初中被动语态.ppt;.ppt

.,the Passive Voice,（被动语态）,文综之家 ,被打的豆豆,被动语态,遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。 你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。,Doudou is always beaten by someone.,昨天晚上 ，夜黑风高，它又被打了。,Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.,明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。 Tomorrow,Doudou will be beaten several times .,可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。,Poor Doudou has been beaten for many years.,我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打 。 Our dear doudou is being beaten now .,随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。 Poor Doudou may be beaten anytime .,1.We planted the tree. 2.The tree was planted by us. 在英语中，动词有两种语态: _语态和_语态 (一)、定义： 1. 主动语态:主语是动作的_。 主语和谓语之间是_关系。 2. 被动语态表示主语是动作的_。 主语和谓语之间是_关系。,主动,被动,执行者,承受者,主动,被动,be + _,(二)被动语态的结构:,过去分词,be 有_、_和_的的变化,数,人称,时态,They cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天他们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被他们打扫了。,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)_,watch watched,2)_,practice practiced,3)_,study studied,4)_,stop stopped,动词过去分词的变化:,直,去,双,改,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are was were,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,动词过去分词的变化:,be + 过去分词,有各种_的变化,时态,Our classroom _(clean) every day.,_ + 过去分词,被动语态有各种时态的变化,1、一般现在时的被动语态的构成：,is/am/are,is cleaned,1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken,一般现在时的被动语态： am/is/are + 过去分词,Our classroom _(clean) yesterday.,_+ 过去分词,2 、一般过去时的被动语态的构成：,was/were,was cleaned,2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for,一般过去时的被动语态： was/were + 过去分词,3、一般将来时的被动语态的构成：,_+_+ 过去分词 _+_过去分词, A new school _(build) next year. A new school _(build) next year.,will,be,is/am/are going,be,will be built,is going to be built,3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up,一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + 过去分词 be going to + be + 过去分词,4、含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：,_+_过去分词,That old woman _(send) to hospital at once.,情态动词,be +,must be sent,4. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water,含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + 过去分词,各种时态的被动语态： 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 含情态动词：,_ +过去分词,_+过去分词,_+_+ 过去分词, _+过去分词 _+过去分词,is/am/are,was/were,is/am/are going to be,will be,情态动词,be,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are,was/were,shall/will/be going to be,情态动词,_+done,_+done,_+done,be,_+_+done,by,We like him,He,is liked,主格,把主动语态的_变为被动语态的 _。(如果是宾格要变成 _ 。),us.,把主动语态的谓语动词变为 _+_形式,并根据主语判 断be的单复数和时态.,动词的过去分词,be,把主动语态的主语改成by短语 by短语可以省略。 by+名词或代词的_格形式。,宾,主语,宾语,(三)主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.找主语,2.改谓语,3.改by短语,by many students.,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,练习一：把下列主动语态变被动语态,我吃苹果。 苹果被我吃了。,I _ apples.,Apples _ by me.,练习二：,eat,are eaten,他杀鸡。 He _chicken. 鸡被他杀了。 Chicken by him .,is killed,kills,怪兽抓了公主。 Beast the princess. 公主被怪兽抓走了。 The princess by beast.,catches,is caught,人们读名著。 People great books. 名著被人们读。 Great books by people.,read,are read,他们种花。 They flowers. 花被他们种。,Flowers by them.,are planted,plant,他打篮球。 He basketball. 篮球被他打。,Basketball by him.,is played,plays,He the motorbike to his factory every day.,The motorbike to his factory every day.,他每天骑摩托车去他的工厂。,摩托车每天被骑去他的工厂。,is ridden,rides,We the snowman Mr. Strong.,The snowman Mr. Strong.,我们称这个雪人强壮先生。,这个雪人被称为强壮先生。,is called,call,He some fruits yesterday.,Some fruits yesterday.,昨天他买了一些水果。,昨天一些水果被买。,were bought,bought,They an evening party tomorrow.,An evening partytomorrow.,明天他们准备举行一次晚会。,一次晚会准备在明天被举行。,is going to be had,are going to have,She her homework in half an hour.,Her homeworkin half an hour.,半小时之后，她会完成作业。,她的作业将在半小时之后被做完。,will be finished,will finish,He the basket easily.,The basket easily by him.,他可以很容易地拿起篮子。,这个篮子可以很容易地被拿起。,may be,may carry,carried,They some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs by them.,他们会唱一些优美的歌曲。,一些优美的歌曲能被他们唱。,can sing,can be sung,A recorder is used in our English class every day.,a recorder,inour English class,use,is used,use for,A camera is used for taking photos.,a camera,take photos,is used for,play,football,Football is played all over the world.,is played,all over the world,rob,A bank was robbed yesterday.,a bank,yesterday,was robbed,send up,last year,A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.,a man-made satellite,was sent up,must plant,on the ground,The tree must be planted on the ground.,the tree,must be planted,cover with,in a few years time,The ground will be covered with trees in a few years time.,the ground,will be covered with,send to,the hospital,They will be sent to the hospital right now.,they,will be sent to,right now,a talk,A talk will be given soon.,give,soon,will be given,eat up,the food,The food has been eaten up already.,already,has been eaten up,1.He gave me a book. _ _ _ _.(以I做主语） _ _ _ _ _ . （以物book作主语） 2.He teaches us English. _ _ _ _ . （以人当主语） _ _ _ _ _ . （以物作主语）,I,to,was given,A book,by him,a book,was given,me,by him,English,are taught,We,by him,English,is taught,to,by him,us,4、带双宾语的句子的被动语态,3.He made me a card. _ _ _ _.(以I做主语） _ _ _ _ _ . （以物card作主语） 4.His father bought him a bike. _ _ _ _ . （以人当主语） _ _ _ _ _ . （以物作主语）,I,for,was made,A card,by him,a card,was made,me,by him,a bike,was bought,He,by his father,A bike,was bought,for,by his father,him,4、带双宾语的句子的被动语态 常见的后接双宾语的动词有: to: give.to, teach.to; 改为:_,_ for: make.for, buy.for 改为:_,_ 带双宾语的句子变被动语态有两种变法： 用“人”当主语时,_照抄下来。 用“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语(人)前必须加_或_. 加_或_由前面的动词决定。,直接宾语,to,for,to,for,be given to,be taught to,be made for,be bought for,1.I hear him play the guitar . _ _ _ _.,He,play the guitar,to,is heard,were heard,sing,in the classroom,to,2.We heard them sing in the classroom.,They, _ _ _ _ _ .,5、含宾语补足语的被动语态,3.I saw him play basketball last Sunday. _ _ _ _ _. 4.I saw him go into the office building. _ _ _ _.,He,play basketball,to,is seen,last Sunday,go into the office building,was seen,He,to,5.The boss made him work all day. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 6.His mother made him finish his homework _ _ _ _ _ _ .,by,was made,He,the boss,work,all day,to,by,was made,He,finish his homework,his mother,to,7.The little boy _ by the big sound this morning. A was made to cry B was made cry C made to cry D made cry,5、含宾语补足语的被动语态 在一感_ 二听_ 、 _ 三让_、 _、 _ 四看_ 、_、 _、_ 这十大动词后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但改成被动语态时，必需带to,以便隔开两个动词。,feel,listen to,hear,let,make,have,see,watch,notice,look,1.We planted the tree. 2.The tree was planted by us. 英语动词有两种语态: _语态和_语态 (一)、定义： 1. 主动语态:主语是动作的_。 主语和谓语之间是_关系。 2. 被动语态表示主语是动作的_。 主语和谓语之间是_关系。,主动,被动,执行者,承受者,主动,被动,抄笔记,be + _,(二)被动语态的结构:,过去分词,be 有_、_和_的的变化,数,人称,时态,by,We like him,He,is liked,主格,把主动语态的_变为被动语态的 _。(如果是宾格要变成 _ 。),us.,把主动语态的谓语动词变为 _+_形式,并根据主语判 断be的单复数和时态.,动词的过去分词,be,把主动语态的主语改成by短语 by短语可以省略。 by+名词或代词的_格形式。,宾,主语,宾语,(三)主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.找主语,2.改谓语,3.改by短语,4、带双宾语的句子的被动语态 常见的后接双宾语的动词有: to: give.to, teach.to; 改为:_,_ for: make.for, buy.for 改为:_,_ 带双宾语的句子变被动语态有两种变法： 用“人”当主语时,_照抄下来。 用“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语(人)前必须加_或_. 加_或_由前面的动词决定。,直接宾语,to,for,to,for,be given to,be taught to,be made for,be bought for,1.He gave me a book. _ _ _ _.(以I做主语） _ _ _ _ _ . （以物book作主语）,I,to,was given,A book,by him,a book,was given,me,by Tom,2.His father bought him a bike. _ _ _ _ . （以人当主语） _ _ _ _ _ . （以物作主语）,a bike,was bought,He,by his father,A bike,was bought,for,by his father,him,5、含宾语补足语的被动语态 在一感_ 二听_ 、 _ 三让_、 _、 _ 四看_ 、_、 _、_ 这十大动词后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但改成被动语态时，必需带to。,feel,listen to,hear,let,make,have,see,watch,notice,look,1.I hear him play the guitar . _ _ _ _.,He,play the guitar,to,is heard,2.I saw him play basketball last Sunday. _ _ _ _ _.,He,play basketball,to,is seen,last Sunday,3.The boss made him work all day. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .,by,was made,He,the boss,work,all day,to,6、含有短语的主动语态改为被动语态时 后面的介词不能丢。 They take good care of my child. _ _. I turned off the radio. _ _ _.,My child,The radio,was turned off,(by me),is taken good care of,含有动词短语的被动语态，介词不能丟： take care of _ cut down _ laugh at _ look after_,be cut down,be laughed at,be looked after,be taken good care of,下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加by： be covered with _ be interested in _ be surprised at _ be made of （from）_,用覆盖着,对感兴趣,对感到惊奇,用制造的,1 .We speak English.,主语,谓语,宾语,English,主语,谓语,宾语,_语态,被动,is spoken,by,us.,主动,_语态,练习一：,2、 She likes English . 3、 They used computers in class. 4、 I must help him at that time .,English,is liked,by her .,Computers,were used,by them in class.,He,must be helped,by me at that time,5. Wu Yifan sings this song .,This song,Wu Yifan,is sung,by,Wu Yifan,by the teacher.,1.The teacher often asks him questions.,He,is asked,questions,一般现在时的被动语态,练习二：各种时态的的被动语态,1. They bought ten computers last term,by them last term.,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,一般过去时的被动语态,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时的被动语态,1.Amy can take good care of Gina ,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,含情态动词的被动语态,练习三:各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 1)Ihavealotofhomeworktobedonetonight 2)Isyourteacherlistened carefullyinclass？ 3)LeiFengsname remembered byallChinesepeople 4)Themusicissoundedbeautiful. 5)BywhowasthisneweducationalCD- ROMdesigned?,do,to,is,sounds,whom,练习四:用所给动词的适当形式填空,1.Trees _ (water) every day. 2.Maths _ (teach) in our school. 3.His bike _ (buy) two years ago.,are watered,is taught,was bought,4.The work _ (finish) next week. 5.They _ (tell) to come on time last night. 6.The trees_(plant) yesterday .,will be finished/ is going to be finished,were told,were planted,7.All the windows _ (close) by me already. 8.The station _(build)now. 9.Our homework must_ (finish )on time.,have been closed,is being built,be finished,Answer right or wrong,练习五： 1.必须照看好孩子们。 The children must be taken good care .( ) The children must be taken good care of .( ) 2.这本书是鲁迅写的。 This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( ) This book was written by Lu Xun.( ) 3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。 That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( ) That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( ),4.这辆自行车能修吗？ Can this bike mended?( ) Can this bike be mended?( ) 5.街道已由他们清理了。 The street has been cleaned by they.( ) The street has been cleaned by them.( ),