在具体、生动、可感的形象中还要有丰富的蕴藉，所抒发的情感含而不露，只可意会而不可言传，能让读者愈读愈有发现，愈读愈有味道，亦即“远而不尽”。（4分） 结合作品4分。 12.简要说明李渔的戏曲结构的四点具体主张。第一、“立主脑”（3分） 第二、“减头绪”（3分）第三、“脱窠臼”（3分）第四、“密针线”（3分）13.韦勒克、沃伦关于评价文学的具体标准有哪些内容？ 第一包容性或多样性。（4分）第二连惯性。（4分） 第三建立在经验事实上的世界观。（4分）三、论述题（每题22分，共44分） 14.小说是“因文生事”，其所写之“事”全是出于美文的需要而虚构出来的，它可真可假，可以是历史的事实也可以是作家在概括生活材料的基础上发明创造出来的。（6分） 小说的虚构特质可以从“因文生事”中的“文”和“事”两点来谈。先说“事”。小说所写之事属于艺术真实的范畴，它不同于历史真实，艺术真实要求作者根据主题、结构、人物形象等的需要，遵循艺术创作规律，发挥作家的主观能动性去虚构和编织故事情节。这是第一层意思：事为虚构；（8分） 第二层意思，即事为文生。小说的“事”是手段，“文”是目的，作者的虚构之“事”实际上是为审美之“文”服务的。（8分） 15(1)调动和激发读者的想象； (2)空白是潜在于本文中的结构模式； (3)空白在文学交流活动中发挥着自我调节的结构作用； (4)空白是存在于本文和读者之间的相互作用的一种基本成分。（每个要点4分，阐述6分） （简答题与论述逝学生的回答只要能够围绕要点组织答案，且能够言之有理，持之有据即可以给相应分数。）Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis' 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnley's effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day.Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the competition's top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011."I'd give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend," said Williams.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association's 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City's Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday."I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure," he told BBC Sport."For me it's about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was."Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during City's 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee's actions.CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toure's complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA." Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by England's Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos' focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. They've been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.