英式英语和美式英语的异同毕业设计(论文).doc
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1、毕业论文诚信声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的毕业论文Similarities and Dissimilarities between British English and American English是本人在指导老师的指导下,独立研究、写作的成果。论文中所引用是他人的无论以何种方式发布的文字、研究成果,均在论文中以明确方式标明。本声明的法律结果由本人独自承担。 毕业论文作者签名: 2013 年6 月4 日成 绩: 江西科技师范大学毕业设计(论文)题目(中文): 英式英语和美式英语的异同 (外文): Similarities and Dissimilarities between British
2、 English and American English 院(系): 外国语学院 专 业: 英语 学生姓名: 许小珊 学 号: 20092448 指导教师: 万淑兰 2013年 6 月 4 日Contents1. Introduction.12. The Definition of British English and American English.22.1 British English.22.2 American English.23. Similarities between British English and American English.23.1 Similariti
3、es in Origin23.2 Similarities in Principle.34. Dissimilarities between British English and American English.34.1 Dissimilarities in Pronunciation.44.1.1 Dissimilarities in Vowels.44.1.2 Dissimilarities in Consonants.54.1.3 Dissimilarities in Pronunciation of the Same Word.64.1.4 Dissimilarities in I
4、ntonation.64.2 Dissimilarities in Spelling64.3 Dissimilarities in Vocabulary.84.4 Dissimilarities in Grammar94.4.1 Dissimilarities in Certain Verbs.104.4.2 Dissimilarities in Nouns.114.4.3 Dissimilarities in Articles114.4.4 Dissimilarities in Pronouns.124.4.5 Dissimilarities in Prepositions124.4.6 D
5、issimilarities in Tense134.4.7 Dissimilarities in Subjunctive Mood.134.4.8 Dissimilarities in Syntax.135. Conclusion.14 5.1 Importance of Knowing Their Similarities and Dissimilarities14 5.2 Attitudes toward Their Similarities and Dissimilarities.14Bibliography.15Similarities and Dissimilarities bet
6、ween British English and American EnglishAbstract: As a world language, English is one of the working languages of the United Nations, and it is also regarded as an international language. British English and American English are two major varieties of English. Generally speaking, these two language
7、s are about the same. Because of the influence of politics, economy, geography, history, culture and many other factors, there are differences between British English and American English. This paper will first discuss the similarities between British English and American English in origin and princ
8、iple levels, and then will mainly focus on the dissimilarities between them in such levels as pronunciation, spelling, vocabulary, and grammar.Key words: British English; American English; similarities; dissimilarities1. IntroductionIt is well known that English is considered as the most common lang
9、uage which is frequently used all over the world. With the development of economic globalization, the importance of English has become increasingly prominent. Nowadays English is used as a tool in international exchange; it is one of the working languages in the United Nations. Since English is ofte
10、n described as the first global language, it has become a requirement in a number of fields, occupations and professions. As a consequence, everyone is involved in the wave of learning English.While, because of the influence of geography, history, culture and social customs, English has had a tenden
11、cy to be divided into two varieties: one is called British English (BrE), which is used in the British Isles, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and West Indies; the other is called American English (AmE), which is used mainly in the United States and Canada. 陈玢, 陈立.英式英语和美式英语的差异研究J.科技信息, 2002, (5
12、): 109. British English and American English are two major varieties of English in the world. However, there is no standard to measure which is better; actually they belong to the same language and have many similarities in origin and principle levels. Besides, British English and American English a
13、lso have great dissimilarities in pronunciation, spelling, vocabulary, and grammar. By knowing the similarities and dissimilarities between them, English learners will be familiar with the culture and characteristics of British English and American English, as well as broaden their horizon.2. The De
14、finition of British English and American English2.1 British EnglishAccording to the Wikipedia, British English (BrE) is the form of English used in the United Kingdom. It includes all English dialects used within the United Kingdom. English is a West Germanic language originated from the Anglo-Frisi
15、an dialects, and it was first brought to Britain by Germanic settlers. Generally speaking, the history of the English language can be divided into three periods: the first period is from 450 to 1150 which is also called the Old English or Anglo-Saxon period; the second period from 1150 to 1500 which
16、 is known as the Middle English period; the third period from 1500 to the present day which is also called the Modern English period. Through these periods British English has gradually been enriched and developed, and it becomes the world wide language after the Industrial Revolution from 18th to 1
17、9th.2.2 American EnglishAccording to the Wikipedia, American English (AmE) is the form of English used in the United States. It includes all English dialects used within the United States. The use of English in the United States is a result of English colonization. During the 17th century, the first
18、 group of English-speaking settlers arrived in North America, and then numerous immigrants came here in the 18th and 19th centuries. Since then, American English has been formed gradually and later be influenced by the languages of West Africa, the Native American population, German, Irish, Spanish,
19、 and so on. American English has its own unique characteristics for its splendid culture and its creative thoughts as well as its willing to absorb the essence of other languages.3. Similarities between British English and American English3.1 Similarities in OriginMetaphorically, language is regarde
20、d as a mirror of society, through which we can understand social activities of a certain society better. 胡壮麟, 姜望琪.语言学教程M.北京:北京大学出版社, 2008.34. It has become acceptable for everyone to think that there exists a close relationship between language and culture. Language is a necessary carrier of culture
21、. Culture represents language in an effective way of using. Besides, language is the representation of the history and it is a good record for different countries. However, language is continuously changing with the development of the world.English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken i
22、n early medieval England. English belongs to the German tribesthe Angeles, the Saxons, the Jutes, the Danes, etc. They used to live in the northern part of Europe, but later on moved to the British Isles and became the earliest inhabitants of England. 陈静敏.英式英语与美式英语J.外语研究, 1991, (2): 23. About three
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