最新reading strategy 阅读策略 .ppt
《最新reading strategy 阅读策略 .ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《最新reading strategy 阅读策略 .ppt(31页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Reading Strategy,Duan Lifu,Reading Strategy,Duan Lifu,Contents,1. Background Information,2. Four Reading Models,3. Three Kinds of Reading Strategies,4. Reading Process,Pritchard (1990) defines a strategy as a deliberate action that readers take voluntarily to develop an understanding of what they re
2、ad. Kellerman (1983) defines a strategy as a “well organized approach to a problem”. Olshavsky (1977) claims that a strategy is a purposeful means of comprehending the authors message.,1. 1 What is reading strategy?,1.2 The importance of using strategy,If a reader knows how, when and where to use an
3、 appropriate strategy, this would help him to improve reading comprehension. Strategies aid readers to process the text actively, to monitor their comprehension and to connect what they are reading to their own knowledge and to other parts of the text.,2. Four Reading Models,The reading model has go
4、ne through three stages. Bottom-up reading model Top-down reading model. Interactive reading model (interaction of bottom-up reading model and top-down reading model). The schema theory,2.1 The bottom-up processing,Bottom-up model means that the reader constructs the text from smallest unit (letter
5、to words to phrases to sentence, etc) and that the process of constructing the text from those small units becomes so automatic that readers are not aware of how if operates. (Eskey, 1988),This can happen if our world knowledge is inadequate, or if the writers point of view is very different from ou
6、r own. In that case, we must scrutinize the vocabulary and syntax to make sure we have grasped the plain sense correctly. Thus bottom-up processing can be used as a corrective to “tunnel vision (seeing things only from our own limited point of view)”.,2.2 The top-down processing,The top-down model i
7、s that readers bring a great deal of knowledge, expectations, assumptions and questions to the text and, give a basic understanding of the vocabulary; they continue to read as long as the text confirms their expectations. (Goodman, 1967),We make conscious use of it when we try to see the overall pur
8、pose of the text, or get a rough idea of the pattern of the writers argument, in order to make a reasoned guess at the next step (based on the schema we have acquired ).We might compare this approach to an eagles eye.,2.3 The interaction of bottom-up and top-down processing,The former neglects the f
9、act that reading is an active comprehensive process, while the later neglects the fast and exact recognition of the lower level information such as letters, vocabulary, grammar forms. Reader may shift from one focus to another, adopting a top-down approach to predict the probable meaning, then movin
10、g from the bottom-up approach to check whether that is really what the writer says. It is known as interactive reading.,2.4 The schema theory,Schema theory is one of the most important theories in the study of reading comprehension. According to schema theory, all knowledge is packaged into units. T
11、hese units are schemata. Schema theory also holds the view that comprehending a text is an interactive process between the readers background knowledge and the text. Efficient reading requires the ability to relate the textual material to ones own knowledge. The readers schemata assist him to make a
12、ssumptions about the meaning of the incoming text. Meanwhile, the reader makes confirmations, rejections and mediations with more information coming out from the text.,3. Three kinds of reading strategies,Direct Strategies,Memory,memory,Cognitive,compensation,Indirect Strategies,Metacognitive,Affect
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 最新reading strategy 阅读策略 最新 reading 阅读 策略
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-11456922.html