初中英语祈使句讲解及练习.docx

初中英语祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形 +其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up.请起立。（ 2） Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!（3） Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。Be careful! = Look out! = Take care!小心/ 当心！Let s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。2. 否定的祈使句(1) Dont +动词原形Dont stand up. 别站起来。Dont be careless. 别粗心。Dont let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。（2） Let 型的否定式有两种:“ Dont + let +宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分” 。（3） no 开头 ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。No smoking!禁止吸烟 !No fishing!禁止钓鱼!3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词例如： Do shut up! 快住口！Do 。4. 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will 或 won t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1) 形式一致 (即 Yes 与 will 保持一致； No 与 won t 保持一致 )2) 意思相反 (即 Yes 是 “不”的意思； No 是 “是”的意思 )。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。如：- Don t go out, please. It s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。 外面雨下得很大。- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。5. 祈使句的反意疑问句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you或 wont you 。Please open the door, will/ won请把t门you?打开，好吗？(2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you 。Dont be late again, will you?别再迟到了，行不行？(3)以 lets 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。Lets turn on the TV , shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？<特别注意 > 只有以 lets 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we ，而 let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you 或 wont you. 如：Let us stay here, will/ wontyou? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？一 . 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. It s an important meeting. _ (not, be )late.2. _ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold.10. Let s _ (not, say) anything about it.二、单项选择1.The TV is too loud. Please_.A . turn it downB. to turn it downC. turn down itD. to turn down it2._ late again, Bill!A. Dont to beB. Dont beC. Not beD. Be not3._ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. WontC. DoesntD .Dont4.Please help me carry it, _?A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we5.Dont make so much noise, _?A. will youB. wont youC. shall weD. do you6.Do you know the girl _under the tree?A . standB. to standC. standingD. stood7.Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow.A. bringB. bringsC. to bringD. bringing8._ me the truth, or Ill be angry.A. TellingB. To tellC. ToldD. Tell9.Ive kept the dog _Maomao for a long time.A . NameB. namedC. namingD. to name10.Dont you know that _ is good for our health?A. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swims11 .Her doctor said: “ _ work so hard ”A StopB Don tC Can tD No12.Sindy, _ to be here at 8 o clockA is sureB is sure thatC will be sureD be sure13._ when you cross the road.A Do careB CareC Do be carefulD To be careful14._him the secret, will you?A Don t tellB Not to tellC Not tellingD No telling15._ in bed. It s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don t readC Don t to readD Not read16._ Your child. We ll look after him.A Not to worry aboutB Don t worry aboutC Not worry forD Don t worry with17.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest?A not theyB do not theyC don t theyD not to18 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest?- All right.A Why notB How aboutC Why not toD why don t19 _ tell a lie.A HardlyB NotC NoD Never20.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don tC arentD can t三、句型转换1. Will you please read it again more slowly?（改为祈使句）_ again more slowly, please.2. If you dont listen to me, Ill go.（改为同义句）_me, or I ll go.3. Lets watch the sports games.（改为反意疑问句）Lets watch the sports games, _?4.The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_careless, please.5.Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_ next to Nancy.6.Dont forget to turn off the lights, please.（改为反意疑问句）Dont forget to turn off the lights, _?7.If you move, youll die. （改为同义句）_, or youll die.8.Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _?9. 这是一个坏了的被子。（翻译句子）This is a _.10. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。（翻译句子）Let s go and help the _, please.四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。1. 请照看好您的包。_.2. 让我们去学校吧 ! _!3. 亲爱的 ,高兴点儿 ! _!4. 不要把书放这儿。 _.5. 不要让猫进来。_.参考答案一、填空题1.Dont t be2. Dont t make3. Dont t speakbe4.Don t talkread5. Don t leave6. Look7.Give8. Don t let9. catch10. not _say二、单选题1-5. ABDBA6-10. CADBB11-15 BADAD16-20 BDADB三、句型转换1.Read it2. Listen to3. shall we4. Don t be5. Don t sit6. will you7. Don t move8. will / won t you9. broken glass / cup10. crying girl四、翻译 Key:1. Please look after your bag.2. Lets go to school.3. Be glad, dear4. Dont put the book here .5. Dont let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in