军备竞赛2.ppt

,arms race,Definition Stages US.-soviet arms race,arms race,The term arms race, in its original usage, describes a competition between two or more parties for the best armed forces. Each party competes to produce larger numbers of weapons, greater armies, or superior military technology in a technological escalation.,arms race,Nowadays the term is commonly used to describe any competition where there is no absolute goal, only the relative goal of staying ahead of the other competitors,Stages,the conventional arms race Nuclear arms race Space Race,US.-soviet arms race,A nuclear arms race developed during the Cold War, a period of high tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States of America. On both sides, perceived advantages of the adversary (such as the missile gap) led to large spending on armaments and the stockpiling of vast nuclear arsenals. Proxy wars were fought all over the world (e.g. in the Middle East, Korea, Vietnam) in which the superpowers conventional weapons were pitted against each other. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, tensions decreased and the nuclear arsenal of both countries were reduced.,U.S. and USSR/Russia nuclear stockpiles,US.-soviet arms race,The Space Race was a mid-to-late twentieth century competition between the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US) for supremacy in outer space exploration. Between 1957 and 1975, Cold War rivalry between the two nations focused on attaining firsts in space exploration, which were seen as necessary for national security and symbolic of technological and ideological superiority.,US.-soviet arms race,The Space Race involved pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, sub-orbital and orbital human spaceflight around the Earth, and piloted voyages to the Moon. It effectively began with the Soviet launch of the Sputnik 1 artificial satellite on 4 October 1957, and concluded with the co-operative Apollo-Soyuz Test Project human spaceflight mission in July 1975. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project came to symbolize dtente, a partial easing of strained relations between the USSR and the US. The Space Race had its origins in the missile-based arms race that occurred just after the end of the World War II, when both the Soviet Union and the United States captured advanced German rocket technology and personnel.,A chart of the space race as driven by the nuclear Threat, graphing how the U.S. Started behind, but eventually Caught up and surpassed the Soviet Union.,The result of US.-soviet arms race,During the cold war， with the arms race of the us.-soviet, both of the two superpowers have too many bombs, In order to drag down the Soviet unions economy, the United States put forward the Star Wars plan. This plan was too futuristic, costly, and its very difficult to put it into practice under that time for its high technical requirements, but it forces the Soviet union to invest heavily on outer space development, and eventually economically drags down the Soviet union and causes the unions disintegration.,The result of US.-soviet arms race,As the main rival in cold war is no longer exist, and the technical difficulties of the Star Wars plan is far too big, the United States began to shrink military spending, and rapidly, the project was over.,