英语专业跨文化交际考试复习题名词解释.docx
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1、英语专业跨文化交际考试复习题名词解释Culture:is a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs,values,and norms,which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people.culture :what the behavior and customs mean to the people who are following them.high-context culture :a culture in which meaning is not
2、 necessarily contained in words. Information is provided through gestures, the use of space, and even silence. low-context culture :a culture in which the majority of the information is vested in the explicit code.Linguistic determinist is that language structure controls thought and cultural norms.
3、Linguistic relativity holds that culture is controlled by and controls language.verbal communication :communication done both orally and in written languagenonverbal communication :involves all nonverbal stimuli in a communication setting that is generated by both the source and his or her use of th
4、e environment and that has potential message value for the source or receiver. Individual Culture:Individuals tend to define themselves by the extent to which they are different from, rather than similar to other. People are encouraged to display self-confidence and assertiveness, disclosure of pers
5、onal thoughts and feelings.collectivist culture:Collectivist cultures place little value on individual identity and great value on group identity. They have been labeled as “we” cultures because basic unit is the in-group or collective. Paralanguage refers to the rate ,pitch and volume qualities of
6、the voice,which interrupt or temporarily take the place of speech and affect the meaning of a message.monochronic time (M Time) :It schedules one event at a time. In these cultures time is perceived as a linear structure just like a ribbon stretching from the past into the future. polychronic time (
7、P Time) :schedules several activities at the same time. In these culture people emphasize the involvement of people more than schedules. They do not see appointments as ironclad commitments and often break them. ethnocentrism :the view of things in which ones own group is the center of everything, a
8、nd all others are scaled and rated with reference to it.Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of ones own culture. The ethnocentric individual will judge other groups relative to his or her own particular ethnic group or culture, especially with concern to langu
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