名词性从句考点复习整理课件.ppt

名词性从句,一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补） 1. Mouse loves rice. 2. God is a girl. 3. I am Miss Chen, the head teacher of Class 1.,主语,谓语,同位语,宾语,表语,主语,主语,表语,系动词,系动词,4(1) His job is important. (2) What he does is important. 5(1) This is his job. (2) This is what he does every day.,表语,主语,系动词,主语从句,系动词,表语,主语,系动词,表语,主语,表语从句,系动词,6(1) I dont like his job. (2) I dont like what he does every day. 7(1) I dont know the man, Mr. White. (2) I dont know the fact that he is a teacher.,主语,谓语,宾语,主语,谓语,宾语从句,同位语,主语,谓语,宾语,同位语从句,主语,谓语,宾语,二、名词从句(Noun Clauses) 在句子中起_作用的句子， 相当于_ 在复合句中能担任_、_、_、 _等 根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为 _(Subject Clause)、 _(Predicative Clause)、 _(Object Clause) _(Appositive Clause),名词,名词/名词词组,主语,表语,宾语,同位语,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,三、名词性从句考点：,. 语序问题,4. 连接词,that, whether,if what, which, who, whom,whose, when,where,why,how whatever, whichever ,whoever, whomever, whosever,6. it 作形式主语,形式宾语的用法,. 时态问题,7. 同位语从句与定语从句区别,5. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气,. 主谓一致问题,合成一个句子： 1) He would be back in an hour. He said He said (that) he would be back in an hour. 2) Do they speak English? We want to know We want to know if/whether they can speak English. 3) What is her name? He asks me He asks me what her name is.,考点1. 语序: 连接词陈述句,注意：在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词之后, 宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上，称为否定转移。 I dont think he will see you. We dont expect he is coming. I dont believe he will go.,考点1. 语序: 连接词陈述句,No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what will man look like B. what man will look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like,考点1. 语序: 连接词陈述句,1) When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to know We wanted to know when Professor Li would give us a talk. 2) Jim is a good student. The teacher said The teacher said (that) Jim was a good student. 3) Has Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked He asked if/whether Mr. Green had been in Beijing for five years.,考点2 时态问题,1. 如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时, 过去进行时), 那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态。,考点2 时态问题,2.主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时,Our physics teacher once told us that light _ (travel) faster than sound.,travels,3.主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据从句谓语动词发生的时间选用各种时态,Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.,went,has been,考点3 主谓一致问题,1) 何时开会还没有决定。,When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,2) 他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_形式。,单数,复数,has,When they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided yet .,3) 何时何地开会还没有决定。,When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,has,单数,have,1. 引导词that（当名词性从句中不缺任何成分时用that),that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略,that不可省略的情况：1. 主语从句2. 表语从句3. 同位语从句4. 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句5. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,that/ 省略,1)I dont think _ she is coming.2)It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3)The reason is _ he is careless .4)The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5)I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6)He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.,(that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,2. 其它连接代词和副词的选用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,1) 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.2) 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.3) 我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.4) 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,1) I think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2) His mother is satisfied with what he has done. 3) That he was able to come made us happy. 4) This is what makes us interested. 5) The reason was that Tom had never seen the million-pound note before.,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,3. that 和what 的选用 that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。,缺,不缺,东西/事情 /样子/话语,无意义,否,单个宾语从句中可省,填that 还是 what？,1) _ he wants is a book. 2) _ he wants to go there is obvious.3) The result is _ we won the game.4) This is _ we want to know.5) Is _ he told us true?6) We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7) I have no doubt _ he will come.8) I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,1) 在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时, whether和if 都能引导主语从句, 否则, 也只能用whether。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,4. if 和whether 的选用,2) 在表语从句和同位语从句中。如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,4. if 和whether 的选用,3) 在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us. 4) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如： He doesnt know whether to stay or not. 5) 后面紧接or not 时。如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready.,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,4. if 和whether 的选用,4. if 和whether 的选用,不能使用if 的情况：1）主语从句 2）表语从句3）同位语从句4）介词后的宾语从句5）whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do 6）whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,if / whether 1) I asked her _ she had a bike.2) _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3) Were worried about _ he is safe.4) I dont know _ he is well or not.5) I dont know _ or not he is well.6) The question is _ he should do it.7) The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8) I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用,基本句型： It is +形容词、名词、过去分词+ that . + (should) do 形容词: important ,necessary, natural, strange 名词: a pity, a shame, no wonder 过去分词: suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted ,1. It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to take C. must take D. take 2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told,考点5 虚拟语气 a)主语从句中的虚拟语气,We suggested that the meeting _ A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off,表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, order, command后的从句谓语动词用_,注意: suggest 当表示“暗示、表明”讲时，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句不用虚拟语气,(should) + do/be done,The smile on his face suggested that he _ (was/be/is)satisfied with our work.,was,考点5 虚拟语气 b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气,a. IwishI_(know)theanswer now.,b. Iwishhe _(pass)theexam yesterday.,c. IwishI_ (fly)tothemooninafewyears.,1. 对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时,2. 对过去虚拟时，用had过去分词,3. 对将来虚拟时，用would(might等)动词原形,knew,hadpassed,wouldfly,考点5 虚拟语气 b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气,在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即_,His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try 2. The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop,考点5 虚拟语气 c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气,(should) + do/be done,1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. It is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for their future. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,It,that,whether,找出下列句子中的错误,当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可作形式宾语。,后置,考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语,用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that是常识 (2) It is形容词从句 (多用 should) It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是,考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语,(3) It is 不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎 (4) It is 过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说,考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语,1）It is certain that he will come. 2）It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. 3）It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.,考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语,在宾语从句中, 如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，为了保持句子平衡, 用it作形式宾语, 将从句放于句尾, 常用于此句型的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think. 1）I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 2）Ithinkitapitytowastethefood.,考点6 it作形式主语和形式宾语,考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等抽象名词 3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。,1) I have no idea _ he comes from.2) He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3) He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4) I have no doubt _ he will win.5) I have some doubt _ he will win.,that/ whether / where/ how,where,how,that,that,whether,考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,4. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别,考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词; 定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。,We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. Those who want to go please sign their names here.,1) The news that he told us made us happy. 2) The news that we won the game made us happy. 3) We will consider the suggestion that we should build a new library. 4) We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting.,同位语从句or定语从句?,定语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,5) The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year. 6) The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him. 7) She expressed the hope that they would come to visit Shanghai again. 8) The hope (that) she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again.,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,同位语从句or定语从句?,请看这两句有什么不同？ The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. The news that he told me yesterday is true.,考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,作成分,可省（宾语时）,不做成分,不可省,4. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别,The news that they won the match is true. (news和从句没有逻辑关系) The order when we should go back hasnt reached us. (order和从句没有逻辑关系) The news that you told us yesterday is true. (news是told的逻辑宾语) The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. (day是founded 的逻辑状语),考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别,同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系； 定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。,4. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别,疑问词 + ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。 Whatever/No matter what he says,I will never believe him. I believe whatever he says. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_he or she wants. A however B whatever C whichever D whenever whoever = anyone who whomever = anyone whom whoseever =anyone whose whatever = anything that,who 与 whoever 的区别 who 是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，whoever 相当于 anyone who “无论谁” Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. Can you tell me who that gentleman is ?,