初中英语知识点总结.docx

初中复习资料【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at ( 感官动词)+do eg:I like watchingmonkeys jump2 （比较级and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界7 along with 同 一道，伴随 eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for 求助 向 要 （直接接想要的东西）11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在 岁时14 at the beginning of 的起初； 的开始15 at the end of + 地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause + 从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么23 be angry with sb 生某人的气24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as 原级 as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从 离开29 be bad for 对什么有害30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于 32 be careful 当心；小心33 be different from 和什么不一样34 be famous for 以 著名35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自37 be full of 装满 的 be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glassis filled with water38 be glad+to+do/ 从句39 be going to + v( 原） 将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于 41 be good for 对什么有好处42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像 eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由 制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由 制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表*的缩写eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that60 be sorry to trouble sb61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心69 be sure to do sth 一定会做某事 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the sa me as 和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早74 be worth doing 值得做什么75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76 because+ 句子 because of + 短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start with =begin with 以什么开始什么78 between and 两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向 借 lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给 什么东西80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站82 by the end of 到 为止83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang85 catch up with sb 赶上某人86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地87 come in 进88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to 随着 跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 do better in 在 方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98 Don't mind +doing / 从句 /名词 不要介意 99 each + 名（单）每一个 eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up +doing101 enjoy +doing 喜欢102 escape from 从 逃跑103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting109 finish 完成+doing （名词）110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了112 from to 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做 eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发 (头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for 为什么而准备118 get sb in to trouble 给某人带来麻烦120 get from 从某处得到某物121 give a talk 做报告122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish钓鱼 go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事125 go out away from 远离 go out of 从 .离开126 go to school 上学（用于专业的） go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时132 have been to ( 地方） 去过某过地方 have gone to （地方） 去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have time +doing138 have (时间) off 放 假 139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事 /正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否 wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if : 如果，假如（全部接一般时态）条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后150 in the north of 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西east东）151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了 3%153 instead of +（名 ） 代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do （对某人来说） 做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对 来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj / 介词短语 让什么保持什么样？167 keep out 不让 进入168 keep sb adj 让 保持 keep healthy 保持健康169 key to + 名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to anser to key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at 取笑 172 learn by oneslfe 自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习174 learn to do sth 学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from : 离某地远178 live in + 大地方 /at + 小地方 居住在某地179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller Imade you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj 使某人 /某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事189 make up be made up of ( 被动语态）由 组成190 make difference to 191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意 做什么192 most + 名 most of + 代193 much too + 形容词194 must be 一定195 need + 名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197 need to do ( 实义动词） need do ( 情态动词）198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no + 名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不 eg: He didn't cry any mor e201 not (形 、副） at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all202 not at all 一点都不203 not either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister,either 我也没有姐姐204 not until 直到 才 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offerwater to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to 在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时 in time 及时211 one day some day someday 一天，有一天212 one of + 可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and overagin215 part-time job 兼职工作fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for 付 钱 pay the bill 开钱 ，付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对 更喜欢 eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意 eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作224 rather than 宁可 也不 eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师225 regard as 把 当作 I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired Youseem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send to 把什么寄到哪里去？239 shock 使 震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物243 some others 一些 另一些 244 start with 从 开始 begin with 从 开始245 stay away from 远离 eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo时，我们要远离动物246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such + 名 这样，这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk go for a walk 散步256 talk to对谁说 talk with 和谁说 talk of 谈到 talk about 谈论关于 257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth262 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人做什么263 tell from 区别264 thank you for +doing265 the same + 名词(doing)+as 266 the same (名) as as (adj adv) as 相同267 the way to do sth the way of doing st 做某方面 的方法the way to + 地方 去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to （地点） 到哪的270 transalte into 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb 和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth 尽某人最大的努力去做某事 eg: I will try my best to learnEnglish well273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了274 try 试衣服have a try 试一下275 turn down 开小 turn up 开大276 turn off 关上 turn on 打开 open 拆开277 upside down 倒着278 visit to 参观某个地方279 wait for sb 等某人【比较since 和 for 】Since 用来说明动作起始时间， for 用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我住在这儿二十多年了。I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。注意：并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。）I have worked here for many years. （现在我仍在这里工作。 ）注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有 for/since 结构的完成时中的误用。1 ）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.2 ）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is stillgetting married now.显 然 ， 第 二 句 不对， 它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.【 since 的四种用法】1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、 1980, last month, half past six ）。例如：I have been here since 1989. 1989 起，我一直在这儿。2） since +一段时间 + ago。例如：I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。3） since +从句。例如：Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。4） It is + 一段时间 + since 从句。例如：It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。【 延续动词与瞬间动词】1） 用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如：He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果）I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。 （表经历）2） 用于 till / until 从句的差异延续动词用于肯定句， 表示 "做 直到 " 瞬间动词用于否定句， 表示 "到 ，才 " 。例如：He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到 10 点才回来。He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到 10 点。典型例题2. -I'm sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be答案 A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。【重点部分提要】一. 词汇 单词1. 介词： in, on, under, behind, near, at, of1). in 表示 "在 中"， "在 内 "。in my bag 在我的书包里in our class 在我们班上2). on 表示 "在 上"。例如： on the wall 在墙上3). under 表示 "在 下"。例如： under the tree 在树下4). behind 表示 "在 后面 "。例如： behind the door 在门后5). near 表示 "在 附近 "。例如 near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近6). at 表示 "在 处"。例如： at school 在学校7). of 表示 " 的 "。例如： a map of China 一张中国地图2. 冠词 a / an / the:冠词一般位于所限定的名词前， 用来署名名词所指的人或事物。 冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a 和 an。a 用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如 a book; an 用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如 an apple.a 或 an 与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。the 既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。3.some 和 any在肯定句中用 some.在疑问句和否定句中用 any记住它们的特殊用法。some 亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如：Would you like to have some apples? 你想吃苹果吗？any 也可用于肯定句中，表示 "任何的 "。例如：Any one of us can do this. 我们当中任何一个都能做这个。4.familyfamily 看作为一个整体时， 意思是 "家庭 "，后面的谓语动词 be 用单数形式 is ；如把 family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词 be 应用 are 。Family 强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。 home 指个人出生、 被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house 指"家 "、"房屋 "，侧重居住的建筑本身。5. little 的用法little 常用来修饰有生命的名词。*但 little 还可表示否定意义，意为 "少的 "，修饰不可数名词。There is little time. 几乎没时间了。三. 语法1. 名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为 " 的 "。一般有以下几种形式：一般情况下在词尾加 's。.如果复数名词以 s 结尾，只加 '。 .Teachers' Day 教师节如果复数名词不以 s 结尾，仍加 'sChildren's Day 儿童节表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和 Lily 的房间.动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加 "'s"，而常常用介词 of 的短语来表示。2. 祈使句祈使句主要用来表示说