2019北师大版高中英语必修三Unit9Wheels-词汇篇2(教师版)精品教育.doc.pdf

第 1 页 Unit 9 Wheels词汇篇 2 _ _ 1、掌握第三单元第三课及第四课的重点单词，短语及句型。 2、灵活运用第三单元第三课及第四课的重点单词，短语及句型。 1. solar adj. 太阳的，太阳能的（无比较级） a solar spot 太阳黑子 solar energy 太阳能 the solar calendar 阳历 solar system 太阳系 the solar year 阳历年 （反） lunar 月球的，月亮的 Solar battery can be used for a long time. 太阳能电池可以用很长时间。 Can you tell me how to use the solar system? 你能告诉我怎样使用太阳能取暖系统吗？ 2. so far “到目前为止” ，多用于现在完成时。 He has written three books so far. 到目前为止，已经写了三本书。 “到此”，表示程度。 I can only help him so far. 我能帮他的仅止于此。 短语拓展： as far as I know/ see 据我所知 /所看 as far as 远至；到 程度 go too far 走极端，太过分，夸张 So far, so good. 到目前为止一切还算顺利。 3. impression n. 印记，压痕；印象，感觉 The thief had left an impression of his foot in the garden. 小偷在花园里留下了脚印。 What I said made practically no impression on him. 我的话对他几乎不起作用。 短语拓展： make an impression on 对留下印象 be under the impression that 以为 ，认为 4. reliable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的 My memory is not very reliable these days. 这些天我的记性不太好。 I'm reliant on him because he is reliable. 我之所以依靠他，是因为他很可靠。 易混辨析： reliable 与 reliant 第 2 页 reliable 意为“可靠的” ，表示被动意义。 reliant 意为“依靠的” ，表示主动意义。 5. all the time 一直，始终 It's a really useful dictionary-I use it all the time. 这真是一本很有用的词典- 我一直在用它。 短语拓展： ahead of time 提前 at the time 在那时，当时 at one time 从前，一度 at a time 依次，逐一，每次 at times 间或，有时 for a time 短时间内，暂时 in time 来得及，及时 from time to time 不时 in no time 立刻，很快 on time 准时 6. average n. 平均数；平均水平v. 平均分配；求出平均数adj. 平均的；一般的；普通的（一 般置于名词前） above (below) the average 在一般水平上（下） ，在平均水准上（下） on an (the) average 平均，一般说来 average out 平均为 an average of 平均有 7. appreciate vt. 感激，感谢 可用 deeply, highly, greatly, much 等副词修饰。 常见搭配： appreciate sth. 感激 appreciate (sb./ one's) doing. 感激（某人）做某事 appreciate it if. （if 作形式宾语）如果，将十分感激 I don't appreciate being treated like a little child by my parents. 我不愿被父母当作小孩子。 I shall appreciate it if you will do me that favor. 如果你能帮我那个忙，我会非常感激的。 vt. 欣赏，重视；理解，意识到 You can't fully appreciate foreign literature in translation. 看翻译作品不能充分地欣赏到外国文学的精 髓。 I appreciate your problem, but I don't think I can help. 我理解你的困难，但我爱莫能助。 词汇链接： appreciative adj. 感激的，赏识的 第 3 页 appreciation n. 欣赏，感激，理解 8. amount n. 数量，数额vi. 合计；相当于 Their travelling expenses amount to seven hundred dollars. 他们的旅费合计700 美元。 Borrowing money and not returning it amounts to stealing. 借钱不还等于偷窃。 短语拓展： amount to doing sth. 接近做某事，等同于做某事 amount to sth. 总计，共计 in amount 总计 易混辨析： number 与 amount number 指“数”，与可数名词连用。 amount 指“量”，与不可数名词连用。 9. get/be stuck in 陷进 中，困在 中 The car was stuck in the mud. 那辆车陷在泥巴里了。 We were stuck in a traffic jam. 我们遇上了交通阻塞。 短语链接： be trapped/caught in 陷入 中，困在 中 短语拓展： stick by 忠于 stick up for 支持，为 辩护 stick out 伸出，突出，坚持到底 stick to 坚持（真理） ，坚持（做某事） 易混辨析： stick to 与 insist on stick to 坚持原则、诺言、决定、计划、意见等。它的后面只跟名词，通常不跟动词-ing 形式。 We must stick to our task till it is finished. 我们必须继续工作，直至完成为止。 insist on 坚持意见、主张，后面可以接动名词。 I insist on taking/ insist that you take immediate action to put this right. 我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把事 情处理好。 10. figure n. 人物；数字；外形；身材；图表v. 计算；计划，打算 The figure increases to 72% during summer vacation. 在暑假期间，这个数字上升到了72%。 They figure on your coming early to help them. 他们指望你们早点来帮助他们。 同义词： shape 外形，身材； outline 外形； diagram 插图，图表 短语拓展： a good figure 身材好 figure on 估计到，指望 figure out 算出，估计，推测 figure up 计算，结账 第 4 页 a key figure 关键人物 keep one's figure 保持体形 11.go up 上升，增长（=rise, increase）启幕，开演 Prices have gone up again. 物价又上涨了。 The whole house went up in flames. 整栋房子烧起来了。 What time does the curtain go up? 什么时候开演呢？ 近义词： rise, increase；反义词： reduce, go down 特别警示： go up, go down, rise 为不及物动词（短语） ，都不能用于被动语态。 12. accident n. 事故；意外的事 Carelessness often causes accidents. 粗心常常导致事故。 短语拓展： by accident = by chance 偶然地 by no accident 并非偶然地；蓄意地 without accident 安全地，无恙地 易混辨析： accident, incident 与 event accident 指事故， 意外事件； incident 指小事件， 也指可能引起战争等的政治事件；event 指重大事件， 体育赛事。 13. relate vi. 有关，涉及；与相关； vt. 叙述，讲述 That fellow notices nothing but what relates to himself. 除了同他自己有关的事情外，那个家伙什么都不 在意。 短语拓展： relating to 关于 ，和 有关的 relate to 与有关 be related to 与有亲属关系，与相关 be connected with 和有关系 have sth. to do with sth. 和有关系 易混辨析： be relative to 与 be related to be relative to 指“有关的，相对的” ，广义的。 Supply is relative to demand. 供应和需求是相对的。 be related to 指“与 有亲属关系”，狭义的。 He's related to the Prime Minister. 他和首相是亲戚。 14. admit vt. 承认，供认；准许加入 He admitted that mistakes had been made. 他承认自己犯了错误。 短语拓展： admit of 容许 admit to 承认，供认 第 5 页 admit doing sth. 承认做过某事 admit.into/in 允许进入，让进来 用法： admit 后接从句。 I admit that it was difficult. 我承认事情棘手。 admit 后接名词、代词、动名词或to doing。 He admitted (to) stealing. 他对盗窃行为供认不讳。 admit 后跟符合结构时，常用to be 结构作宾补。 You must admit the task to be difficult. 你必须承认这项任务是艰巨的。 15. addicted adj. 有瘾的，上瘾的 常构成 be/ become addicted to 短语， to 为介词。 Some people have become addicted to gambling. 有些人赌博成瘾。 Her son is addicted to computer games. 她儿子对电脑游戏入了迷。 16. give up 放弃，不再做某事 Once you have set a great goal for the future, you shouldn't give it up on the half way. 一旦设定了未来的 伟大目标，你就不应该半途而废。 短语拓展： give away 分发；泄漏，暴漏 give back 还给 give in 让步，妥协，投降 give in to 屈从，迁就，向让步，投降 give off 散发 give one's life to 把一生献给 give one's regards to 向 问好 give out 分发；被用完，耗尽 give over to 移交给 ，交出 17. on average 一般来说，通常 On average, men smoke more cigarettes than women. 一般来说，男子比女子吸烟多。 Japanese people on average live much longer than Europeans. 日本人的平均寿命要比欧洲人长得多。 短语拓展： above/ below average 高于 /低于平均水平 18. occupy v. 占领，占用；使忙于，使从事 Is anyone occupying this seat? 有人占了这个座位吗？ The lessons occupy the whole morning. 功课占用了整个上午。 He occupied himself in collecting stamps. 他忙于收集邮票。 Helen was fully occupied with business matters, so we didn't want to bother her. 海伦全身心地忙于工作， 第 6 页 所以我们不想打扰她。 词汇链接： occupation n. 工作，职业；占领，侵占 短语拓展： occupy sb. = keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌 be occupied in doing sth./ with sth. 忙于做某事 occupy oneself in/ with 忙于（做某事） 19. regular adj. 有规律的，规则的；定期的；平常的，普通的 His way of life is quite regular. 他的生活方式很有规律。 Our regular sleeping-place is in a bedroom. 我们通常的就寝处是卧室。 词汇链接： regulate vt. 调整，调节 regulation n. 调节，管理，控制 regularly adv. 经常地，正常地 常见搭配： regular customers 常客 regular programs 固定节目 21. attractive adj. 吸引的，有吸引力的，引起注意的 Women who are over 30 can be quite attractive. 30 多岁的女人也可以很有魅力。 词汇拓展： attract vt. 吸引 attraction n. 吸引，具有吸引力的事物（或人） attractively adv. 诱人地 attractiveness n. 吸引力 易混词： attributive adj. 限定的，起定语作用的；effective adj. 有效的，生效的；affective adj. 感情 方面的，表达感情的 21. somehow adv. 以某种方式；不知怎么地 We must stop him from seeing her somehow. 不管怎么着，我们必须阻止他见到她。 Somehow, I don't feel I can trust him. 不知什么缘故，我觉得我不能信任他。 词汇拓展： anyhow = anyway (adv.) 无论如何，不管怎样；不论用何种方式 22. suit vt. 适合 Do you think this style suits me? 你觉得这种款式适合我吗？ A good teacher should suit his lessons to the age of his pupils. 一位优秀的老师应使他的课适合学生的 年龄。 易混辨析： fit, suit 与 match 第 7 页 fit 常表示大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合”。 Does the key fit the lock? 这把钥匙能开这把锁吗？ suit 常表示颜色，衣着，发型，时间，气候，条件，地位等适合某人，作及物动词。 Long hair suits her. 她适合留长发。 match 常表示物与物在色调、形状、性质、设计等方面搭配协调，很吻合，可作及物或不及物动 词。 The color of the curtains matches the wall paper. 窗帘的颜色和壁纸很相配。 23. damage n. U 损失，破坏；C (pl.) 损失赔偿金；v. 损害，毁坏 常见搭配： do/ cause damage to 对造成破坏 易混辨析： damage, destroy 与 ruin damage指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，也指可以修复的破坏。 The heavy rain damaged many houses. 大雨毁坏了许多房屋。 destroy 指彻底毁坏，以致不能或很难修复。 That town was destroyed in a big fire. 那个城镇在一场大火中被毁了。 ruin 指以自然或人为力量破坏，使无法恢复原状。 Much of the coastline has been ruined by tourism. 旅游业使这条海岸线大部分遭到破坏。 24. nowhere adv. 无处，任何地方都不 He went nowhere last Saturday. 上个星期天他什么地方都没去。 We could find nowhere to park the car. 我们找不到地方停车。 Such methods will get you nowhere. 这些方法将不会产生结果。 拓展： nowhere 置于句首时句子应使用部分倒装。 Nowhere else have I seen a better performance. 我在其他任何地方都没看过更好的表演。 不仅 nowhere 放在句首时句子应使用倒装结构，在 never, hardly, not only, nor, little, seldom, not until, hardly.when, no sooner.than, by no means 等否定或半否定意义的副词或词组开头的句子中，主谓也 要倒装。 25. frequent adj. 时常发生的，频繁的 a frequent visitor 常客 Rains are frequent here in spring. 这儿春季常下雨。 词汇链接： frequently adv. 时常地，频繁地 frequency n. 频率，频繁 infrequent adj. 不频繁的 26. fare n. （车、船、飞机等的）票价，费用；vi. 进展 All fares please. 请买票。 第 8 页 How are you faring with your project? 你的计划进展如何？ 常见搭配： bus/ taxi fares 公共汽车 /出租车费 a single/ return fare 单程 /往返票价 易混辨析： fare, fee, charge 与 tip fare 指付交通工具的费用，如车费、船费、机票费等。 fee 指酬金，手续费，学费等。 charge 指付给服务或货物所需费用，如诊断费，运费，手续费等。 tip 指小费。 27. environment n. 环境，周围状况 We should take care of the environment, so that we have something to leave for our children. 我们应该保 护好环境，以便将来能给我们的孩子们留下一些东西。 易混辨析： environment, circumstances 与 surroundings environment 表示环绕着某一特定的人或物并对其产生某种影响的“环境”。 circumstances（一般用复数）指某事或动作发生时的“情况”，常与 under 或 in 连用，表示“在 情况下”。 surroundings（一定用复数）指“周围事物，环境”。 28. afford vt. 买得起（某物） ；抽得出（时间） I like the car very much but I can't afford it. 我很喜欢这辆车但我买不起。 I'd like to go on holiday but I can't afford the time. 我很想去度假，可是抽不出时间来。 担负得起 We simply can't afford to offend such an important customers. 得罪这样一位重要客户，我们可担当不 起。 给予，提供 Television affords pleasure to many people. 电视给很多人带来乐趣。 拓展： afford 常用在 can, can't, be able to 后： can't afford to do sth. 负担不起 29. mass n. （聚成一体的）团，块，堆 The ship cut its way slowly trough masses of ice. 船破开冰块缓缓前进。 There are masses of people here. 这儿有许多人。 There was a mass of children in the yard. 院子里有很多孩子。 用复数表示“群众” The masses are the true makers of history. 群众是历史真正的缔造者。 常见搭配： 第 9 页 a. a mass of (masses of) 众多，大量 b. in the mass 总体上 c. mass communication 大众传媒 d. mass meeting 群众大会 e. mass medium 大众传播工具 词汇链接： a. massive adj. 大量的，大规模的 b. mass-produce vt. 成批制造 c. mass-production n. 成批制造 30. base.on.把建立在 的基础上 The book is based on a true story. 这本书以一个真实的故事为原型。 You should base your opinion on the facts. 你应当把你的观点建立在事实的基础上。 I base my hope on the good news we had yesterday. 我把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。 提示：建立在事实基础上的观点 (误) an opinion basing on the facts (正) an opinion based on the facts 例 1. Using energy is to develop the power of the sun's light and heat. A. sun B. wind C. solar D. water 解析： 句意： 太阳能的使用是利用太阳的光和热开发能源。solar energy 太阳能， 符合句意。 wind 风； sun 太阳； water 水。 答案： C。 例 2. Progress so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be 解析：句意：到目前为止，事情进展得很顺利，我们确信工作会按时完成。so far 表示“迄今为止， 到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用。 答案： C。 例 3. My first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A. expression B. attention C. satisfaction 第 10 页 D. impression 解析：句意： 我对他的第一印象是他是个善良的而又富有思想的年轻人。impression 印象， 符合句意。 expression 表达，表示，表情；attention 注意； satisfaction 满意。 答案： D。 例 4. -John is very . - If he promises to do something he'll do it. A. reliable B. confident C. independent D. flexible 解析：句意： -约翰非常值得信赖。-如果他许诺做某事他就一定会做。reliable 可信赖的，符合句 意。 confident 自信的； independent 独立的； flexible 灵活的。 答案： A。 例 5. I agreed but later I changed my mind. A. in time B. at the time C. in no time D. from time to time 解析：句意：我那时同意了，不过我后来改变了主意。at the time 那时，符合句意。in time 及时； in no time 立刻，马上；from time to time 不时，偶尔。 答案： B。 例 6.（2019 陕西高考） I'd appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. A. it B. you C. one D. this 解析：句意：如果你能提前让我知道你是否会来，我将很感激。I would appreciate it if. “如果 我将不胜感激”是appreciate的固定句式。 答案： A。 例 7.（2019 福建高考）the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. A. While B. Unless C. Since D. Until 第 11 页 解析：句意：尽管学生们来自不同的国家，他们在夏令营相处得非常好。根据句意可知，前后句为 转折关系，所一应用“while 尽管”来引导状语从句，故选A 。 答案： A。 例 8. （2019 重庆高考） Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century his musical gift was fully recognized. A. while B. though C. that D. after 解析：句意：巴赫于1750 年去世，但是直到19 世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全承认。本题考查强 调句型。 it is/ was.that.是强调句型，本题被强调部分是时间状语not until the early 19th century 。 答案： C。 基础演练 一. 根据提示在空白处填写单词。 1. We are looking for someone who is r and hard-working. 2. That's just because you can't a music. 3. Cyclists who gave signals before turning or stopping help prevent a . 4. What i me most was the scenery of Changbai Mountain. 5. The company is starting a new advertising campaign to a new customers to its stores. 二. 单项选择。 1. There was nothing special about the film-it was only . A. average B. available C. normal D. strange 2. -How far apart do they live? - I know, they live in the same neighborhood. A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as 3. While shopping, I meet my friend but we don't talk much. A. from time to time B. sooner or later C. more or less D. by and by 4. It's very kind of you to offer to help me. I shall always you. A. appreciate B. thankful to C. thanks to D. be grateful to 5. The manager thought he was a person and told him all about the mew plan. A. confident B. famous C. reliable D. dependent 6. They not only make it difficult to sleep at night, but they are damage to our houses and shops of historical interest. A. doing B. raising C. putting D. producing 7. by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted 第 12 页 8. He occupied himself solving the problem. A. in B. to C. of D. for 9. It is difficult to cause and effect in this case. A. unite B. think C. relate D. describe 10. With the prices of everyday goods , he can hardly support his family now. A. going up B. go up C. raise D. raising Keys： 一. 1. reliable; 2. appreciate; 3. accidents; 4. impressed; 5. attract 二. 1-10 ABADC ABACA 巩固提高 一. 完成句子。 1. is what everybody must learn by heart. (environment) 保护环境是每个人必须牢记的事。 2. With nobody supporting her, the girl (give). 由于没有人支持她，这个女孩不得不辍学。 3. As the price of meat , more and more farmers would like to feed pigs. (go up) 由于猪肉的价格不断上涨，越来越多的农民愿意养猪。 4. Before the witness and evidence, the thief had no choice but . (admit) 在人证和物证面前，这个小偷别无选择只有承认偷了我的电脑。 5. In our city, . (average) 在我们城市，平均一周就有一起交通事故发生。 6. In the near future, . (use) 在不久的将来，太阳能将在人们的日常生活中得到充分的利用。 7. Uncle Wang is that all the people turn to him for help when they have difficulties. (reliable) 王叔叔是一个如此可信赖的人，以致所有的人有困难时都请他帮忙。 8. usually succeed in their careers. (appreciate) 欣赏别人长处的人，通常获得成功的职业生涯。 9.（2019 福建高考改编）-I wonder how Mary after all these years. -By working out every day. -我好奇玛丽这些年是怎么保持身材的。 -每天锻炼。 二. 单项选择。 1. Please pass me those books, three _. A. at the time B. in time C. in no time D. at a time 2. The argument is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their 第 13 页 intellectual ( 智力的 ) growth by learning situations that are designed for the _ children. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average 3. Eggs, although nourishing, have _ of fat content. A. large number B. a large number C. a high amount D. the high amount 4. They can also make people feel _ and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused 5. Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to 6. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to _ its reality. A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off 7. -Do you think that housing p