现在分词的一般式与完成式.ppt

现在分词的一般式和完成式做状语,现在分词作状语（adverbial),现在分词（the present participle）是由“动词原形+-ing”构成。 现在分词和现在分词短语可以在句子中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随状况。 基本句型： 现在分词（分词短语），主语谓语其他句子成份。,现在分词的时态和语态,现在分词的一般式(doing)表示：其动作正在进行或是与谓语动词的动作同时发生； eg: Working in the countryside, we learned a lot of from the peasants. （表时间） 现在分词的完成式(having done)表示：其动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。 eg: Having worked all day, I went to bed early.（表原因）,eg1: Turning to the left, you will see the Dagang Hotel.（表条件） eg2: He sat in the empty house, feeling very lonely.（表伴随） eg3: Having finished his homework, he stop to have a rest.（表原因） eg4: The child fell off the tree, hitting his head against the ground.（表结果）,实例解说（examples),1. Comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. （时间状语） when we compare different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. （时间状语从句）,现在分词（或短语）与状语从句间的转换,2. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes, I didnt feel frightened any more.(原因状语) As/Beacuse/Since I have experienced quite a few earthquakes, I didnt feel frightened any more.(原因状语从句) 3. He sat in the empty house, feeling very lonely. He sat in the empty house and felt very lonely.(伴随状语从句),规律总结（一）,现在分词做状语，分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语必须一致。(如前例) 现在分词做状语，分词与句子的主语是主谓（主动）关系。(如前例),规律总结（二）,适用于现在分词一般式（doing）的两种情况： （1）现在分词的动作或状态同时与位于动作的发生（过程中）； eg: Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him. （2）现在分词的动作或状态与谓语动作先后发生，无时间间隔； eg: Arriving at the airport, they found their flight had taken off. 适用于现在分词完成式（having done）的两种情况： （1）现在分词的动作先于谓语动作的发生，并持续一段时间； eg: Having lived in Tianjin for many years, he konws the place very well. （2）现在分词的动作先于谓语动作前多次发生，或有时间间隔； eg: Having seen that Mary danced in the park many times, I kenw that she liked dancing.,专项训练（一）,1. their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A. To throw B. Having thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown 2. It rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D.to cause 3. he got up late and hurried to his office, the breakfast untouched. A. left B.to leave C. leaving D.having left,专项训练（二）,4. from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. A. Having seen B.Seen C. Seeing D. To see 5.when the news, she got frightened. A. Hearing B. To hear C. Having heard D. Being heard 6. in the quene for half an hour, the old man realized that he had lost his wallet. A. Having waited B. To wait C. Waiting D. Having been waited,解题技巧“三步曲”归纳,先判断分词的逻辑主语是否与句子主语一 致； 再判断分词与句子主语的主被动关系； 最后判断分词动作与句子谓语动作发生的先后顺序；,Thank you !,